nginx和php之间通讯方式之unix socket（/dev/shm）

前面整理了下nginx和php之间两种不同的通讯方式。《nginx和php之间通讯方式之unix socket》

这次主要记录下挂载在/dev/shm下的socket方式

1./dev/shm介绍

<1>tmpfs是一个虚拟文件系统，它的存储空间都在内存中，系统默认挂载点/dev/shm

      默认大小是RAM（内存）的一半。

<2>所以我们可以直接在/dev/shm下使用创建文件，而不用再mkfs格式化文件系统

      因为都是在内存中操作。所以/dev/shm下的文件I/O速度相对很快

利用这点。我们可以把php.socket放在/dev/shm下加速工作效率

下面是nginx和php的编译安装步骤：

一。编译安装nginx

<1>安装nginx所需的pcre库  //服务器中如果已经安装，忽略此步骤

    tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz

    cd pcre-8.10/
    ./configure
    make && make install

<2>安装nginx

    tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz

    cd nginx-0.8.46/

    ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

    make && make install

<3>修改nginx.conf

user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
  include mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  charset  utf-8;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length  1k;
  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

  server
  {
    listen 80;
    server_name  zs.center.test.com
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /data/nginx;

    location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
    {
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }
    log_format  access_gm  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/gm.log  access_gm;
   }
}

<4>添加修改/etc/init.d/下的nginx启动

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

#nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
nginx="/usr/local/nginx-0.7/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

sysconfig="/etc/sysconfig/$prog"
lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/nginx"
#pidfile="/var/run/${prog}.pid"
pidfile="/usr/local/nginx-0.7/logs/${prog}.pid"

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx-0.7/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f $sysconfig ] && . $sysconfig


start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p $pidfile $prog
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    #configtest_q || return 6
    stop
        sleep 2
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest_q || return 6
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p $pidfile $prog -HUP
    echo
}

configtest() {
    $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

configtest_q() {
    $nginx -t -q -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

# Upgrade the binary with no downtime.
upgrade() {
    local oldbin_pidfile="${pidfile}.oldbin"

    configtest_q || return 6
    echo -n $"Upgrading $prog: "
    killproc -p $pidfile $prog -USR2
    retval=$?
    sleep 1
    if [[ -f ${oldbin_pidfile} && -f ${pidfile} ]];  then
        killproc -p $oldbin_pidfile $prog -QUIT
        success $"$prog online upgrade"
        echo
        return 0
    else
        failure $"$prog online upgrade"
        echo
        return 1
    fi
}

# Tell nginx to reopen logs
reopen_logs() {
    configtest_q || return 6
    echo -n $"Reopening $prog logs: "
    killproc -p $pidfile $prog -USR1
    retval=$?
    echo
    return $retval
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest|reopen_logs)
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload|upgrade)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        upgrade
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    status|status_q)
        rh_$1
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        restart
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|configtest|status|force-reload|upgrade|restart|reopen_logs}"
        exit 2
esac

<5>启动 nginx

    /etc/init.d/nginx start   

    Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

二。编译安装php(fastcgi,php-fpm) 

<1>检查安装所需要的库

     libiconv libmcrypt mhash mcrypt

<2>编译php  

    tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz

    gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1

    cd php-5.2.14/

    //根据自己的需求添加不同的功能插件

    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql /bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap

    make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
    make install
    cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

<3>安装php扩展模块，php加速器  //根据自己的需求

    tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
    cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
    /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
    ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
    make&&make install

<4>修改php.ini php-fpm.conf

    php-fpm.conf中主要修改：

    5

    www

    www

<5>启动php

    /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm restart

   Shutting down php_fpm . done
   Starting php_fpm  done

三。修改配置文件 使用/dev/shm/php.socket方式通讯

<1>修改nginx.conf

server
    {
    listen 8081;
    server_name 61.147.69.165;
    index index.php index.html;
    root /home/lostpz/tools/html;
    location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
    {
    #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php.socket;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi_params;
    }
    }

<2>修改php-fpm.conf

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
<value name="listen_address">/dev/shm/php.socket</valu>

<3>重启nginx 、php-fpm

   /etc/init.d/nginx reload     [  OK  ]

   /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm restart    [  OK  ]
<4>此时可看到/dev/shm/目录下多了个php.socket文件

   修改此文件的属主，和nginx、php-cgi一致

   chown www. /dev/shm/php.socket

四。通过压力测试对比nginx和php-cgi的三种通讯方式：http、放在普通目录下的php.socket、放在/dev/shm/下的php.socket

    测试结果可通过下面的链接查看-->nginx和php之间通讯方式(压力测试性能比较)