ubuntu server 安装流媒体服务器Darwin Streaming Server

    最近我在研究流媒体服务器，用Win2003建比较容易，我在单位建了一个。但是我已经学了很长时间的Linux 还有PHP，总想在Ubuntu server上建个流媒体服务器，helix 的流媒体服务器就不说了，此服务器软件是要钱的。我就说说达尔文流媒体服务器 Darwin Streaming Server (简称DSS)。网上教程很多，我是参考了下面的文章才做成功的。首先感谢原著的作者，下文本人作了简单的修改，用文中的方法亲自试了好几次，发现是可行的！
OK, so you don’t necessarily call rtsp on Ubuntu QuickTime Streaming Server. Instead, you call it Darwin Streaming Server (DSS). But the end result is basically what you have exposed in Mac OS X Server, but running on Linux. You don’t have the same functionality in Server Admin, but it does work. And the key to what it does is use the rtsp protocol to stream supported files from the server to clients. It is a little tougher than just clicking on the start button, but too much tougher provided you follow these directions (thanks to the good folks of the DSS list that I’ve been a member of for a few years for taking such good notes, making this much simpler to write when I just have to move from Ubuntu 7 to 10.04). 

To get started (most all of this is going to need sudo or su), let’s use wget to download all the files that we’re going to need (except 1): 

    su 
    wget
    wget
    wget

Now let’s extract the tar file: 

    tar -xvf DarwinStreamingSrvr6.0.3-Source.tar 

Now let’s create our qtss user and group: 

    addgroup -system qtss 
    adduser -system -no-create-home -ingroup qtss qtss 

We’re going to need the build-essential package from apt-get, so let’s install that before moving on: 

    apt-get install build-essential 

The base 6.0.3 installer was only built for Mac OS X, so let’s apply the patches we used wget to pull down: 

    patch -p0 < dss-6.0.3.patch 
    patch -p0 < dss-hh-20080728-1.patch 

Now let’s cd into the actual dss installer directory and then grab a patched installer file, get rid of the old Install script and then grab a new one: 

    cd DarwinStreamingSrvr6.0.3-Source 
    mv Install Install.old 
    wget

Then we’ll make the Install script executable and run the Buildit (no, not Configure) then Install scripts: 

    chmod +x  Buildit Install 
    ./Buildit 
    ./Install 

Finally, fire up the DSS: 

    /usr/local/sbin/DarwinStreamingServer(本句命令我没有使用，DSS 会自动运行，如果重启了Ubuntu sever ，请运行‘./usr/local/sbin/streamingadminserver.pl’以手动启动DSS，当然也可加入自动运行。) 

Now you should be able to go to a standard Mac OS X client and run a port scan of the rtsp port, 554 using stroke (swap the 192.168.210.254 IP here with whatever IP or hostname that you’re using): （如果你启用了80端口，就用不着544了，前提是在Ubuntu Server 上你没开Apache）

    /Applications/Utilities/Network\ Utility.app/Contents/Resources/stroke 192.168.210.254 554 554 

DSS installs some sample movies into /usr/local/movies. Provided that the port is open, let’s open Safari and provide the following link to see if one of the stock sample movies will open: 

    rtsp://192.168.210.254/sample_h264_300kbit.mp4 

Provided that you see the sample movie from Apple then you can move the sample movies elsewhere and drop your own in here. You’ve now got a fully functional DSS. The DSS will stream .mov, .mp4 and .3gp files. If you enable the QTSSHttpFileModule you can also stream mp3 files. If you go into the /etc/streaming folder you will see a number of files that look similar to what you have been working with on Mac OS X Server (assuming you’ve been working with Mac OS X Server). In here, you’ll find the qtusers and qtgroups files for managing users and groups in rtsp as well as the streamingserver.xml file, which is where the modules are loaded and unloaded. In /var/streaming you’ll also find a directory called logs, which is interestingly enough where the logs reside and another directory called playlists, which is where you will drop playlists in the event that you decide to make your own radio station. My music tastes are bad enough where I’ve never really considered this, but feel free to get all WKRP in Cincinnati if you so choose, I promise not to judge (or maybe just a little)… 

You’ll also end up likely looking to embed these rtsp streams (that seems to be what everyone does). If so, get to know the XML structure: 

     
     
     

Ultimately, building and using QuickTime Streaming on Mac OS X Server is far superior in a number of ways to doing so in Linux. For starters, the steps here are all done by clicking on a Start button in Mac OS X Server. But even further than that, updates are even more rare to DSS. If you’re in the rack density game, a number of Mac mini servers in the right sized rack might just get you more bang for your square inch!