.. Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
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distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
.. include:: ../../common.defs
.. _admin-logging-formats:
Formatting Log Files
********************
This section covers the creation of logging formats. All but a few logging
output related settings in |TS| are performed in :file:`logging.yaml` and
consulting the documentation for that file is recommended in addition to this
section. Any configurations or settings performed outside that file will be
clearly noted.
.. _admin-logging-defining-format:
Defining Formats
================
Logging formats in |TS| are defined by editing :file:`logging.yaml`
and adding new format entries for each format you wish to define. The syntax is
fairly simple: every format must contain a ``Format`` attribute, which is the
string defining the contents of each line in the log, and may also contain an
optional ``Interval`` attribute defining the log aggregation interval for
any logs which use the format (see :ref:`admin-logging-type-summary` for more
information).
The return value from the ``format`` function is the log format object which
may then be supplied to the appropriate ``log.*`` functions that define your
logging destinations.
A very simple exampe, which contains only the timestamp of when the event began
and the canonical URL of the request, would look like:
.. code:: yaml
formats:
- name: myformat
format: '% %'
You may include as many custom field codes as you wish. The full list of codes
available can be found in :ref:`admin-logging-fields`. You may also include
any literal characters in your format. For example, if we wished to separate
the timestamp and canonical URL in our customer format above with a slash
instead of a space, or even a slash surrounded by spaces, we could do so by
just adding the desired characters to the format string:
.. code:: yaml
formats:
- name: myformat
format: '% / %'
You may define as many custom formats as you wish. To apply changes to custom
formats, you will need to run the command :option:`traffic_ctl config reload`
after saving your changes to :file:`logging.yaml`.
.. _admin-logging-fields:
Log Fields
==========
The following sections detail all the available |TS| logging fields, broken
down into the following broad categories for (hopefully) easier reference:
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-auth`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-cache`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-txn`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-content-type`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-hierarchy`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-headers`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-methods`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-ids`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-lengths`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-collation`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-network`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-plugin`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-proto`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-request`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-ssl`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-status`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-tcp`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-time`
- :ref:`admin-logging-fields-urls`
Individual log fields are used within a log format string by enclosing them in
angle brackets and prefixing with a percent sign. For example, to use the log
field cqhl_ (the length in bytes of the client request headers), you
would do the following::
Format = '%'
Literal characters may be used, but they must be outside the log fields'
placeholders, as so::
Format = 'Client Header Length (bytes): %'
You may combine many fields into a single format string (logs wouldn't be very
useful if you couldn't). Some fields do require a little extra treatment, which
is noted clearly in their descriptions below. This affects, primarily, those
fields which provide access to HTTP header values as you need to specify which
header's value you wish to appear in the log data. For these, the header name
is noted inside the angle brackets, before the log field name, and are
enclosed within a curly braces pair. For example, to include the value of the
Age header from an origin server response you would do::
Format = '%<{Age}ssh>'
.. _admin-logging-fields-auth:
Authentication
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _caun:
These log fields provide access to various details of a client or proxy's
means of request authentication to their destination (whether it be the client
request to a proxy server, or the proxy server's request to an origin).
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
caun Client Request Authentication User name as a result of the RFC931/ident
lookup for the client-provided name.
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-cache:
Cache Details
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cluc:
.. _crc:
.. _crsc:
.. _chm:
.. _cwr:
.. _cwtr:
These log fields reveal details of the |TS| proxy interaction with its own
cache while attempting to service incoming client requests.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
cluc Client Request Cache Lookup URL, also known as the :term:`cache key`,
which is the canonicalized version of the client request
URL.
crc Proxy Cache Cache Result Code. The result of |TS| attempting to obtain
the object from cache; :ref:`admin-logging-cache-results`.
crsc Proxy Cache Cache Result Sub-Code. More specific code to complement the
Cache Result Code.
chm Proxy Cache Cache Hit-Miss status. Specifies the level of cache from
which this request was served by |TS|. Currently supports
only RAM (``HIT_RAM``) vs disk (``HIT_DISK``).
cwr Proxy Cache Cache Write Result. Specifies the result of attempting to
write to cache: not relevant (``-``), no cache write
(``WL_MISS``), write interrupted (``INTR``), error while
writing (``ERR``), or cache write successful (``FIN``).
cwt Proxy Cache Cache Write Transform Result.
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-txn:
Connections and Transactions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _sca:
.. _sstc:
.. _ccid:
.. _ctid:
The following log fields are used to list various details of connections and
transactions between |TS| proxies and origin servers.
===== ============== ==================================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==================================================================
sca Proxy Number of attempts within the current transaction by |TS|
in connecting to the origin server.
sstc Proxy Number of transactions between the |TS| proxy and the origin
server from a single session. Any value greater than zero
indicates connection reuse.
ccid Client Request Client Connection ID, a non-negative number for a connection,
which is different for all currently-active connections to
clients.
ctid Client Request Client Transaction ID, a non-negative number for a transaction,
which is different for all currently-active transactions on the
same client connection. For client HTTP/2 transactions, this
value is the stream ID for the transaction.
===== ============== ==================================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-content-type:
Content Types
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _psct:
Log fields used to reveal the HTTP content types in effect for transactions.
===== ====================== ==================================================
Field Source Description
===== ====================== ==================================================
psct Origin Server Response Content type of the document obtained by |TS| from
the origin server response.
===== ====================== ==================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-error-code:
Error Code
~~~~~~~~~~
.. _crec:
.. _ctec:
The log fields of error code which is triggered session close or
transaction close. The first byte of this field indicates that the error
code is session level (``S``) or transaction level (``T``).
When no error code is received or transmitted, these fileds are ``-``.
For HTTP/2, error code are described in RFC 7540 section 7.
===== =============== =========================================================
Field Source Description
===== =============== =========================================================
crec Client Request Error code in hex which |TS| received
ctec Client Response Error code in hex which |TS| transmitted
===== =============== =========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-hierarchy:
Hierarchical Proxies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _phr:
The log fields detail aspects of transactions involving hierarchical caches.
===== ====== ==================================================================
Field Source Description
===== ====== ==================================================================
phr Proxy Proxy Hierarchy Route. Specifies the route through configured
hierarchical caches used to retrieve the object.
===== ====== ==================================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-headers:
HTTP Headers
~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqh:
.. _pqh:
.. _psh:
.. _ssh:
.. _cssh:
.. _ecqh:
.. _epqh:
.. _epsh:
.. _essh:
.. _ecssh:
The following log tables provide access to the values of specified HTTP headers
from each phase of the transaction lifecycle. Unlike many of the other log
fields, these require a little extra notation in the log format string, so that
|TS| knows the individual HTTP header from which you aim to extract a value for
the log entry.
This is done by specifying the name of the HTTP header in curly braces, just
prior to the log field's name, as so::
Format = '%<{User-agent}cqh>'
The above would insert the User Agent string from the client request headers
into your log entry (or a blank string if no such header was present, or it did
not contain a value).
===== ====================== ==================================================
Field Source Description
===== ====================== ==================================================
cqh Client Request Logs the value of the named header from the
client's request to the |TS| proxy.
pqh Proxy Request Logs the value of the named header from the |TS|
proxy's request to the origin server.
psh Proxy Response Logs the value of the named header from the |TS|
proxy's response to the client.
ssh Origin Response Logs the value of the named header from the origin
server's response to the proxy.
cssh Cached Origin Response Logs the value of the named header from the
*cached* origin server response.
===== ====================== ==================================================
Each of these also includes a URI-encoded variant, which replaces various
characters in the string with entity encodings - rendering them safe for use in
URL path components or query parameters. The variants' names follow the pattern
of the origin field named prefixed with ``e``, as shown here:
============== ===================
Original Field URL-Encoded Variant
============== ===================
cqh ecqh
pqh epqh
psh epsh
ssh essh
cssh ecssh
============== ===================
.. _admin-logging-fields-methods:
HTTP Methods
~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqhm:
These fields are used to log information about the HTTP methods/verbs used by
requests.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
cqhm Client Request HTTP method used in the client request to the |TS| proxy
(e.g. ``GET``, ``POST``, etc.).
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-ids:
Identifiers
~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _crid:
.. _cruuid:
.. _puuid:
Logging fields used to obtain various unique identifiers for transactions or
objects.
====== ============== =========================================================
Field Source Description
====== ============== =========================================================
crid Client Request Sequence number of the current client request. Resets to
``0`` on every |TS| restart.
cruuid Client Request UUID of the current client request; generated by
concatenating the puuid_ and crid_ field values.
puuid Proxy Server UUID for the currently running :program:`traffic_server`
process. Regenerated on every |TS| startup.
====== ============== =========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-lengths:
Lengths and Sizes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqcl:
.. _cqhl:
.. _cqql:
.. _csscl:
.. _csshl:
.. _cssql:
.. _fsiz:
.. _pqcl:
.. _pqhl:
.. _pqql:
.. _pscl:
.. _pshl:
.. _psql:
.. _sscl:
.. _sshl:
.. _ssql:
These log fields are used to obtain various lengths and sizes of transaction
components (headers, content bodies, etc.) between clients, proxies, and
origins. Unless otherwise noted, all lengths are in bytes.
===== ====================== ==================================================
Field Source Description
===== ====================== ==================================================
cqcl Client Request Client request content length, in bytes.
cqhl Client Request Client request header length, in bytes.
cqql Client Request Client request header and content length combined,
in bytes.
csscl Cached Origin Response Content body length from cached origin response.
csshl Cached Origin Response Header length from cached origin response.
cssql Cached Origin Response Content and header length from cached origin
response.
fsiz Origin Size of the file as seen by the origin server.
pqcl Proxy Request Content body length of the |TS| proxy request to
the origin server.
pqhl Proxy Request Header length of the |TS| proxy request to the
origin server.
pqql Proxy Request Content body and header length combined, of the
|TS| request to the origin server.
pscl Proxy Response Content body length of the |TS| proxy response.
pshl Proxy Response Header length of the |TS| response to client.
psql Proxy Response Content body and header length combined of the
|TS| response to client.
sscl Origin Response Content body length of the origin server response
to |TS|.
sshl Origin Response Header length of the origin server response.
ssql Origin Response Content body and header length combined of the
origin server response to |TS|.
===== ====================== ==================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-collation:
Log Collation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _phn:
.. _phi:
Logging fields related to :ref:`admin-logging-collation`.
===== ====== ==================================================================
Field Source Description
===== ====== ==================================================================
phn Proxy Hostname of the |TS| node which generated the collated log entry.
phi Proxy IP of the |TS| node which generated the collated log entry.
===== ====== ==================================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-network:
Network Addresses, Ports, and Interfaces
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _chi:
.. _chih:
.. _hii:
.. _hiih:
.. _chp:
.. _php:
.. _pqsi:
.. _pqsp:
.. _pqsn:
.. _shi:
.. _shn:
The following log fields are used to log details of the network (IP) addresses,
incoming/outgoing ports, and network interfaces used during transactions.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
chi Client IP address of the client's host.
chih Client IP address of the client's host, in hexadecimal.
hii Proxy IP address for the proxy's incoming interface (to which
the client connected).
hiih Proxy IP address for the proxy's incoming interface (to which
the client connected), in hexadecimal.
chp Client Port number of the client's host.
php Proxy Response TCP port number from which |TS| serviced the request.
pqsi Proxy Request IP address from which |TS| issued the proxy request to the
origin server. Cache hits will result in a value of ``0``.
pqsp Proxy Request Port number from which |TS| issued the proxy request to
the origin server. Cache hits will yield a value of ``0``.
pqsn Proxy Request Host name of the interface from which |TS| issues the
proxy request to the origin server.
shi Origin Server IP address resolved via DNS by |TS| for the origin server.
For hosts with multiple IP addresses, the address used by
|TS| for the connection will be reported. See note below
regarding misleading values from cached documents.
shn Origin Server Host name of the origin server.
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. note::
This can be misleading for cached documents. For example: if the first
request was a cache miss and came from *IP1* for server *S* and the second
request for server *S* resolved to *IP2* but came from the cache, then the
log entry for the second request will show *IP2*.
.. _admin-logging-fields-plugin:
Plugin Details
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _piid:
.. _pitag:
Logging fields which may be used to obtain details of plugins involved in the
transaction.
===== ============ ============================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============ ============================================================
piid Proxy Plugin Plugin ID for the current transaction. This is set for
plugin driven transactions via
:c:func:`TSHttpConnectWithPluginId`.
pitag Proxy Plugin Plugin tag for the current transaction. This is set for
plugin driven transactions via
:c:func:`TSHttpConnectWithPluginId`.
===== ============ ============================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-proto:
Protocols and Versions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqhv:
.. _cqpv:
.. _csshv:
.. _sshv:
These logging fields may be used to determine which protocols and/or versions
were in effect for a given event.
===== ===================== ===================================================
Field Source Description
===== ===================== ===================================================
cqhv Client Request Client request HTTP version.
cqpv Client Request Client request protocol and version.
csshv Cached Proxy Response Origin server's HTTP version from cached version of
the document in |TS| proxy cache.
sshv Origin Response Origin server's response HTTP version.
===== ===================== ===================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-request:
Request Details
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqtx:
The following logging fields are used to obtain the actual HTTP request
details.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
cqtx Client Request The full HTTP client request text, minus headers, e.g.
``GET HTTP/1.0``. In reverse proxy
mode, |TS| logs rewritten/mapped URL (according to the
rules in :file:`remap.config`), not the pristine/unmapped
URL.
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-ssl:
SSL / Encryption
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqssl:
.. _cqssr:
.. _cqssv:
.. _cqssc:
.. _pqssl:
Fields which expose the use, or lack thereof, of specific SSL and encryption
features.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
cqssl Client Request SSL client request status indicates if this client
connection is over SSL.
cqssr Client Request SSL session ticket reused status; indicates if the current
request hit the SSL session ticket and avoided a full SSL
handshake.
cqssv Client Request SSL version used to communicate with the client.
cqssc Client Request SSL Cipher used by |TS| to communicate with the client.
pqssl Proxy Request Indicates whether the connection from |TS| to the origin
was over SSL or not.
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-status:
Status Codes
~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cfsc:
.. _csssc:
.. _pfsc:
.. _pssc:
.. _sssc:
.. _prrp:
These log fields provide a variety of status codes, some numeric and some as
strings, relating to client, proxy, and origin transactions.
===== ===================== ===================================================
Field Source Description
===== ===================== ===================================================
cfsc Client Request Finish status code specifying whether the client
request to |TS| was successfully completed
(``FIN``) or interrupted (``INTR``).
csssc Cached Proxy Response HTTP response status code of the origin server
response, as cached by |TS|.
pfsc Proxy Request Finish status code specifying whether the proxy
request from |TS| to the origin server was
successfully completed (``FIN``), interrupted
(``INTR``), or timed out (``TIMEOUT``).
prrp Proxy Response HTTP response reason phrase sent by |TS| proxy to the
client.
pssc Proxy Response HTTP response status code sent by |TS| proxy to the
client.
sssc Origin Response HTTP response status code sent by the origin server
to the |TS| proxy.
===== ===================== ===================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-tcp:
TCP Details
~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqtr:
The following logging fields reveal information about the TCP layer of client,
proxy, and origin server connections.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
cqtr Client Request TCP reused status of the connection between the client and
|TS| proxy, indicating whether the request was delivered
through an already established connection.
===== ============== ==========================================================
.. _admin-logging-fields-time:
Timestamps and Durations
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqtd:
.. _cqtn:
.. _cqtq:
.. _cqts:
.. _cqtt:
.. _crat:
.. _ms:
.. _msdms:
.. _stms:
.. _stmsh:
.. _stmsf:
.. _sts:
.. _ttms:
.. _ttmsh:
.. _ttmsf:
.. _tts:
The logging fields expose a variety of timing related information about client,
proxy, and origin transactions. Variants of some of the fields provide timing
resolution of the same underlying detail in milliseconds and seconds (both
fractional and rounded-down integers). These variants are particularly useful
in accomodating the emulation of other HTTP proxy softwares' logging formats.
Other fields in this category provide variously formatted timestamps of
particular events within the current transaction (e.g. the time at which a
client request was received by |TS|).
===== ======================= =================================================
Field Source Description
===== ======================= =================================================
cqtd Client Request Client request timestamp. Specifies the date of
the client request in the format ``YYYY-MM-DD``
(four digit year, two digit month, two digit day
- with leading zeroes as necessary for the latter
two).
cqtn Client Request Client request timestamp in the Netscape
timestamp format.
cqtq Client Request The time at which the client request was received
expressed as fractional (floating point) seconds
since midnight January 1, 1970 UTC (epoch), with
millisecond resolution.
cqts Client Request Same as cqtq_, but as an integer without
sub-second resolution.
cqth Client Request Same as cqts_, but represented in hexadecimal.
cqtt Client Request Client request timestamp in the 24-hour format
``hh:mm:ss`` (two digit hour, minutes, and
seconds - with leading zeroes as necessary).
crat Origin Response Retry-After time in seconds if specified in the
origin server response.
ms Proxy Timestamp in milliseconds of a specific milestone
for this request. See note below about specifying
which milestone to use.
msdms Proxy Difference in milliseconds between the timestamps
of two milestones. See note below about
specifying which miletones to use.
stms Proxy-Origin Connection Time (in milliseconds) spent accessing the origin
server. Measured from the time the connection
between proxy and origin is established to the
time it was closed.
stmsh Proxy-Origin Connection Same as stms_, but represented in hexadecimal.
stmsf Proxy-Origin Connection Same as stms_, but in fractional (floating point)
seconds.
sts Proxy-Origin Connection Same as stms_, but in integer seconds (no
sub-second precision).
ttms Client-Proxy Connection Time in milliseconds spent by |TS| processing the
entire client request. Measured from the time the
connection between the client and |TS| proxy was
established until the last byte of the proxy
response was delivered to the client.
ttmsh Client-Proxy Connection Same as ttms_, but represented in hexadecimal.
ttmsf Client-Proxy Connection Same as ttms_, but in fraction (floating point)
seconds.
tts Client Request Same as ttms_, but in integer seconds (no
sub-second precision).
===== ======================= =================================================
.. note::
Logging fields for transaction milestones require specifying which of the
milestones to use. Similar to how header logging fields are used, these log
fields take the milestone name(s) in between curly braces, immediately
before the logging field name, as so::
%<{Milestone field name}ms>
%<{Milestone field name1-Milestone field name2}msdms>
For more information on transaction milestones in |TS|, refer to the
documentation on :c:func:`TSHttpTxnMilestoneGet`.
.. _admin-logging-fields-urls:
URLs, Schemes, and Paths
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. _cqu:
.. _cquc:
.. _cqup:
.. _cqus:
.. _cquuc:
.. _cquup:
.. _cquuh:
These log fields allow capture of URLs, or components (such as schemes and
paths), from transactions processed by |TS|.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Field Source Description
===== ============== ==========================================================
cqu Proxy Request URI of the client request to |TS| (a subset of cqtx_). In
reverse proxy mode, |TS| logs the rewritten/mapped URL
(according to the rules in :file:`remap.config`), not the
pristine/unmapped URL.
cquc Client Request Canonical URL from the client request to |TS|. This field
differs from cqu_ by having its contents URL-escaped
(spaces and various other characters are replaced by
percent-escaped entity codes).
cqup Proxy Request Path component from the remapped client request.
cqus Client Request URL scheme from the client request.
cquuc Client Request Canonical (prior to remapping) effective URL from client request.
cquup Client Request Canonical (prior to remapping) path component from the
client request. Compare with cqup_.
cquuh Client Request Unmapped URL host from the client request.
===== ============== ==========================================================
Log Field Slicing
=================
It is sometimes desirable to slice a log field to limit the length of a given
log field's output.
Log Field slicing can be specified as below::
%
%<{field}container[start:end]>
Omitting the slice notation defaults to the entire log field.
Slice notation only applies to a log field that is of type string and can not
be applied to IPs or timestamp which are converted to string from integer.
The below slice specifiers are allowed.
``[start:end]``
Log field value from start through end-1
``[start:]``
Log field value from start through the rest of the string
``[:end]``
Log field value from the beginning through end-1
``[:]``
Default - entire Log field
Some examples below ::
'%' // the whole characters of .
'%[:]' // the whole characters of .
'%' // the first 30 characters of .
'%' // the last 10 characters of .
'%' // everything except the last 5 characters of .
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