English study for unit 1-3

Unit 1

Brazilian
British
night
afternoon
Canadian
Australian
morning
French
American
The UK
The US
Italian
Japanese
evening

I eat breakfast in the morning
I eat lunch in the afternoon
I go to bed at night
 
What is your name?
Where are you from?
Where do you live?
How old are you?
What's your phone number?

Hi,my name’s John. I’m twenty-five. I’m from London,England, but I live in New York.
There are five people in my family:my mother,father,sister,grandfather and I. My sister is twenty-nine.
She lives in Paris, France. My mother,father and grandfather live in London. What’s your name? Where are you from? 
 
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
Good evening.
这些问候的实际意思是 hello，但指明了一天中的时间。
但是，
Good night.
是一天结束时的最后问候。

 
A:Good morning. 
B:Good morning. 
A:How are you? 
B:I’m fine thanks.How are you? 
A:Fine thanks. Ben, this is Sergei. Sergei, this is Ben. 
B:How do you do? 
C:How do you do. 
B:Where are you from, Sergei? 
C:I’m from Russia. 

1. 如果疑问词如what, where, how,与动词to be一起用于疑问句的开头，则动词直接跟在疑问词的后面。
例如：
What is your name?
Where are you from?
How are you?
2. 如果疑问句中有其他动词，如 live、spell，则可使用助动词 do。
例如：
Where do you live?
How do you spell your name?
3. 如果是yes或no疑问句，则动词放于疑问句的开头。注意动词和主语:you, he等如何转换。
You are from Canada. > Are you from Canada?
He is French. > Is he French?
请记住： 在疑问句的句末加问号 (?)。

Lucy:So, that’s Andrea, that’s Wong and that’s Ono.
Jenny: Uh-huh.
L: Andrea’s nineteen. She’s  Brazilian .
J:  Brazilian ?
L: Yeah. She’s really nice. She can speak three languages: Portuguese, Spanish and  English .
J: Wow.
L: Wong’s  Chinese . She’s from Shanghai.
J: Shanghai? Cool.
L: Yeah. Wong’s seventeen. She can speak  Chinese and English. And… Ono is Japanese. He’s twenty-two. His family lives in Tokyo.
J: Tokyo…
L: Right. But he’s from Kobe.
J: Kobe?
L: Yeah. K-O-B-E. It’s a city in Japan.
J: Oh.
L: Ono can speak  Japanese ,  Korean and English.

 

Unit 2

用英语表达时间的最简单方式是：
hour + minute
例如：
1:15 = one fifteen
9:30 = nine thirty
11:45 = eleven forty-five
请看问题和答案：
A: What time is it?
B: It's 1.15 ('one fifteen').

A: What time do you have breakfast?
B: I have breakfast at 7 o’clock in the morning.
A: What time do you go to work?
B: I go to work at eight fifteen.
A: What time do you have lunch?
B: I have lunch at one o’clock in the afternoon.
A: What time do you have dinner?
B: I have dinner at six forty-five.
A: What do you do in the evening?
B: At eight o’clock in the evening I play computer games.

第一和第三人称形式
英语中动词形式的变化取决于主语。 对于规则动词，主语为 he、she 和 it 时加 s。
例如：
I play soccer.
He plays soccer.
They play soccer.
It grows fast.
但若为不规则动词，则应遵循其各自的规则。
例如：
I have a meeting.
He has a meeting.
We have a meeting.
She has a meeting.
I go to school.
She goes to school.
They go to school.
We are late.
It is late.

I go to work at seven in the morning.
He  goes to work at seven in the morning.
I have breakfast at 7 o’clock in the morning.
She  has breakfast at 7 o’clock in the morning.
I go to work at eight fifteen.
He  goes to work at eight fifteen.
I  play tennis at one o’clock on Sunday.
She plays tennis at one o’clock on Sunday.
I have lunch at one o’clock in the afternoon.
He  has lunch at one o’clock in the afternoon.
At eight o’clock in the evening, I  play computer games.
At eight o’clock in the evening, she plays computer games.

In、at、on + time
介词 in、at 和 on 用于谈论时间；不同的时间类型使用不同的介词。
in
+ 一天中的时间：
in the morning
in the afternoon
in the evening
+ 月份：
in January
in December
at
+ 时间：
at one o'clock (1.00 o'clock)
at three thirty (3.30)
+ 晚上；+ 周末
at night
at the weekend (UK English)
on
+ 天
on Monday
on Saturday
on the weekend (US English)

星期一： Mon.=Monday
星期二： Tues.=Tuesday
星期三： Wed.=Wednesday
星期四： Thur.=Thursday
星期五： Fri.=Friday
星期六： Sat.=Saturday
星期天： Sun.=Sunday

一月:January    Jan
二月:February   Feb
三月:March      Mar
四月:April      Apr
五月:May        May
六月:June       Jun
七月:July       Jul
八月:August     Aug
九月:September  Sept
十月:October    Oct
十一月:November Nov
十二月:December Dec

注意基数变为序数时，单词的变化情况：
one > first (1st)
two > second (2nd)
three > third (3rd)
four > fourth (4th)
five > fifth (5th)
ten > tenth (10th)
eleven > eleventh (11th)
twelve > twelfth (12th)

十九以上的数字均遵循相同的模式，例如：
twenty-one > twenty-first (21st)
thirty-two > thirty-second (32nd)
forty-three > forty-third (43rd)
fifty-four > fifty-fourth (54th)

使用 12 小时制有两种不同方式可表达时间。

1. 依次说出数字：
12:15 -  twelve fifteen
12:30 -  twelve thirty
12:45 -  twelve forty-five
2. 使用 past、to、half 和 a quarter：
12:15 -  a quarter past twelve
12:30 -  half past twelve
12:45 -  a quarter to one
如第二个范例所述表达时间时，一小时的前三十分钟通常用past，而后三十分钟则用to:
3:05 -  five past three
3:25 -  twenty-five past three
3:35 -  twenty-five to four
3:55 -  five to four
如果时钟指示 15 或 45，则我们会说 a quarter。如果时钟指示 30，则我们会说 half：
3:15 -  a quarter past three
3:45 -  a quarter to four
3:30 -  half past three  

Andrew: Uh-huh. And what do you do in the afternoon?
Andrew: What time do you go to bed?
Jessica: I have lunch at one o'clock, then I have a meeting at half past two. I go home at a quarter to six.
Jessica: In the evening? Well, at six o'clock I watch TV then at half past seven I have dinner.
Andrew: What do you do in the morning?
Jessica: I get up at eight o'clock. I have breakfast at half past eight, then I go to work at a quarter past nine.
Andrew: What do you do in the evening?
Jessica: I go to bed at a quarter to eleven.

Unit 3
great grandparents
grandparents, grandpa, grandma
parent, father, dad, mother, mom, uncle, aunt
siblings(兄弟姐妹), brother, sister, cousin
brother-in-law(姐夫),sister-in-law（嫂嫂）
children, son, daughter, nephew（外甥）, neice（外甥女）
grandson, granddaughter
in-laws, father-in-law, mother-in-law
step son, step daughter, step father,
是你和离异有子女的人结婚以后,那些子女就是你的step son, step daughter

new
old
ugly
long
clean
dirty(脏)
big
small
cheap
expensive
slim
tall
short
fat
thin

nose
eyes
eyebrow
eyelash
face
ears
hair
head
mouth
lip(唇)
tongue（舌头）
tooth(teeth)
chin(下巴)
neck
shoulder
chest
arm
hand
finger
leg
foot

brown
white
black
blue
yellow
red
green
pink
orange
purple
gold
gray
silver(银色)
indigo(青)
light-blue（浅蓝）
dark-blue，navy（深蓝）

bathroom
bedroom
kichenroom
living room
dining room

furniture:
chair
window
table
bed
closet
sofa
computer
toilet
lamp
shower
sink
refrigerator
microwave
rug
stove
curtains
mirror

 

在英语中，使用短语 yellow hair 是不正确的。而 blond 用于描述男士的头发，blonde 用于描述女士的头发。例如：
He has blond hair.
She has blonde hair.

动词to be和to have用于描述物理性质和属性。他们有如下的结构：
主语 + am / is / are + 形容词
My cousin is tall and slim.
I am short.
主语 have / has + 名词
She has black hair.
I have brown hair.
动词to be 用于描述某人的年龄。
My aunt is 43 years old.

Does the bathroom have a shower? Yes, it does .
Does the living room have a TV? Yes, it does .
Do you have a mirror in your kitchen? No, I don't .
Does Tim have a sofa in his bedroom? Yes, he does .
Do you have a computer in your bedroom? Yes, I do .
Does Jane have a dining room in her house? No, she doesn't .

Dear Ms Chen,
I have a clean, comfortable apartment that meets your requirements.
It has two  bedrooms , a living room and a  balcony .
It's  furnished , with a new sofa, chairs, a table, curtains and a bed.
It is  1800 dollars per month.
 Best regards.

My bedroom is yellow with a  green carpet and my bed and desk are  blue .
The living room is cream with a brown rug and  red sofa.
The bathroom is  white and blue.
The kitchen is painted cream and the fittings are  black and red.

cheap-expensive
comfortable-uncomfortable
clean-dirty
modern-old fashioned
old-new
beautiful-ugly

opposite
next to
on
under
between
near
behind

On 通常表示: 位于某物上方。
There is a rug on the floor.
Under往往表示某人或某物 位于其它东西下。
There is a fireplace under the picture.
Opposite表示在某人或某物对面而不是在另一边。
The sofas are opposite each other.
Next to用于描述2个人或物体非常 靠近彼此, 他们之间什么都没有。
The small plant is next to the fireplace.
Between往往表示该位置将2个地方，人或事物分开。
The table is between the 2 sofas.
In front of用于表达某人或某物靠近其它人或物的前方 。
The chair is in front of the window.
Behind意思是在什么后边。
The large plant is behind the lamp.

 

 

My girlfriend Emma is tall and slim.She has brown eyes and yellow hair.
She is 25 years old.She has a small nose.

1.It has three bedrooms, a living room with a balcony, a big modern kitchen, a dining room and two bathrooms.
2.Wow,that's big! What's your favorite room, Emma?
3.I love the living room. It  has big glass doors that open onto the balcony and  there's also a great big red sofa, that's very comfortable.
4.Sounds great!  What's the kitchen like?
5.Well,it's a bit too modern for us. We'd prefer something more old-fashioned.

A:Oh, by the way. I have a new apartment. 
B:Really? Where is it?
A:It's on Main Street, next to the library. 
B:Nice. What's it like? 
A:It has three bedrooms and two bathrooms.
B:That's a pretty big apartment.
A:My wife's parents are living with us.
B:Do you like the apartment?
A:I do. It's big and very comfortable. I really love my bedroom. 
B:What's your bedroom like?
A:It's painted light blue. It has a big bed and big, sunny windows. By the way, where are you living now? 
B:My apartment's on Station Street.
A:Really? What's it like? 
B:It's big. It has three bedrooms.