搭建CentOS在线yum源镜像服务器

• 系统环境：

  • 操作系统：CentOS 6.x
  • IP地址：192.168.21.188

• 实现目的：同步CentOS镜像站点的内容到此服务器，并且通过配置http服务器，能够向外提供yum服务

准备篇：

一、安装http服务器

• 这里使用Nginx服务器提供http服务

  关于Nginx服务器搭建，参考：

二、系统约定

• Nginx站点根目录:/usr/local/nginx/html

• 服务器执行脚本文件存放目录:/home/crontab

三、开始Nginx目录浏览功能

# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑配置文件，在http {下面添加以下内容：

  autoindex on; #开启nginx目录浏览功能

  autoindex_exact_size off; #文件大小从KB开始显示

  autoindex_localtime on; #显示文件修改时间为服务器本地时间

:wq! #保存，退出

# service nginx reload #重新加载配置

参考：Nginx开启目录浏览功能:

安装篇：

一、创建镜像文件存放目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/centos #CentOS官方标准源

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/repoforge #第三方rpmforge源

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/epel #第三方epel源

说明：这里创建三个文件夹，分别存放CentOS官方标准源、第三方的rpmforge源和epel源

二、确定以上三个yum源上游源的同步镜像地址

• CentOS官方标准源：rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/
• rpmforge源：rsync://mirrors.ispros.com.bd/repoforge/

• epel源：rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/

  备注：上游yum源必须要支持rsync协议，否则不能使用rsync进行同步。

• 参考：

  • CentOS官方标准源：

    rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos
    

  • rpmforge源：

    rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag
    

  • epel源：

    rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel
    

三、创建以上三个yum源同步脚本，并且设定脚本自动执行

# mkdir -p /home/crontab #创建目录
# vi /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #添加以下代码
  #!/bin/sh

 /usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/ --exclude-from=/usr/local/nginx/html/exclude_centos.list /usr/local/nginx/html/centos/

 /usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://mirrors.ispros.com.bd/repoforge/ --exclude-from=/usr/local/nginx/html/exclude_repoforge.list /usr/local/nginx/html/repoforge/

 /usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/ --exclude-from=/usr/local/nginx/html/exclude_epel.list /usr/local/nginx/html/epel/

:wq! #保存退出

chmod +x /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #添加脚本执行权限

备注：运行此脚本前，先要创建好同步目录及不需要同步的目录列表文件

# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/   #进入目录
# touch exclude_centos.list   #创建文件
# touch exclude_repoforge.list   #创建文件
# touch exclude_epel.list   #创建文件

把不需要同步的目录写到上面对应的文件中，每行一个目录,例如：

# vi exclude_epel.list

# 4/
# 4AS/
# 4ES/
# 4WS/

:wq! #保存退出

四、添加脚本定时执行任务

# vi /etc/crontab  #在最后一行添加以下代码

 0 1 * * * root /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #设置每天凌晨1点整开始执行脚本

:wq! #保存退出

# service crond restart #重启

测试篇：

一、安装rsync同步软件

# yum install rsync xinetd #安装

# vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync #编辑配置文件，设置开机启动rsync

 disable = no #修改为

# /etc/init.d/xinetd start #启动（CentOS中是以xinetd 来管理Rsync服务的）

:wq! #保存退出

二、执行同步脚本

# sh /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh

注意：等待脚本执行完毕，首次同步，耗费的时间比较长！

三、根据不同版本创建三个yum源的repo配置文件

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入目录
# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-bak

1. CentOS官方标准源：

   • CentOS 5.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
     
      # CentOS-Base.repo
     
      #
     
      # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
     
      # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
     
      # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
     
      # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
     
      #
     
      # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
     
      # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
     
      #
     
      #
     
     [base]
     
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com
     
     baseurl=
     
     #mirrorlist=
     
     gpgcheck=1
     
     gpgkey=
     
     #released updates
     
     [updates]
     
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com
     
     baseurl=
     
     #mirrorlist=
     
     gpgcheck=1
     
     gpgkey=
     
     #packages used/produced in the build but not released
     
     [addons]
     
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - huanqiu.com
     
     baseurl=
     
     #mirrorlist=
     
     gpgcheck=1
     
     gpgkey=
     
     #additional packages that may be useful
     
     [extras]
     
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com
     
     baseurl=
     
     #mirrorlist=
     
     gpgcheck=1
     
     gpgkey=
     
     #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
     
     [centosplus]
     
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com
     
     baseurl=
     
     #mirrorlist=
     
     gpgcheck=1
     
     enabled=0
     
     gpgkey=
     
     #contrib - packages by Centos Users
     
     [contrib]
     
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com
     
     baseurl=
     
     #mirrorlist=
     
     gpgcheck=1
     
     enabled=0
     
     gpgkey=
     

     :wq! #保存退出

   • CentOS 6.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
     
        # CentOS-Base.repo
     
        #
     
        # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
     
        # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
     
        # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
     
        # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
     
        #
     
        # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
     
        # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
     
        #
     
        #
     
        [base]
     
        name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com
     
        baseurl=
     
        #mirrorlist=
     
        gpgcheck=1
     
        gpgkey=
     
        #released updates
     
        [updates]
     
        name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com
     
        baseurl=
     
        #mirrorlist=
     
        gpgcheck=1
     
        gpgkey=
     
        #additional packages that may be useful
     
        [extras]
     
        name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com
     
        baseurl=
     
        #mirrorlist=
     
        gpgcheck=1
     
        gpgkey=
     
        #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
     
        [centosplus]
     
        name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com
     
        baseurl=
     
        #mirrorlist=
     
        gpgcheck=1
     
        enabled=0
     
        gpgkey=
     
        #contrib - packages by Centos Users
     
        [contrib]
     
        name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com
     
        baseurl=
     
        #mirrorlist=
     
        gpgcheck=1
     
        enabled=0
     
        gpgkey=
     

     :wq! #保存退出

   • CentOS 7.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
     
       # CentOS-Base.repo
     
       #
     
       # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
     
       # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
     
       # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
     
       # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
     
       #
     
       # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
     
       # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
     
       #
     
       #
     
       [base]
     
       name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
     
       #mirrorlist=
     
       baseurl=
     
       gpgcheck=1
     
       gpgkey=
     
       #released updates
     
       [updates]
     
       name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
     
       #mirrorlist=
     
       baseurl=
     
       gpgcheck=1
     
       gpgkey=
     
      #additional packages that may be useful
     
      [extras]
     
      name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
     
      #mirrorlist=
     
      baseurl=
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      gpgkey=
     
      #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
     
      [centosplus]
     
      name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
     
      #mirrorlist=
     
      baseurl=
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey=
     

     :wq! #保存退出

     • 或者参考：
       把里面的

2. rpmforge源：

   • CentOS 5.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码
     
      [rpmforge]
     
      name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
     
      baseurl = 
     
      enabled = 1
     
      protect = 0
     
      gpgkey=
     
      gpgcheck = 1
     
      [rpmforge-extras]
     
      name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
     
      baseurl = 
     
      enabled = 0
     
      protect = 0
     
      gpgkey=
     
      gpgcheck = 1
     
     [rpmforge-testing]
     
     name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
     
     baseurl = 
     
     enabled = 0
     
     protect = 0
     
     gpgkey=
     
     gpgcheck = 1
     

     :wq! #保存退出

   • CentOS 6.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码
     
       [rpmforge]
     
       name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
     
       baseurl = 
     
       enabled = 1
     
       protect = 0
     
       gpgkey=
     
       gpgcheck = 1
     
       [rpmforge-extras]
     
       name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
     
       baseurl = 
     
       enabled = 0
     
       protect = 0
     
       gpgkey=
     
       gpgcheck = 1
     
       [rpmforge-testing]
     
       name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
     
       baseurl = 
     
       enabled = 0
     
       protect = 0
     
       gpgkey=
     
       gpgcheck = 1
     

     :wq! #保存退出

   • CentOS 7.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码
     
        [rpmforge]
     
        name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
     
        baseurl = 
     
        enabled = 1
     
        protect = 0
     
        gpgkey=
     
        gpgcheck = 1
     
        [rpmforge-extras]
     
        name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
     
        baseurl = 
     
        enabled = 0
     
        protect = 0
     
        gpgkey=
     
        gpgcheck = 1
     
        [rpmforge-testing]
     
        name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
     
        baseurl = 
     
        enabled = 0
     
        protect = 0
     
        gpgkey=
     
        gpgcheck = 1
     

     :wq! #保存退出

3. epel源：

   • CentOS 5.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码
     
      [epel]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch
     
      baseurl=
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=1
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      gpgkey =
     
      [epel-debuginfo]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Debug
     
      baseurl=/debug
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey =
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      [epel-source]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Source
     
      baseurl=
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey =
     
      gpgcheck=1
     

     :wq! #保存退出

   • CentOS 6.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码
     
      [epel]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
     
      baseurl=
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=1
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      gpgkey =
     
      [epel-debuginfo]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Debug
     
      baseurl=/debug
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey =
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      [epel-source]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Source
     
      baseurl=
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey =
     
      gpgcheck=1
     

     :wq! #保存退出

   • CentOS 7.x系列：

     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码
     
      [epel]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
     
      baseurl=
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=1
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      gpgkey =
     
      [epel-debuginfo]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
     
      baseurl=/debug
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey =
     
      gpgcheck=1
     
      [epel-source]
     
      name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
     
      baseurl=
     
      failovermethod=priority
     
      enabled=0
     
      gpgkey =
     
      gpgcheck=1
     

     :wq! #保存退出

四、测试yum源是否配置正确

当前系统版本为CentOS 6.x，以此为例

1. 添加CentOS-Base.repo

   # cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
   # mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
   # vi CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
   
     # CentOS-Base.repo
   
     #
   
     # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
   
     # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
   
     # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
   
     # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
   
     #
   
     # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
   
     # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
   
     #
   
     #
   
     [base]
   
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com
   
     baseurl=
   
     #mirrorlist=
   
     gpgcheck=1
   
     gpgkey=
   
     #released updates
   
     [updates]
   
     name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com
   
    baseurl=
   
    #mirrorlist=
   
    gpgcheck=1
   
    gpgkey=
   
    #additional packages that may be useful
   
    [extras]
   
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com
   
    baseurl=
   
    #mirrorlist=
   
    gpgcheck=1
   
    gpgkey=
   
    #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
   
    [centosplus]
   
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com
   
    baseurl=
   
    #mirrorlist=
   
   gpgcheck=1
   
   enabled=0
   
   gpgkey=
   
   #contrib - packages by Centos Users
   
   [contrib]
   
   name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com
   
   baseurl=
   
   #mirrorlist=
   
   gpgcheck=1
   
   enabled=0
   
   gpgkey=
   

   :wq! #保存退出

2. 添加rpmforge.repo

   # vi rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码
   
    [rpmforge]
   
    name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
   
    baseurl = 
   
    enabled = 1
   
    protect = 0
   
    gpgkey=
   
    gpgcheck = 1
   
    [rpmforge-extras]
   
    name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
   
    baseurl = 
   
    enabled = 0
   
    protect = 0
   
    gpgkey=
   
    gpgcheck = 1
   
    [rpmforge-testing]
   
    name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
   
    baseurl = 
   
    enabled = 0
   
    protect = 0
   
    gpgkey=
   
    gpgcheck = 1
   

   :wq! #保存退出

3. 添加epel.repo

   # vi epel.repo #添加以下代码
   
    [epel]
   
    name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
   
    baseurl=
   
    failovermethod=priority
   
    enabled=1
   
    gpgcheck=1
   
    gpgkey =
   
    [epel-debuginfo]
   
    name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Debug
   
    baseurl=/debug
   
    failovermethod=priority
   
    enabled=0
   
    gpgkey =
   
    gpgcheck=1
   
    [epel-source]
   
    name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Source
   
    baseurl=
   
   failovermethod=priority
   
   enabled=0
   
   gpgkey =
   
   gpgcheck=1
   

   :wq! #保存退出

4. 清除缓存，列出可用源软件包

   # yum clean all #清除当前yum缓存
   # yum makecache #缓存yum源中的软件包信息
   # yum repolist #列出yum源中可用的软件包
   

5. 使用yum命令安装软件

   # yum install php #测试CentOS官方标准源
   # yum install htop #测试rpmforge源
   # yum install nginx #测试epel源
   

至此，搭建CentOS在线yum源镜像服务器完成
此教程来源: