分类： LINUX
2015-08-30 21:10:15
前言：
xen虚拟机提供了一种类似于heartbeat高可用方案，在保证也不中断的业务情况下实现虚拟机迁移技术。在保证虚拟机上的服务正常的情况下将运行中的Domain迁移到其他机器上，实现xen虚拟机的高可用。
一、实验准备：
(1)各个测试机之间时间要同步
(2)node3提供iscsi网络共享存储
(4)node4与node5做为xen虚拟机
(5)本人使用的都是CentOS6.6操作系统
(6)关闭所有节点的iptables和SELinux
二、安装xen虚拟机：
(1)准备yum源，若在物理机安装xen直接使用http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/xen4/x86_64/这个地址作为yum源即可，本次做实验使用的是虚拟机，所以使用的是软件是有马哥提供；软件包太多这里就不在上传了；安装过程如下
node4节点和node5节点安装方式一样：
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yum -y localinstall xen-4.2.2-22.el6.centos.alt.x86_64.rpm xen-libs-4.2.2-22.el6.centos.alt.x86_64.rpm xen-licenses-4.2.2-22.el6.centos.alt.x86_64.rpm xen-runtime-4.2.2-22.el6.centos.alt.x86_64.rpm xen-hypervisor-4.2.2-22.el6.centos.alt.x86_64.rpm kernel-xen-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm kernel-xen-firmware-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.rpm kernel-xen-release-6-4.noarch.rpm
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(2)编辑grub.conf配置文件，修改内容如下：node4节点与node5节点修改一样
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[root@node4 ~]# vim /boot/grub/grub.conf
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /xen.gz dom0_mem=1025M,max:1024M dom0_max_vcpus=1 dom0_vpus_pin cpufreq=xen
\\此处更改内核为xen.gz，同时向xen内核传递相关参数
module /vmlinuz-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_node4-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD rd_LVM_LV=vg_node4/lv_swap SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_LVM_LV=vg_node4/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
module /initramfs-3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64.img
title CentOS 6 (2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64)\\将原有的内核信息和ramfs都更改为模块方式
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_node4-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD rd_LVM_LV=vg_node4/lv_swap SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_LVM_LV=vg_node4/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64.img
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(3)重启主机：
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[root@node4 ~]# reboot
[root@node5 ~]# reboot
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(4)查看xen是否安装成功
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[root@node4 ~]# uname -r;ssh node5 'uname -r'
3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64
3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64
[root@node4 ~]# service xend status;ssh node5 'service xend status'
xend (pid 3042) is running...
[ OK ]
xend (pid 3537) is running...
[ OK ]
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三、安装配置iscsi
(1)准备一块没有格式化的磁盘
(2)安装scsi-target-utils
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[root@node3 ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils
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(3)编辑scsi配置文件，添加以下信息
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[root@node3 ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
<target iqn.2015-08.com.linux:xen.t1>
direct-store /dev/sdb
initiator-address 172.16.2.0/24
</target>
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(4)启动scsi服务，查看scsi信息：
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[root@node3 ~]#/etc/init.d/tgtd start
[root@node3 ~]# tgtadm --lld iscsi --mode target --op show
Target 1: iqn.2015-08.com.linux:xen.t1
System information:
Driver: iscsi
State: ready
I_T nexus information:
LUN information:
LUN: 0
Type: controller
SCSI ID: IET 00010000
SCSI SN: beaf10
Size: 0 MB, Block size: 1
Online: Yes
Removable media: No
Prevent removal: No
Readonly: No
Backing store type: null
Backing store path: None
Backing store flags:
LUN: 1
Type: disk
SCSI ID: IET 00010001
SCSI SN: beaf11
Size: 21468 MB, Block size: 512
Online: Yes
Removable media: No
Prevent removal: No
Readonly: No
Backing store type: rdwr
Backing store path: /dev/sdb1
Backing store flags:
Account information:
ACL information:
172.16.2.0/24
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（5）配置iscsi端；node4节点与node5节点操作相同
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[root@node4 ~]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils
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（6）在node4节点发现并格式化此设备块
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[root@node4 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 172.16.2.14:3260 -l \\发现iscsi设备并登陆，node5节点步骤相同
172.16.2.14:3260,1 iqn.2015-08.com.linux:xen.t1
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2015-08.com.linux:xen.t1, portal: 172.16.2.14,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2015-08.com.linux:xen.t1, portal: 172.16.2.14,3260] successful.
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[root@node4 ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb \\格式化iscsi提供的块设备,node5节点不需要操作
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[root@node4 ~]# mkdir -pv /xen/image 创建挂载点
[root@node4 ~]# mount /dev/sdb /xen/image \\将iscsi设备挂载到刚刚创建的目录，node5节点同样需要此目录
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四、利用busybox制作一个linux系统
(1)创建磁盘镜像
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[root@node4 ~]# cd /xen/image/
[root@node4 image]# qemu-img-xen create -f qcow2 -o preallocation=metadata busybox.img 100G
Formatting 'busybox', fmt=qcow2 size=107374182400 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 preallocation='metadata'
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(2)格式化磁盘镜像
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[root@node4 image]# mke2fs -t ext4 busybox \\格式化磁盘镜像设备
[root@node4 ~]# mount -o loop /xen/image/busybox /mnt \\挂载镜像设
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(3)编译安装busybox
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[root@node4 ~]# yum install ncurses-devel glibc-static \\安装依赖软件
[root@node4 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools" "Server Paltfrom Development" \\安装开发环境
[root@node4 ~]# tar xf busybox-1.22.1.tar.bz2
[root@node4 busybox-1.22.1]# make menuconfig
Busybox Settings ---> Build Options ---> [*] Build BusyBox as a static binary (no shared libs)
[root@node4 busybox-1.22.1]# make;make install
[root@node4 busybox-1.22.1]# cp -a _install/* /mnt
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(4)创建系统启动时所需要的目录
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[root@node4 mnt]# mkdir -pv proc sys dev home root tmp usr lib/module mnt
[root@node4 mnt]# cp /lib/modules/3.7.4-1.el6xen.x86_64/kernel/drivers/net/xen-netfront.ko lib/module/
[root@node4 mnt]# sync
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(5)卸载/mnt
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[root@node4 ~]# umount /mnt
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(6)配置桥设备；node5节点也安装此方法创建桥设备
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[root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@node4 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-br0
[root@node4 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=172.16.2.15
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=172.16.2.1
[root@node4 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:10:84:38
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=none
BRIDGE=br0
[root@node4 ~]# service network restart
[root@node4 ~]# ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:10:84:38
inet addr:172.16.2.15 Bcast:172.16.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe10:8438/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:38 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:42 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2844 (2.7 KiB) TX bytes:4552 (4.4 KiB)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:10:84:38
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe10:8438/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:167781 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1750795 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:151936658 (144.8 MiB) TX bytes:2498647650 (2.3 GiB)
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(7)编辑busybox的配置文件
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[root@node4 ~]# vim /etc/xen/busybox
kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64"
ramdisk = "/boot/initramfs-2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64.img"
name = "busybox"
vcpus = 2
memory = 512
disk = [ 'file:/xen/image/busybox.img,xvda,w', ]
root = "/dev/xvda ro"
extra = "selinux=0 init=/bin/sh"
vif = [ 'bridge=br0' ]
on_reboot = "destroy"
on_crash = "destroy"
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(8)创建虚拟机：
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[root@node4 xen]# xm create -c busybox
/bin/sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
/ #
\\这是最终结果，导出busybox小型linux制作完成
[root@node4 xen]# xm list \\查看虚拟机列表
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 362.3
busybox 2 512 2 -b---- 10.7
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(9)停止busybox系统，将iscsi设备挂载到node5节点，复制busybox配置文件到node5节点，测试busybo是否能启动
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[root@node4 ~]# xm destroy busybox \\停止busybox系统
[root@node4 ~]# umount /xen/image/ \\卸载挂载点
[root@node5 ~]# mount /dev/sdb /xen/image \\node5节点挂载iscsi设备
[root@node4 ~]# scp /etc/xen/busybox node5:/etc/xen/ \\复制node4节点的busybox配置文件到node5节点一份
[root@node5 ~]# xm create -c busybox \\创建busybox虚拟机
dracut: Switching root
/bin/sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
/ # \\node5节点创建busybox成功
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五、对busybox小系统进行实施迁移
(1)在node4节点将iscsi设备挂载到/xen/image目录
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[root@node4 ~]# mount /dev/sdb /xen/image/
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(2)迁移busybox之前进行检查
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[root@node4 ~]# xm list \\确保node4节点没有运行bosybox
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 393.7
root@node5 ~]# xm list \\确保在迁移之前busybox运行在node5节点
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 286.1
busybox 2 512 2 -b---- 3.5
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(3)修改node4节点与node5节点的xen配置文件，开启以下选项
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[root@node4 ~]# vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
(xend-relocation-server yes)
(xend-relocation-port 8002)
(xend-address '172.16.2.16')
(xend-relocation-hosts-allow '')
[root@node5 ~]# vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
(xend-relocation-server yes)
(xend-relocation-port 8002)
(xend-address '172.16.2.15')
(xend-relocation-hosts-allow '')
[root@node4 ~]# service xend restart;ssh node5 'service xend restart'
Stopping xend daemon: [ OK ]
Starting xend daemon: [ OK ]
Stopping xend daemon: [ OK ]
Starting xend daemon: [ OK ]
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(3)将运行在node5节点的busybox小系统迁移到node4节点
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[root@node5 ~]# xm migrate -l busybox 172.16.2.15 \\将busybox系统迁移到node4节点
[root@node4 ~]# xm list \\在node4节点查看，busybox已经成功移植到node4节点
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 427.8
busybox 3 512 2 -b---- 0.1
[root@node5 ~]# xm list \\node5节点已经没由DomU在运行
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 64.7
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至此实验完成，本人是刚刚学习xen技术，有不足之处请大家多多给宝贵的意见。O(∩_∩)O
http://www.magedu.com/
