一、遇到的场景
1> Table A left join Table B on Condition and ...
2> Table A left join Table B on Condition where ...
二、举个实例
创建两个表及相关的内容如下
- CREATE TABLE `product` (
- `pid` int(4) NOT NULL auto_increment,
- `pname` char(20) default NULL,
- `pcode` char(20) default NULL,
- PRIMARY KEY (`pid`)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
- CREATE TABLE `sales_detail` (
- `aid` int(4) NOT NULL auto_increment,
- `pcode` char(20) default NULL,
- `saletime` date default NULL,
- PRIMARY KEY (`aid`)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
- INSERT INTO `product` VALUES ('1', 'A', 'AC');
- INSERT INTO `product` VALUES ('2', 'B', 'DE');
- INSERT INTO `product` VALUES ('3', 'C', 'XXX');
- INSERT INTO `sales_detail` VALUES ('1', 'AC', '2012-07-23');
- INSERT INTO `sales_detail` VALUES ('2', 'DE', '2012-07-16');
- INSERT INTO `sales_detail` VALUES ('3', 'AC', '2012-07-05');
- INSERT INTO `sales_detail` VALUES ('4', 'AC', '2012-07-05');
left join里面带and的查询
SELECT p.pname,p.pcode,s.saletime from product as p left join sales_detail as s on (s.pcode=p.pcode) and s.saletime in ('2012-07-23','2012-07-05');
查出来的结果:
+-------+-------+------------+
| pname | pcode | saletime |
+-------+-------+------------+
| A | AC | 2012-07-23 |
| A | AC | 2012-07-05 |
| A | AC | 2012-07-05 |
| B | DE | NULL |
| C | XXX | NULL |
+-------+-------+------------+
直接where条件查询
SELECT p.pname,p.pcode,s.saletime from product as p left join sales_detail as s on (s.pcode=p.pcode) where s.saletime in ('2012-07-23','2012-07-05');
查询出来的结果
+-------+-------+------------+
| pname | pcode | saletime |
+-------+-------+------------+
| A | AC | 2012-07-23 |
| A | AC | 2012-07-05 |
| A | AC | 2012-07-05 |
+-------+-------+------------+
结论:on中的条件关联,一表数据不满足条件时会显示空值。where则输出两表完全满足条件数据。
我的理解:
left join里面的条件:会以左表的基准数据,凡左表出现的数据均要出现,然后再进行join右表,只要关联上的就需要查出来,如果相应的字段没有值或不符合条件的话就置为NULL。
SELECT p.pname,p.pcode,s.saletime from product as p left join sales_detail as s on (s.pcode=p.pcode) ;光左连接的话显示的内容如下
+-------+-------+------------+
| pname | pcode | saletime |
+-------+-------+------------+
| A | AC | 2012-07-23 |
| A | AC | 2012-07-05 |
| A | AC | 2012-07-05 |
| B | DE | 2012-07-16 | 这里面有值
| C | XXX | NULL | 这里面没有值
+-------+-------+------------+
有值但是不符合条件的话就置为NULL。如果没有值肯定为NULL
如果是where条件的话就肯定是要满足才行。
应用场景:比如有个主表,那以主表为基准去显示数据可以考虑left join的方式处理
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