基于jmeter和shell的接口性能自动化
1. 总体需求
由于性能中涉及的查询接口多，版本迭代频繁，版本更新后自动跑一轮查询业务的性能，可以及时发现一些开发修复bug触发的非预期的bug，利用晚上时间快速重测性能接口可以解放人工测试的时间，让测试人员可以把精力集中在测试复杂接口，调优分析性能瓶颈上。
2. 实现流程
自动化的场景模拟真实手工测试，操作步骤和手工测试一样。开始读取接口测试用例执行用例，发起服务器监控收集执行结果和监控结果执行完所有用例？整理结果，发送邮件结束yesno
3.准备工作
准备软件：
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系统环境：CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
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内核版本：Linux localhost 2.6.32-573.7.1.el6.x86_64
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测试工具：apache-jmeter-2.13
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运行JDK环境：
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python环境：Python 2.6.6
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服务器监控nmon：
4.具体实现
4.1用例执行
Jmeter的执行支持命令行的方式执行，并且会有一个粗略报告，我们取这个报告里面的执行结果并保存下来
Jmeter的执行结果：
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[root@localhost bin]# ./jmeter -n -t singin.jmx
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Creating summariser <summary>
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Created the tree successfully using singin.jmx
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Starting the test @ Mon Dec 14 16:42:33 CST 2015 (1450082553651)
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Waiting for possible shutdown message on port 4445
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summary + 1 in 1s = 1.3/s Avg: 268 Min: 268 Max: 268 Err: 0 (0.00%) Active: 1 Started: 1 Finished: 0
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summary + 2 in 0s = 50.0/s Avg: 17 Min: 14 Max: 20 Err: 0 (0.00%) Active: 0 Started: 1 Finished: 1
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summary = 3 in 1s = 3.7/s Avg: 100 Min: 14 Max: 268 Err: 0 (0.00%)
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Tidying up ... @ Mon Dec 14 16:42:34 CST 2015 (1450082554551)
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... end of run
由sumary统计行可以得到我们需要收集的测试结果：
|
测试结果项
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值
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总请求数
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3
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平均tps
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3.7
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平均响应时间
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100ms
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请求失败率
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0.00%
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主流程脚本
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#/bin/bash
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source /etc/profile
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Jmeter_Home='/usr/local/apache-jmeter-2.13'
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TestReport='/data/loadtest/report'
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LogDIR='/data/loadtest/log'
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Date=`date +"%F"`
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cd /data/loadtest/
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>summary.txt
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#清理上次执行结果
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run_test()
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{
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#获取测试用例
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for i in `find ./testcase/ -name *.jmx|awk -F '.' '{print $2}'`
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do
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casename=`echo "$i"|awk -F '/' '{print $4}'`
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>log/${casename}.txt
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echo -n "$i ">>summary.txt
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#发起监控
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./monitor.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 &
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#开始执行测试
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$Jmeter_Home/bin/jmeter -n -t /data/loadtest${i}.jmx >>log/${casename}.txt &
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sleep 310
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#如果执行310s还未结束，强制终止执行
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ps -ef | grep java |grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' |xargs kill -9
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sleep 3
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#提取结果
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grep 'summary =' log/${casename}.txt| tail -1 |awk -F '[\t / (]+' '{if($7>10000 && $17<10.00){printf("%s %d %d %d %.2f% pass ",$7,$10,$3,$16,100-$17)}else{printf("%s %d %d %d %.2f%% fail ",$7,$10,$3,$16,100-$17)}}'>>summary.txt
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cat monitor.txt >>summary.txt
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echo '' >> summary.txt
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#获取关键日志
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ssh 10.1.30.54 'tail -n 300 /data/logs/fcuh-user/catalina.out'>${LogDIR}${i}.log
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done
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}
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run_test
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sleep 3
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#生成html报告
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sh genHTML.sh
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sleep 1
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#发送邮件
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python sendmail.py
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4.2服务器监控
服务器资源收集方面，选用的是nmon监控工具，因为它可以后台收集结果保存到文件。由于每个用例测试5分钟，所以只需要监控300秒，每5s监控一次，对应命令：
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nmon -f -t -s5 -c60 -F /data/test.nmon
测试用例跑完再读取这个结果文件，获取有用的信息
当前只统计了磁盘io和cpu的占用率信息，原始文件保存在本地目录，如果需要，可以手动查看到。
监控脚本：
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#!/bin/bash
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#读取监控服务器列表
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SERVERLIST=`cat serverlist`
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DATE=`date +'%F'`
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mkdir -p /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE
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TIME=`date +'%T'`
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#发起监控
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for i in $SERVERLIST
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do
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ssh $i 'nmon -f -t -s5 -c60 -F /data/test.nmon >/dev/null 2>&1 &'
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done
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#监控5分钟
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sleep 303
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>monitor.txt
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#收集监控结果，保存到monitor.txt
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for i in $SERVERLIST
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do
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scp $i:/data/test.nmon /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon
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io=`cat /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon|grep "DISKBUSY,T" | awk -F ',' '{sum+=$3} END {printf("%.2f%",sum/NR)}'`
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cpu=`cat /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon|grep "CPU_ALL,T" | awk -F ',' '{sum+=$6} END {printf("%.2f%",100-sum/NR)}'`
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#net=`cat /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon|grep "NET,T"|awk -F ',' '{sum_r+=$4}{sum_w+=$6} END {print sum_r/NR,sum_w/NR}'`
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echo -n "${cpu} ${io} ">>monitor.txt
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done
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将用例执行结果和监控结果都汇总到summary.txt里
生成的格式如下，方便后面生成html格式的报告
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[root@localhost loadtest]# cat summary.txt
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/testcase/user/获取用户自己的信息 10748.6 8 3225296 0 100.00% pass 32.87% 5.34% 81.59% 2.12% 0.15% 1.78% 12.13% 32.83% 17.18% 6.14%
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/testcase/user/未读消息数 11487.4 7 3446960 0 100.00% pass 32.33% 12.57% 69.02% 1.86% 0.18% 1.74% 13.55% 35.85% 18.56% 7.65%
服务器监控脚本
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#!/bin/bash
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SERVERLIST=`cat serverlist`
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DATE=`date +'%F'`
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mkdir -p /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE
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TIME=`date +'%T'`
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for i in $SERVERLIST
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do
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ssh $i 'nmon -f -t -s5 -c60 -F /data/test.nmon >/dev/null 2>&1 &'
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done
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sleep 303
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>monitor.txt
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for i in $SERVERLIST
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do
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scp $i:/data/test.nmon /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon
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io=`cat /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon|grep "DISKBUSY,T" | awk -F ',' '{sum+=$3} END {printf("%.2f%",sum/NR)}'`
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cpu=`cat /data/loadtest/monitor/$DATE/${i}_${TIME}.nmon|grep "CPU_ALL,T" | awk -F ',' '{sum+=$6} END {printf("%.2f%",100-sum/NR)}'`
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echo -n "${cpu} ${io} ">>monitor.txt
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done
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4.3生成html报告
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#!/bin/sh
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>index.html
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echo "Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\"/>用户端自动化性能测试报告">>index.html
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echo `cat style.css`>>index.html
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(
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cat <<EOF
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<script language="JavaScript">
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function show_detail(detail){
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if(detail.style.display=="none"){
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detail.style.display="";
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}
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else{
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detail.style.display="none";
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}
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}
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</script>
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EOF
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)>>index.html
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echo "
用户端自动化性能测试报告
">">>index.html
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sum=`cat summary.txt | wc -l`
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sucess=`cat summary.txt|grep pass |grep -v grep|wc -l`
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fail=`expr $sum - $sucess`
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rate=`echo "$sucess $sum"|awk '{printf("%.2f%%",$1/$2*100)}'`
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(
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cat <<EOF
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<table><tr><td>
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<h2>结果汇总</h2>
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<table width="60%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" border="0" class="details" align="left">
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<tr><th>总接口数</th><th>成功接口数</th><th>失败接口数</th><th>测试通过率</th></tr>
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<tr align="center"><td>$sum</td><td>$sucess</td><td>$fail</td><td>$rate</td></tr>
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</tr></table>
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</td></tr>
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EOF
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)>>index.html
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(
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cat <<EOF
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<tr><td>
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<h2>概要结果</h2>
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<table width="95%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" border="0" class="details" align="left">
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<tr valign="top">
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<th>测试接口</th><th>每秒请求数(tps)</th><th>平均响应时间(ms)</th><th>总事务数</th><th>失败事务数</th><th>事务成功率</th><th>测试结果</th>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top" class="">
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EOF
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)>>index.html
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cat summary.txt |while read line
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do
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echo $line | awk '{if($7=="pass"){print "
| "$1" | "$2" | "$3" | "$4" | "$5" | "$6" | "$7" |
"}else{print "| "$1" | "$2" | "$3" | "$4" | "$5" | "$6" | "$7" |
"}}'>>index.html
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done
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echo "">>index.html
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echo "
| ">测试结果pass标准：tps>10000且事务成功率>90% | |
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">>index.html
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#echo "
page_details_expanded\" id=\"detail\" style=\"display:none;\" width=\"95%\">">>index.html
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(
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cat <<EOF
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<table width="95%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" border="0" class="details" align="left" id="detail" style="display:none">
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<tr valign="top">
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<th>测试接口</th><th>每秒请求数tps</th><th>平均响应时间(ms)</th><th>总事务数</th><th>失败事务数</th><th>成功率</th><th>测试结果</th><th>nginx服务器cpu</th><th>nginx服务器io</th><th>web服务器cpu</th><th>web服务器io</th><th>service服务器cpu</th><th>service服务器io</th><th>主数据库服务器cpu</th><th>主数据库服务器io</th><th>从数据库服务器cpu</th><th>从数据库服务器io</th>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top" class="">
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EOF
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)>>index.html
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j=1
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for i in `cat summary.txt`
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do
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if [ `expr $j % 17 ` != 0 ]; then
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echo '
| '$i' | '>>index.html
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else
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echo '
| '$i' | '>>index.html
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fi
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j=`expr $j + 1`
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done
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echo "
">>index.html
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html样式表（CSS）
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<style type="text/css">
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body {
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font:normal 68% verdana,arial,helvetica;
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color:#000000;
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}
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table tr td, table tr th {
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font-size: 78%;
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}
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table.details tr th{
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color: #ffffff;
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font-weight: bold;
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text-align:center;
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background:#2674a6;
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white-space: nowrap;
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}
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table.details tr td{
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background:#eeeee0;
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white-space: nowrap;
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}
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h1 {
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margin: 0px 0px 5px; font: 265% verdana,arial,helvetica
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}
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h2 {
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margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; font: bold 185% verdana,arial,helvetica
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}
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h3 {
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margin-bottom: 0.5em; font: bold 115% verdana,arial,helvetica
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}
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.Failure {
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font-weight:bold; color:red;
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}
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.Pass {
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font-weight:bold; color:green;
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}
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</style>
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4.4发送测试结果邮件
发邮件脚本
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#coding: utf-8
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import string
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import smtplib
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import os
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import datetime
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from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
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from email.mime.text import MIMEText
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from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
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from email.header import Header
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today = datetime.date.today()
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sender = 'xx@xx.com'
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receiverlist = ["a@a.com","b@b.com","c@c.com"]
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subject = '%s %s' % ('用户端自动化性能测试报告',today)
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smtpserver = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com'
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username = 'xx@xx.com'
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password = 'xxx'
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f = open('index.html',"r")
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content = f.read()
-
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#msg = MIMEText(content,'html','utf-8')
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msg = MIMEMultipart()
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msg.attach(MIMEText(content,'html','utf-8'))
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msg['From'] = 'xx@xx.com'
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msg['to'] = ','.join(receiverlist)
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msg['Subject'] = subject
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att=MIMEText(open('index.html','rb').read(),'base64','gb2312')
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att["Conten-Type"]='application/octet-stream'
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att["Content-Disposition"]='attachment;filename="Load test result.html"'
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msg.attach(att)
-
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smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
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smtp.connect(smtpserver)
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smtp.ehlo()
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smtp.starttls()
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smtp.ehlo()
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#smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
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smtp.login(username, password)
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smtp.sendmail(msg['From'],msg['to'],msg.as_string())
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smtp.quit()
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测试结果截图：
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