分类: 信息化
2014-07-17 18:26:26
1. whether, if引导宾语从句:表示“是否”可互换,口语中常用if。
He asked if she would come.
注意下列情况下whether不可用if换:
1)引导主语从句置于句首时。
2)whether后没有单词间隔而直接跟or not时。
I don't know whether or not he will come.
3) whether从句作介词宾语时。
They are talking about whether he will win the game.
Everything depends on whether you agree with us.
4)whether后接不定式时。
I don't know whether to attend the meeting.
5)动词discuss, decide的宾语从句时。
2. 连接代词what, who, whose等引导的宾语从句。
Tell me what you want.
Do you know who will come at the meeting?
注意:who, whom按照传统语法,从句中who所取代的名词如果是宾语应用宾格whom,但在口语中常用who,
如:
Do you know whom (who) he will invite?
①whose, which, what三个词都带有形容词性质。whose表示所有,意为“谁的”;which意为“哪一个”,what意为“什么”。如:
Whose book it is not important.
Please tell me which school you want to go.
He didn't know what time it was.
②一般说来,which指的是在一个具体的、较明确的、有限的、较小范围;而what则指较广的或不明确的范围。
如:which food,说话人一般指眼前的或明确范围的几种food;what food则指许多food,而且说话人心中没有数。
I don't know which / what food you want.
如果范围较大或者没有什么范围,最好用what food。
3. 连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
I don't know when the meeting will be held.
Please tell me where I can find Tom.
He explained to me why he was absent from the meeting.
Can you tell me how I can get to the post office?
4. 可用whatever, whoever, whomever, whenever, wherever等引导宾语从句。
Please write down whatever he is saying.
I don't know whoever will come.
I'll do whatever you ask me to.
5.表示爱憎情感的动词,
如:enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, don't mind, resent, appreciate(感激)等以及某些介词结尾的短语动词如:count on, depend on, rely on, see to, look forward to, be fond of, feel like, see to等后,即使没有宾补也要先接形式宾语it,再接宾语从句。
I like it when she smiles at me.
I love it when you sing.
I hate it if I am spoken to loudly in public.
★除了but, besides, except, in, save, beyond六个介词后跟that引导的宾语从句外,其他介词都不能。in that是“因为”的意思,其余五个与that搭配都是“除了……”。