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黑马程序员_foundation框架2

分类： iOS平台

2015-04-14 16:10:43

一.数组

NSArray

用来存储有序的列表，他是不可变的，一旦装入10个元素就不能再添加删除元素    

不能存储基本类型，只允许装OC对象，结构体，枚举，nil都不行，nil代表数组的结束



数组遍历的代码：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // Student.m
  3. // 遍历
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-3.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import "Student.h"

  11. @implementation Student

  13. - (void)dealloc
  14. {
  15.     
  16.     NSLog(@"student销毁了");
  17.     [super dealloc];
  18. }

  20. +(id)stu{
  21.     //快速创建对象，不用管理内存
  22.     Student *st = [[[Student alloc]init]autorelease];
  23.     return st;
  24.     
  25. }

  27. -(void)fun{
  28.     
  29.     NSLog(@"fun");
  30. }

  32. -(void)funa:(id)a{
  33.     
  34.     NSLog(@"fun2--%@",a);
  35. }

  37. @end


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // main.m
  3. // 遍历
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-3.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
  10. #import "Student.h"

  12. //内存管理
  13. void memory(){
  14.     
  15.     Student *s1 = [[Student alloc] init];
  16.     Student *s2 = [[Student alloc] init];
  17.     Student *s3 = [[Student alloc] init];
  18.     
  19.     NSLog(@"s1--1--%zd",[s1 retainCount]);
  20.     //当把对象塞进数组时候，这个对象计数器就加1
  21.     NSArray *n1 = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:s1,s2,s3, nil];
  22.     
  23.     NSLog(@"s1--2--%zd",[s1 retainCount]);
  24.     
  25.     NSLog(@"cont--%zd",n1.count);
  26.     //当数组元素销毁的时候，他都会对里面的对象release
  27.     [n1 release];
  28.     [s1 release];
  29.     [s2 release];
  30.     [s3 release];
  31.     
  32. }

  34. //给数组里面的元素发送消息
  35. void fun1(){
  36.     
  37.     Student *s1 = [Student stu];
  38.     Student *s2 = [Student stu];
  39.     Student *s3 = [Student stu];
  40.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:s1,s2,s3, nil];
  41.     NSString *a =@"123";
  42.     
  43.     [n1 makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(fun)];
  44.     [n1 makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(funa:) withObject:a];
  45.     
  46. }

  48. //遍历
  49. void fun2(){

  51.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"12",@"23",@"2", nil];
  52.     int cont = n1.count;
  53.     for(int i =0 ; i<cont;i++){
  54.         //id == *void
  55.         id obj = [n1 objectAtIndex:i ];
  56.         NSLog(@"%@",obj);
  57.     
  58.     }

  60. }

  62. //遍历2
  63. void fun3(){
  64.     
  65.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"12",@"23",@"2", nil];
  66.     //快速遍历
  67.     for(id obj in n1){
  68.         NSLog(@"%@",obj);
  69.     
  70.     }
  71.     

  73. }

  75. //遍历3
  76. void fun4(){
  77. //用block来遍历
  78.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"12",@"23",@"2", nil];
  79.     //创建的时候双击就会自动生成
  80.     [n1 enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:
  81.     ^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
  82.         
  83.         //如果索引为1，就停止遍历
  84.         if ( idx == 1) {
  85.             //stop为yes的时候，会停止遍历
  86.             *stop = YES;
  87.         }
  88.         
  89.         NSLog(@"%@",obj);
  90.         

  92.     }];
  93.     
  94.     
  95.     
  96. }

  98. //遍历4
  99. void fun5(){

  101. //迭代器
  102.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"12",@"23",@"2", nil];
  103.     //获取数组的迭代器
  104.     NSEnumerator *e = [n1 objectEnumerator];
  105.     
  106.     //返回迭代器所有元素
  107.     //allObjects 只取出没有被遍历过的对象
  108.     NSArray *ns = [e allObjects];
  109.     
  110.     NSLog(@"%@",ns);
  111.     
  112.     e = [n1 objectEnumerator];
  113.     //获取下一个需要遍历的元素
  114.     //[e nextObject];
  115.     id a = nil;
  116.     while (a = [e nextObject]) {
  117.         
  118.         
  119.         NSLog(@"--%@",a);
  120.     }
  121.     
  122.     //获取反序的迭代器
  123.     e = [n1 reverseObjectEnumerator];
  124.     
  125.     id a1 = nil;
  126.     while (a1 = [e nextObject]) {
  127.         
  128.         
  129.         NSLog(@"=%@",a1);
  130.     }
  131.     
  132.     
  133. }

  135. int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  136.     @autoreleasepool {
  137.         //创建一个空数组
  138.         NSArray *a1 = [NSArray array];
  139.         //创建多个元素的数组
  140.         NSArray *a2 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"sdf",@"abc",nil];
  141.         
  142.         //获取元素个数
  143.         unsigned int cout = [a2 count];
  144.         unsigned int cout1 = a2.count;
  145.         
  146.         NSLog(@"个数为%zd",cout);
  147.         
  148.         //查看包含字符串
  149.         if([a2 containsObject:@"abc"]){
  150.             NSLog(@"包含了");
  151.         }
  152.         
  153.         //返回最后一个元素
  154.         NSString *s = [a2 lastObject];
  155.         NSLog(@"最后一个元素-%@",s);
  156.         
  157.         //根据下标获取元素
  158.         s = [a2 objectAtIndex:2];
  159.         NSLog(@"元素为-%@",s);
  160.         
  161.         //查找索引
  162.         int index = [a2 indexOfObject:@"123"];
  163.         NSLog(@"索引为-%d",index);
  164.         
  165.         //memory();
  166.         //fun1();
  167.         //fun2();
  168.         //fun3();
  169.         //fun4();
  170.         fun5();
  171.         
  172.     }
  173.     return 0;
  174. }

下面是数组的排序：


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // Student.h
  3. // 排序
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-3.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
  10. @class Book;

  12. @interface Student : NSObject


  15. @property (nonatomic,retain)NSString *name;
  16. @property (nonatomic,retain)NSString *xing;
  17. @property (nonatomic,retain)Book *book;

  19. +(id)stu1:(NSString*)s1 stu2:(NSString*)s2;
  20. +(id)stu1:(NSString*)s1 stu2:(NSString*)s2 bo:(NSString*)book;

  22. -(NSComparisonResult)comp:(Student*)s;

  24. @end


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // Student.m
  3. // 排序
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-3.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import "Student.h"
  10. #import "Book.h"

  12. @implementation Student

  14. +(id)stu1:(NSString*)s1 stu2:(NSString*)s2{

  16.     Student *s = [[Student alloc]init];
  17.     s.name = s1;
  18.     s.xing = s2;
  19.     
  20.     return s;
  21.     
  22. }

  24. +(id)stu1:(NSString*)s1 stu2:(NSString*)s2 bo:(NSString *)book{
  25.     
  26.     Student *s = [[Student alloc]init];
  27.     s.name = s1;
  28.     s.xing = s2;
  29.     s.book = [Book bookWithName:book];
  30.     
  31.     return s;
  32.     
  33. }

  35. -(NSComparisonResult)comp:(Student*)s{

  37.     
  38.     //先按照姓名排序
  39.     NSComparisonResult re = [self.xing compare:s.xing];
  40.     //名字一样的话，按照名字排序
  41.     if (re == NSOrderedSame){
  42.         
  43.         re = [self.name compare:s.name];
  44.         
  45.     }
  46.     
  47.     return re ;
  48. }

  50. - (NSString *)description
  51. {
  52.     return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@--%@--%@", self.xing,self.name,self.book.name];
  53. }

  55. -(void)dealloc{
  56.     
  57.     [_name release];
  58.     [_xing release];
  59.     [_book release];
  60.     [super release];

  62. }

  64. @end


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // Book.h
  3. // 排序
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-14.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

  11. @interface Book : NSObject


  14. @property (nonatomic,retain)NSString *name;

  16. +(id)bookWithName:(NSString*)name;

  18. @end


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // Book.m
  3. // 排序
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-14.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import "Book.h"

  11. @implementation Book

  13. +(id)bookWithName:(NSString*)name{

  15.     Book *b = [[[Book alloc]init]autorelease];
  16.     
  17.     b.name = name;
  18.     
  19.     return b;

  21. }

  23. - (void)dealloc
  24. {
  25.     [_name release];
  26.     [super release];

  28. }

  30. @end


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // main.m
  3. // 排序
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-3.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
  10. #import "Student.h"

  12. //派生出新的数组
  13. void fun1(){

  15.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"23",@"222",nil ];
  16.     
  17.     NSArray *n2 = [n1 arrayByAddingObject:@"1231"];
  18.     NSArray *n3 =[n1 arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"23",@"222",nil ]];
  19.     NSRange r = NSMakeRange(1, 2);
  20.     //截取后派生
  21.     NSArray *n4 =[n3 subarrayWithRange:r];
  22.     
  23.     NSLog(@"n1--%zd",n1.count);
  24.     NSLog(@"n2--%zd",n2.count);
  25.     NSLog(@"n3--%zd",n3.count);
  26.     NSLog(@"n4--%zd",n4.count);

  28. }

  30. //拼接
  31. void fun2(){
  32.     
  33.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"23",@"222",nil ];
  34.     //用 -- 拼接元素
  35.     NSString *s = [n1 componentsJoinedByString:@"--"];
  36.     NSLog(@"%@",s );
  37.     //123--23--222
  38.     
  39.     NSString *s1 = @"/Users/jinhaiyang/Desktop/33.txt";
  40.     //将数组内容以xml形式写进文件
  41.     [n1 writeToFile:s1 atomically:YES];
  42.     
  43.     NSString *s2 = @"/Users/jinhaiyang/Desktop/44.txt";
  44.     //从文件读取内容，文件有严格要求
  45.     NSArray *n2 = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:s2];
  46.     NSLog(@"%@",n2);
  47.     
  48. }

  50. //排序
  51. void fun3(){

  53.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"23",@"222",nil ];
  54.     //返回一个排好序的数组，原来数组不变
  55.     //compare 告诉它这个数组的比较方法 从小到大
  56.     NSArray *n2 = [n1 sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
  57.     NSLog(@"%@",n2);

  59. }

  61. //排序2
  62. //自己写比较方法
  63. void fun4(){

  65.     Student *s = [Student stu1:@"li" stu2:@"sun"];
  66.     Student *s1 = [Student stu1:@"ang" stu2:@"li"];
  67.     Student *s2 = [Student stu1:@"gang" stu2:@"li"];
  68.     
  69.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:s,s1,s2,nil ];
  70.     NSArray *n2 = [n1 sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comp:)];
  71.     
  72.     NSLog(@"%@",n2);
  73. }

  75. //排序3
  76. void fun5(){
  77. //block
  78.     Student *s = [Student stu1:@"li" stu2:@"sun"];
  79.     Student *s1 = [Student stu1:@"ang" stu2:@"li"];
  80.     Student *s2 = [Student stu1:@"gang" stu2:@"li"];
  81.     
  82.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:s,s1,s2,nil ];

  84.     NSArray *n2 = [n1 sortedArrayUsingComparator:
  85.     ^NSComparisonResult(Student *s1, Student *s2) {
  86.         
  87.         //先按照姓名排序
  88.         NSComparisonResult re = [s1.xing compare:s2.xing];
  89.         //名字一样的话，按照名字排序
  90.         if (re == NSOrderedSame){
  91.             
  92.             re = [s1.name compare:s2.name];
  93.             
  94.         }
  95.         
  96.         return re ;
  97.         
  98.     }];
  99.     
  100.     NSLog(@"%@",n2);
  101.     
  102. }

  104. //排序4
  105. void fun6(){

  107.     Student *s = [Student stu1:@"li" stu2:@"sun" bo:@"abc"];
  108.     Student *s1 = [Student stu1:@"ang" stu2:@"li" bo:@"sf"];
  109.     Student *s2 = [Student stu1:@"gang" stu2:@"li" bo:@"abc"];
  110.     
  111.     NSArray *n1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:s,s1,s2,nil ];
  112.     
  113.     //先创造一个排序描述器
  114.     //ascending 默认是升序
  115.     //sortDescriptorWithKey: 写上去的是 property后面声明的名字
  116.     NSSortDescriptor *a = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"book.name" ascending:YES];
  117.     NSSortDescriptor *b = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"xing" ascending:YES];
  118.     NSSortDescriptor *c = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES];
  119.     
  120.     //按照要先进行排序的属性，放进数组里
  121.     NSArray *n2 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:a,b,c ,nil ];
  122.     
  123.     NSArray *n3 = [n1 sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:n2];
  124.     NSLog(@"%@",n3);
  125.     
  126.     
  127. }

  129. int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  130.     @autoreleasepool {
  131.         
  132.         //fun1();
  133.         //fun2();
  134.         //fun3();
  135.         //fun4();
  136.         //fun5();
  137.         fun6();
  138.         
  139.     }
  140.     return 0;
  141. }


二.动态数组

可变数组

不可以添加空和基本类型


动态数组创建的代码：


点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. //
  2. // main.m
  3. // 可变数组
  4. //
  5. // Created by 金海洋 on 15-4-8.
  6. // Copyright (c) 2015年 金海洋. All rights reserved.
  7. //

  9. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
  10. #import "Student.h"


  13. void mem(){
  14. //内存管理
  15.     //NSMutableArray *n = [NSMutableArray array];
  16.     NSMutableArray *n = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
  17.     
  18.     Student *s1 = [Student StudentWithAge:34];
  19.     Student *s2 = [Student StudentWithAge:14];
  20.     Student *s3 = [Student StudentWithAge:100];
  21.     
  22.     //会给被添加的元素进行一次retain操作
  23.     [n addObject:s1];
  24.     [n addObject:s2];
  25.     [n addObject:s3];
  26.     NSLog(@"%zd",[s1 retainCount]);
  27.     //会给被添加的元素进行一次release 操作
  28.     [n removeObject:s1];
  29.     NSLog(@"%zd",[s1 retainCount]);
  30.     [n addObject:s2];
  31.     
  32.     //数组释放的时候都会对元素做一次release操作
  33.     [n release];
  34.     
  35. }

  37. void fun(){
  38. //删除

  40.     NSArray *ns1= [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"1", @"2",@"112", @"212",@"412",nil];
  41.     //删除index位置的元素
  42.     //[ns1 removeObjectAtIndex:1];
  43.     //删除NSRange所指范围的元素
  44.     NSRange r = NSMakeRange(0, 2);
  45.     [ns1 removeObjectsInRange:r];

  47.     NSLog(@"%@",ns1);
  48.     
  49.     
  50.     
  51. }

  53. void fun1(){
  54. //替换
  55.     NSMutableArray *ns1 = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"1", @"2",@"112",nil];
  56.     
  57.     [ns1 replaceObjectAtIndex:1 withObject:@"4444"];
  58.     
  59.     NSLog(@"%@",ns1);
  60.     
  61.     
  62. }

  64. void fun2(){
  65. //排序
  66.     NSMutableArray *ns1 = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"11", @"2",@"112",nil];
  67.     //返回排序号的数组
  68.     NSMutableArray *ns2 = [ns1 sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
  69.     //直接在这个数组里排序
  70.     [ns1 sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
  71.     
  72.     NSLog(@"%@",ns1);
  73.     NSLog(@"---%@",ns2);

  75. }

  77. int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  78.     @autoreleasepool {
  79.         
  80.         NSMutableArray *ns1 = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"1", @"2",@"112",nil];
  81.         
  82.         //动态添加元素
  83.         [ns1 addObject:@"123"];
  84.         NSLog(@"%@",ns1);
  85.         //删除对象@"1"
  86.         [ns1 removeObject:@"1"];
  87.         NSLog(@"%@",ns1);
  88.         //删除最后一个对象
  89.         [ns1 removeLastObject];
  90.         //删除所有对象
  91.         [ns1 removeAllObjects];
  92.         NSLog(@"%@",ns1);
  93.         
  94.         //mem();
  95.         fun();
  96.         //fun1();
  97.         //fun2();
  98.         
  99.     }
  100.     return 0;
  101. }




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