引言:
CentOS自带的yum源中rpm包数量有限,很多时候找不到我们需的软件包,(例如:要安装网络连接查看软件iftop,默认设置下无法使用yum命令安装),下面教大家在CentOS 6.2中(以32位系统为例,64位系统安装方法一样),使用第三方yum源来安装更多软件包。
一、安装CentOS yum源优先级插件yum-priorities
yum install yum-priorities #输入y安装
二、设置CentOS默认yum源的优先级为最高
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cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入yum源目录
vi CentOS-Base.repo #在[base]、[updates]、[extras]组下面添加priority=1,在[centosplus]、[contrib]组下面添加priority=2
################################################################
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=
#baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
priority=1
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=
#baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
priority=1
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=
#baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
priority=1
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=
#baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
priority=2
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
mirrorlist=
#baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
priority=2
###############################################################
备注:priority的优先级为1到99,设置为1即优先级最高,1-10为系统保留,第三方yum源的优先级从11-99
三、安装epel yum源
rpm -ivh
rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #修改epel yum源优先级,priority=11
###############################################################
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
#baseurl=
mirrorlist=
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
priority=11
#################################################################
四、安装rpmforge yum源
wget
wget
rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.i686.rpm
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #修改rpmforge yum源优先级,priority=12
#################################################################
[rpmforge]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
baseurl =
mirrorlist =
#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck = 1
priority=12
#################################################################
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五、安装rpmfusion yum源
rpm -ivh
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmfusion-free-updates-testing.repo #修改rpmfusion yum源优先级,priority=13
#################################################################
[rpmfusion-free-updates-testing]
name=RPM Fusion for EL 6 - Free - Test Updates
#baseurl=
mirrorlist=
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmfusion-free-el-6
priority=13
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#################################################################
六、安装atomic yum源
wget #下载
sh ./atomic #安装
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/atomic.repo #修改atomic yum源优先级,priority=14
##############################################################
[atomic]
name = CentOS / Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - atomicrocketturtle.com
mirrorlist =
#mirrorlist =
enabled = 1
priority = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY.art.txt
gpgcheck = 1
priority=14
##############################################################
七、更新yum软件包
yum check-update
八、安装iftop
yum install iftop
至此,CentOS 第三方yum源配置完成,现在你可以用yum命令安装自己需要的软件了!比如yum install nginx、yum update php等安装或者升级软件包。
######################################################################################
扩展阅读:
在使用yum update php命令升级php的同时,mysql也被升级到了最新版,升级好之后重启mysql,有可能会出现下面
的错误信息,导致mysql启动失败。
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
解决方法(切记,操作前,一定备份mysql数据库):
rm -fr /var/lib/mysql/* #删除目录
rm /var/lock/subsys/mysqld #删除目录
killall mysqld #结束mysql进程
service mysqld start #启动mysql
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld status #查看mysql状态
mysql_secure_installation #重置Mysql数据库密码
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