S3C6410开发全纪录（一）《还原SD卡启动的真相》

前章我们也大致分析了SD卡的启动过程，在具体进行问题的定位及解决的过程中，发现还是有很多不明确的地方，网上的文章也多是人云亦云让我们来一步一步搞清楚S3C6410 SD卡启动的步骤及过程（我这里的开发板为OK6410，256M+1G的配置，SD卡为2G，MMC）

一、开发板跳线，从SD卡启动

查看《OK6410开发板LINUX2.6用户手册.pdf》 将跳线设置为 11111000 （从左到右为 pin8 到 pin1的设置，别搞反了）
这些设置可以在s3c6410的datasheet中查到，打开《s3c6410_rev12.pdf》125页
Table 3-1. Device operating mode selection at boot-up
从这里可以看到，最后3个位为0，表示从SD/MMC(CH0)启动

查看《OK6410开发板LINUX2.6用户手册.pdf》 将跳线设置为 11111000 （从左到右为 pin8 到 pin1的设置，别搞反了） 这些设置可以在s3c6410的datasheet中查到，打开《s3c6410_rev12.pdf》125页 Table 3-1. Device operating mode selection at boot-up 从这里可以看到，最后3个位为0，表示从SD/MMC(CH0)启动

修改UBOOT，让它支持从SD卡读取数据，并将自己自举到内存
当我们设置完CPU的跳线，CPU已经清楚要从哪里去取第一条指,S3C6410到底是怎么工作的呢
之前找到过一篇参考文章 《S3C2450_IROM_ApplicationNote_Rev003.pdf》
这次找到了官方的文档更清楚的说明了这一切《S3C6410_Internal_ROM_Booting.pdf》
在文档中我们看到CPU上电之后的启动过程如下

修改UBOOT，让它支持从SD卡读取数据，并将自己自举到内存 当我们设置完CPU的跳线，CPU已经清楚要从哪里去取第一条指,S3C6410到底是怎么工作的呢 之前找到过一篇参考文章 《S3C2450_IROM_ApplicationNote_Rev003.pdf》 这次找到了官方的文档更清楚的说明了这一切《S3C6410_Internal_ROM_Booting.pdf》 在文档中我们看到CPU上电之后的启动过程如下

①  iROM supports initial boot up,initialize system clock,D-TCM,device specific controller and bootin device.
②  iROM boot codes can load 4KB of bootloader to stepping stone. The 8KB boot loader is called BL1
③  BL1: BL1 can initialize system clock, UART, and SDRAM for user. After initializing, BL1 will load remaining boot loader which is called BL2 on the SDRAM
④  Finally, jump to start address of BL2. That will make good environment to use system.

① iROM supports initial boot up,initialize system clock,D-TCM,device specific controller and bootin device. ② iROM boot codes can load 4KB of bootloader to stepping stone. The 8KB boot loader is called BL1 ③ BL1: BL1 can initialize system clock, UART, and SDRAM for user. After initializing, BL1 will load remaining boot loader which is called BL2 on the SDRAM ④ Finally, jump to start address of BL2. That will make good environment to use system.

按照这个启动过程，我们必须准备好8K的引导代码在BL1，
用来初始化系统，始终，串口，SDRAM等，并且将完整的BootLoader放在BL2上

2.7 Boot Block Assignment Guide 中有详细的描述

2G以下 SD/MMC 的卡的存储结构
SD/MMC 1Block = 512 Byte
=========================================================================================
|                                    SD/MMC Device                                      |
=========================================================================================
|                  | Recommendation |                    Mandatory                      |
| User File System |=====================================================================
|                  | Kernel |  BL2  | BL1(8K)  | Signature(512Byte) | Reserved(512Byte) |
|                  |        |       | 16 Block |       1 Block      |     1 Block       |
=========================================================================================

有了这个大致的印象，我们先放一下，下面我们来修改UBOOT的代码

按照这个启动过程，我们必须准备好8K的引导代码在BL1， 用来初始化系统，始终，串口，SDRAM等，并且将完整的BootLoader放在BL2上 2.7 Boot Block Assignment Guide 中有详细的描述 2G以下 SD/MMC 的卡的存储结构 SD/MMC 1Block = 512 Byte ========================================================================================= | SD/MMC Device | ========================================================================================= | | Recommendation | Mandatory | | User File System |===================================================================== | | Kernel | BL2 | BL1(8K) | Signature(512Byte) | Reserved(512Byte) | | | | | 16 Block | 1 Block | 1 Block | ========================================================================================= 有了这个大致的印象，我们先放一下，下面我们来修改UBOOT的代码

二、修改UBOOT代码

s3c6410的uboot源码见最后的参考资料
修改makefile 交叉工具链的绝对路径（嘿嘿，这个交叉工具链当然是俺自己做的交叉工具链了，参考前面篇BLOG）

ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
endif

CROSS_COMPILE = /opt/cross_toolchains/arm/4.6.1/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-

s3c6410的uboot源码见最后的参考资料 修改makefile 交叉工具链的绝对路径（嘿嘿，这个交叉工具链当然是俺自己做的交叉工具链了，参考前面篇BLOG） ifeq ($(ARCH),arm) CROSS_COMPILE = arm-none-linux-gnueabi- endif CROSS_COMPILE = /opt/cross_toolchains/arm/4.6.1/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-

修改 include/configs/smdk6410.h 打开 #define CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND 这个宏，并屏蔽其他的启动选项
在UBOOT的代码中，将IROM的启动模式称之为MOVINAND

修改 include/configs/smdk6410.h 打开 #define CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND 这个宏，并屏蔽其他的启动选项 在UBOOT的代码中，将IROM的启动模式称之为MOVINAND

这个UBOOT就已经可以从SD卡启动了，S3C6410具体又是怎么工作的呢？

在 cpu/s3c64xx/start.S 中我们看到如下这段

#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND
        ldr     sp, _TEXT_PHY_BASE
        bl      movi_bl2_copy
        b       after_copy
#endif

在 cpu/s3c64xx/start.S 中我们看到如下这段 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND ldr sp, _TEXT_PHY_BASE bl movi_bl2_copy b after_copy #endif

分析 movi_bl2_copy 函数

cpu/s3c64xx/movi.c 中 void movi_bl2_copy(void) 中定义如下

cpu/s3c64xx/movi.c 中 void movi_bl2_copy(void) 中定义如下

#if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400)
        CopyMovitoMem(MOVI_BL2_POS, MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT, (uint *)BL2_BASE, CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ, MOVI_INIT_REQUIRED);
#else
        writel(readl(HM_CONTROL4) | (0x3 << 16), HM_CONTROL4);
        CopyMovitoMem(HSMMC_CHANNEL, MOVI_BL2_POS, MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT, (uint *)BL2_BASE, MOVI_INIT_REQUIRED);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400) CopyMovitoMem(MOVI_BL2_POS, MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT, (uint *)BL2_BASE, CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ, MOVI_INIT_REQUIRED); #else writel(readl(HM_CONTROL4) | (0x3 << 16), HM_CONTROL4); CopyMovitoMem(HSMMC_CHANNEL, MOVI_BL2_POS, MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT, (uint *)BL2_BASE, MOVI_INIT_REQUIRED); #endif

确定MOVI_BL2_POS的值

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BL2_POS     (MOVI_LAST_BLKPOS - MOVI_BL1_BLKCNT - MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT - MOVI_ENV_BLKCNT)

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_LAST_BLKPOS (MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT - (eFUSE_SIZE / MOVI_BLKSIZE))

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BL1_BLKCNT  (SS_SIZE / MOVI_BLKSIZE)

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT  (((PART_ZIMAGE_OFFSET - PART_UBOOT_OFFSET) / MOVI_BLKSIZE) - MOVI_ENV_BLKCNT)

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_ENV_BLKCNT  (CFG_ENV_SIZE / MOVI_BLKSIZE)

./include/movi.h
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND
#define MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT       *((volatile unsigned int*)(TCM_BASE - 0x4))
#define MOVI_HIGH_CAPACITY      *((volatile unsigned int*)(TCM_BASE - 0x8))
#else
#define MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT       7864320 // 7864320 // 3995648 // 1003520 /* static movinand total block count: for writing to movinand when nand boot */
#define MOVI_HIGH_CAPACITY      0
#endif

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BLKSIZE           512

./include/movi.h
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6430)
#define TCM_BASE                0x0C004000
#define BL2_BASE                0x57E00000
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2450) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2416)
#define TCM_BASE                0x40004000
#define BL2_BASE                0x33E00000
#else
# error TCM_BASE or BL2_BASE is not defined
#endif

./include/movi.h
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400)
#define SS_SIZE                 (4 * 1024)
#define eFUSE_SIZE              (2 * 1024)      // 1.5k eFuse, 0.5k reserved
#else
#define SS_SIZE                 (8 * 1024)
#define eFUSE_SIZE              (1 * 1024)      // 0.5k eFuse, 0.5k reserved`
#endif

./include/movi.h:#define PART_ZIMAGE_OFFSET     0x40000

./include/movi.h:#define PART_UBOOT_OFFSET      0x0

./include/configs/smdk6410.h:#define CFG_ENV_SIZE               0x4000  /* Total Size of Environment Sector */

./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BL2_POS (MOVI_LAST_BLKPOS - MOVI_BL1_BLKCNT - MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT - MOVI_ENV_BLKCNT) ./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_LAST_BLKPOS (MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT - (eFUSE_SIZE / MOVI_BLKSIZE)) ./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BL1_BLKCNT (SS_SIZE / MOVI_BLKSIZE) ./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT (((PART_ZIMAGE_OFFSET - PART_UBOOT_OFFSET) / MOVI_BLKSIZE) - MOVI_ENV_BLKCNT) ./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_ENV_BLKCNT (CFG_ENV_SIZE / MOVI_BLKSIZE) ./include/movi.h #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND #define MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT *((volatile unsigned int*)(TCM_BASE - 0x4)) #define MOVI_HIGH_CAPACITY *((volatile unsigned int*)(TCM_BASE - 0x8)) #else #define MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT 7864320 // 7864320 // 3995648 // 1003520 /* static movinand total block count: for writing to movinand when nand boot */ #define MOVI_HIGH_CAPACITY 0 #endif ./include/movi.h:#define MOVI_BLKSIZE 512 ./include/movi.h #if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6430) #define TCM_BASE 0x0C004000 #define BL2_BASE 0x57E00000 #elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2450) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2416) #define TCM_BASE 0x40004000 #define BL2_BASE 0x33E00000 #else # error TCM_BASE or BL2_BASE is not defined #endif ./include/movi.h #if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400) #define SS_SIZE (4 * 1024) #define eFUSE_SIZE (2 * 1024) // 1.5k eFuse, 0.5k reserved #else #define SS_SIZE (8 * 1024) #define eFUSE_SIZE (1 * 1024) // 0.5k eFuse, 0.5k reserved` #endif ./include/movi.h:#define PART_ZIMAGE_OFFSET 0x40000 ./include/movi.h:#define PART_UBOOT_OFFSET 0x0 ./include/configs/smdk6410.h:#define CFG_ENV_SIZE 0x4000 /* Total Size of Environment Sector */

确定BL2_BASE的值

./include/movi.h
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6430)
#define TCM_BASE                0x0C004000
#define BL2_BASE                0x57E00000
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2450) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2416)
#define TCM_BASE                0x40004000
#define BL2_BASE                0x33E00000
#else
# error TCM_BASE or BL2_BASE is not defined
#endif

./include/movi.h #if defined(CONFIG_S3C6400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C6430) #define TCM_BASE 0x0C004000 #define BL2_BASE 0x57E00000 #elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2450) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2416) #define TCM_BASE 0x40004000 #define BL2_BASE 0x33E00000 #else # error TCM_BASE or BL2_BASE is not defined #endif

经过计算我们可以看出，这里决定CopyMovitoMem的功能，是TCM_BASE - 0x4，这个地址的寄存器的值（隐含的也告诉我们UBOOT编译出来之后不得大于256k）

《S3C6410_Internal_ROM_Booting.pdf》中看到

0x0C003FFC globalBlockSizeHide Total block count of the MMC device

这个值，具体的为，256K（根据打印可以得出，没找到具体的说明）

MOVI_BL2_BLKCNT 的值为 ( (0x40000-0)/512 - (0x4000/512) ) = 512 -32 （个扇区）

网上大多数资料写到CopyMovitoMem是将256k的数据搬运到内存中，从这个计算上我们可以看出实际这个结论是错的

在这里只搬运了 256k-16k的数据到内存

在MOVI_BL2_POS的定义中做了相应的处理，以保证位置的正确性

编译uboot，生成u-boot.bin

make smdk6410_config
make -j4

make smdk6410_config make -j4

三、将修改好的UBOOT烧录到SD卡中

生成的uboot-bin是不是直接可以烧录到SD卡中呢？

有现成的工具IROM_Fusing_Tool.exe（开源的，可以找到源代码），但这个工具烧录的是nb0文件

实际上nb0文件的结构是：256k+8k 这样的一个形式，在Linux系统可以通过下面这个脚本来生成nb0文件

#!/bin/sh
rm -rf temp x* u-boot_256k.bin u-boot_8k.bin u-boot_mmc.nb0
cat u-boot.bin >> temp
cat u-boot.bin >> temp
split -b 256k temp
mv xaa u-boot_256k.bin
split -b 8k u-boot.bin
mv xaa u-boot_8k.bin
cat u-boot_256k.bin > u-boot_mmc.nb0
cat u-boot_8k.bin >> u-boot_mmc.nb0

#!/bin/sh rm -rf temp x* u-boot_256k.bin u-boot_8k.bin u-boot_mmc.nb0 cat u-boot.bin >> temp cat u-boot.bin >> temp split -b 256k temp mv xaa u-boot_256k.bin split -b 8k u-boot.bin mv xaa u-boot_8k.bin cat u-boot_256k.bin > u-boot_mmc.nb0 cat u-boot_8k.bin >> u-boot_mmc.nb0

我想直接将uboot-bin烧录到SD卡中，使用脚本太麻烦，于是我打算自己写一个烧录工具，关键代码如下

需要说明的是，我这里使用的是VC6，WINDOWS XP，VC6对磁盘IO的操作本身支持并不是非常好，有很多扩展的定义，功能都无法使用，这里很多都我手工添加进去的

如果使用的是VC2003及以上版本，会简单一些

DWORD CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::BlockDataRead(char cPart,DWORD dwBlockIndex,DWORD dwReadCount,BYTE* pBuffer)
{
    CString devName;
    devName.Format("\\\\.\\%c:",cPart);
    HANDLE hDevice = CreateFile(devName,GENERIC_READ,FILE_SHARE_READ,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL);
    DWORD dwFilePointer = SetFilePointer(hDevice,dwBlockIndex*512, 0,FILE_BEGIN);
    DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
    BOOL bRead = ReadFile(hDevice,pBuffer,dwReadCount,&dwBytesRead,NULL);
    if(bRead == FALSE)
    {
        DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
    }
    CloseHandle(hDevice);
    return dwBytesRead;
}

DWORD CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::BlockDataRead(char cPart,DWORD dwBlockIndex,DWORD dwReadCount,BYTE* pBuffer) { CString devName; devName.Format("\\\\.\\%c:",cPart); HANDLE hDevice = CreateFile(devName,GENERIC_READ,FILE_SHARE_READ,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL); DWORD dwFilePointer = SetFilePointer(hDevice,dwBlockIndex*512, 0,FILE_BEGIN); DWORD dwBytesRead = 0; BOOL bRead = ReadFile(hDevice,pBuffer,dwReadCount,&dwBytesRead,NULL); if(bRead == FALSE) { DWORD dwError = GetLastError(); } CloseHandle(hDevice); return dwBytesRead; }

DWORD CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::BlockDataWrite(ULONG nPhysicalDriveNumber,DWORD dwBlockIndex,BYTE* pData,DWORD dwDataLen)
{
    if( (dwDataLen % 512) != 0 ) dwDataLen = ( (dwDataLen / 512) + 1 ) * 512;
    CString devName;
    devName.Format("\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive%d",nPhysicalDriveNumber);
    HANDLE hDevice = CreateFile(devName,GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL);
    DWORD dwFilePointer = SetFilePointer(hDevice,dwBlockIndex*512, 0,FILE_BEGIN);

    DWORD dwBytesWrite = 0;
    BOOL bWrite = WriteFile(hDevice,pData,dwDataLen,&dwBytesWrite,NULL);
    if(bWrite == FALSE)
    {
        DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
    }

    CloseHandle(hDevice);
    return dwBytesWrite;
}

DWORD CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::BlockDataWrite(ULONG nPhysicalDriveNumber,DWORD dwBlockIndex,BYTE* pData,DWORD dwDataLen) { if( (dwDataLen % 512) != 0 ) dwDataLen = ( (dwDataLen / 512) + 1 ) * 512; CString devName; devName.Format("\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive%d",nPhysicalDriveNumber); HANDLE hDevice = CreateFile(devName,GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL); DWORD dwFilePointer = SetFilePointer(hDevice,dwBlockIndex*512, 0,FILE_BEGIN); DWORD dwBytesWrite = 0; BOOL bWrite = WriteFile(hDevice,pData,dwDataLen,&dwBytesWrite,NULL); if(bWrite == FALSE) { DWORD dwError = GetLastError(); } CloseHandle(hDevice); return dwBytesWrite; }

看到区别了吗？这里要非常非常注意！

Write函数中devName的构建形式与Read函数中的不一样，这个问题让我调试了很久，如果在Write函数中使用Read函数的构建形式，则会遇到WriteFile工作不正常的现象

具体为：在操作最后若干个扇区时，bWrite 等于 TRUE，dwBytesWrite却为0（为什么？还没能深究下去）

另外，如果要写入的数据长度不是512的整数倍，一定要进行处理，否则会引起GetLastError是87，参数错误

因为所有的FLASH，最小的扇区时512字节，则最少要以512个字节作为一次操作单位

（文件系统帮我们解决了这些问题，我们现在是对磁盘裸的操作，所以不能按照有文件系统的想法来考虑这个问题）

下面是Write函数构造devName时需要用到的函数

ULONG CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::GetPhysicalDriveNumber(char cPart)
{
    typedef struct _DISK_EXTENT {
      ULONG         DiskNumber;
      LARGE_INTEGER StartingOffset;
      LARGE_INTEGER ExtentLength;
    } DISK_EXTENT, *PDISK_EXTENT;


    typedef struct _VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS {
      ULONG       NumberOfDiskExtents;
      DISK_EXTENT Extents[ANYSIZE_ARRAY];
    } VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS, *PVOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS;

    #define VOLUMEDISKSIZE (sizeof(VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS))

    #define IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS 5636096

    CString devName;
    devName.Format("\\\\.\\%c:",cPart);
    HANDLE hDevice = CreateFile(devName, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL );

    VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS volumeData;
    DWORD dwOut = 0;
    DeviceIoControl( hDevice, IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS,NULL, 0, &volumeData, VOLUMEDISKSIZE, &dwOut, NULL );
    CloseHandle( hDevice );

    return volumeData.Extents[0].DiskNumber;
}

ULONG CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::GetPhysicalDriveNumber(char cPart) { typedef struct _DISK_EXTENT { ULONG DiskNumber; LARGE_INTEGER StartingOffset; LARGE_INTEGER ExtentLength; } DISK_EXTENT, *PDISK_EXTENT; typedef struct _VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS { ULONG NumberOfDiskExtents; DISK_EXTENT Extents[ANYSIZE_ARRAY]; } VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS, *PVOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS; #define VOLUMEDISKSIZE (sizeof(VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS)) #define IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS 5636096 CString devName; devName.Format("\\\\.\\%c:",cPart); HANDLE hDevice = CreateFile(devName, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL ); VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS volumeData; DWORD dwOut = 0; DeviceIoControl( hDevice, IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS,NULL, 0, &volumeData, VOLUMEDISKSIZE, &dwOut, NULL ); CloseHandle( hDevice ); return volumeData.Extents[0].DiskNumber; }

下面这段代码是用来获得，所有插入的U盘（可移动磁盘,注意下面的判断）的盘符

void CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::OnButtonGetdriverinfo()
{
    // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
    // 获取所有的盘符
    m_cbList.ResetContent();
    DWORD dwStrLen = GetLogicalDriveStrings(0,NULL);
    char* pString = new char[dwStrLen+1];
    memset(pString,0,dwStrLen+1);
    GetLogicalDriveStrings(dwStrLen+1,pString);

    char *pNow = pString;
    while(TRUE)
    {
        if(pNow >= (pString+dwStrLen-1)) break;
        DWORD dwRet = GetDriveType(pNow);
        if(dwRet == DRIVE_REMOVABLE)
        {
            m_cbList.InsertString(0,pNow);
        }
        pNow += strlen(pNow);
        pNow ++;
    }

    delete[] pString;

    m_cbList.SetCurSel(0);
    m_cbList.SetFocus();

    WriteLog("U盘检查完成");
}

void CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::OnButtonGetdriverinfo() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here // 获取所有的盘符 m_cbList.ResetContent(); DWORD dwStrLen = GetLogicalDriveStrings(0,NULL); char* pString = new char[dwStrLen+1]; memset(pString,0,dwStrLen+1); GetLogicalDriveStrings(dwStrLen+1,pString); char *pNow = pString; while(TRUE) { if(pNow >= (pString+dwStrLen-1)) break; DWORD dwRet = GetDriveType(pNow); if(dwRet == DRIVE_REMOVABLE) { m_cbList.InsertString(0,pNow); } pNow += strlen(pNow); pNow ++; } delete[] pString; m_cbList.SetCurSel(0); m_cbList.SetFocus(); WriteLog("U盘检查完成"); }

最后是写入代码，在这里我们会要求SD卡首先会被各式化成FAT32各式，以便我们能去读取FTA32文件分配表中MBR的部分

void CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::OnButtonOp()
{
    // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here

    int nCurSel = m_cbList.GetCurSel();
    if(nCurSel == -1)
    {
        MessageBox("探测磁盘信息");
        return;
    }

    CString strBootFilePath;
    m_eBootFilePath.GetWindowText(strBootFilePath);
    if(strBootFilePath == "")
    {
        MessageBox("请先选择需要烧录的引导文件");
        return;
    }

    // 获得驱动器盘符
    CString strText;
    m_cbList.GetLBText(m_cbList.GetCurSel(),strText);
    char cPart = strText[0];

    // 获得 PhysicalDriveNumber
    ULONG nPhysicalDriveNumber = GetPhysicalDriveNumber(cPart);

    // 读取 0 扇区 mbr
    BYTE szMbr[512];
    memset(szMbr,0,sizeof(szMbr));
    DWORD dwReturn = BlockDataRead(cPart,0,sizeof(szMbr),szMbr);
    if(dwReturn != sizeof(szMbr))
    {
        MessageBox("Read MBR error.","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONERROR);
        return;
    }
    {
        CString strLog;
        strLog.Format("读取MBR成功");
        WriteLog(strLog);
    }

    // 判断是否为 fat32
    // FAT16 为 0x36 0x37 0x38 0x39 0x3a 0x3b
    char szFs[6];
    szFs[0] = szMbr[0x52];
    szFs[1] = szMbr[0x53];
    szFs[2] = szMbr[0x54];
    szFs[3] = szMbr[0x55];
    szFs[4] = szMbr[0x56];
    szFs[5] = '\0';

    if ( strcmp(szFs,"FAT32") != 0)
    {
        MessageBox("请将SD卡格式化为FAT32文件系统","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONINFORMATION);
        return;
    }

    // 获得磁盘的扇区总数
    //1CH-1FH   4  本分区隐含扇区数
    //20H-23H   4  该盘实际使用扇区数（不包括隐含扇区）

    DWORD count_block_hidden = 0;
    memcpy(&count_block_hidden,&szMbr[0x1c],sizeof(count_block_hidden));

    DWORD count_block = 0;
    memcpy(&count_block,&szMbr[0x20],sizeof(count_block));

    DWORD count_block_total = count_block_hidden + count_block;

    // 另一种方法 获得 扇区总数
    // #define IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX 458912
    //  struct _DISK_GEOMETRY_EX
    // {    DISK_GEOMETRY  Geometry;
    //  LARGE_INTEGER  DiskSize;
    //  UCHAR  Data[1];
    // } DiskEX;
    // DeviceIoControl(hDevice,IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX,NULL,0,(LPVOID)&DiskEX,sizeof(DiskEX),(LPDWORD)&bytesReturned,NULL);

    // 读取 u-boot.bin 文件
    // 最大 256k
    #define MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT 0x40000
    BYTE buffer_utoot[MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT];
    memset(buffer_utoot,0,sizeof(buffer_utoot));

    CFile cf;
    cf.Open(strBootFilePath,CFile::modeRead);

    DWORD uboot_size = min(MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT,cf.GetLength());

    cf.Read(buffer_utoot,uboot_size);
    cf.Close();

    // 将引导程序 uboot-bin 写入相应的位置
    DWORD bl2_begin = count_block_total-1-1-16-512;
    DWORD bl1_begin = count_block_total-1-1-16;

    dwReturn = BlockDataWrite(nPhysicalDriveNumber,bl1_begin,buffer_utoot,8192);
    if(dwReturn != 8192)
    {
        MessageBox("写入引导8k字节失败");
        return;
    }
    {
        CString strLog;
        strLog.Format("写入引导8k字节成功");
        WriteLog(strLog);
    }
    dwReturn = BlockDataWrite(nPhysicalDriveNumber,bl2_begin,buffer_utoot,uboot_size);

    if(dwReturn < uboot_size)
    {
        MessageBox("写入引导失败");
        return;
    }
    {
        CString strLog;
        strLog.Format("引导文件写入完成，磁盘总扇区数：%d",count_block_total);
        WriteLog(strLog);
    }
}

void CSC6410BootLoaderWriterDlg::OnButtonOp() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here int nCurSel = m_cbList.GetCurSel(); if(nCurSel == -1) { MessageBox("探测磁盘信息"); return; } CString strBootFilePath; m_eBootFilePath.GetWindowText(strBootFilePath); if(strBootFilePath == "") { MessageBox("请先选择需要烧录的引导文件"); return; } // 获得驱动器盘符 CString strText; m_cbList.GetLBText(m_cbList.GetCurSel(),strText); char cPart = strText[0]; // 获得 PhysicalDriveNumber ULONG nPhysicalDriveNumber = GetPhysicalDriveNumber(cPart); // 读取 0 扇区 mbr BYTE szMbr[512]; memset(szMbr,0,sizeof(szMbr)); DWORD dwReturn = BlockDataRead(cPart,0,sizeof(szMbr),szMbr); if(dwReturn != sizeof(szMbr)) { MessageBox("Read MBR error.","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONERROR); return; } { CString strLog; strLog.Format("读取MBR成功"); WriteLog(strLog); } // 判断是否为 fat32 // FAT16 为 0x36 0x37 0x38 0x39 0x3a 0x3b char szFs[6]; szFs[0] = szMbr[0x52]; szFs[1] = szMbr[0x53]; szFs[2] = szMbr[0x54]; szFs[3] = szMbr[0x55]; szFs[4] = szMbr[0x56]; szFs[5] = '\0'; if ( strcmp(szFs,"FAT32") != 0) { MessageBox("请将SD卡格式化为FAT32文件系统","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONINFORMATION); return; } // 获得磁盘的扇区总数 //1CH-1FH 4 本分区隐含扇区数 //20H-23H 4 该盘实际使用扇区数（不包括隐含扇区） DWORD count_block_hidden = 0; memcpy(&count_block_hidden,&szMbr[0x1c],sizeof(count_block_hidden)); DWORD count_block = 0; memcpy(&count_block,&szMbr[0x20],sizeof(count_block)); DWORD count_block_total = count_block_hidden + count_block; // 另一种方法 获得 扇区总数 // #define IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX 458912 // struct _DISK_GEOMETRY_EX // { DISK_GEOMETRY Geometry; // LARGE_INTEGER DiskSize; // UCHAR Data[1]; // } DiskEX; // DeviceIoControl(hDevice,IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX,NULL,0,(LPVOID)&DiskEX,sizeof(DiskEX),(LPDWORD)&bytesReturned,NULL); // 读取 u-boot.bin 文件 // 最大 256k #define MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT 0x40000 BYTE buffer_utoot[MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT]; memset(buffer_utoot,0,sizeof(buffer_utoot)); CFile cf; cf.Open(strBootFilePath,CFile::modeRead); DWORD uboot_size = min(MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT,cf.GetLength()); cf.Read(buffer_utoot,uboot_size); cf.Close(); // 将引导程序 uboot-bin 写入相应的位置 DWORD bl2_begin = count_block_total-1-1-16-512; DWORD bl1_begin = count_block_total-1-1-16; dwReturn = BlockDataWrite(nPhysicalDriveNumber,bl1_begin,buffer_utoot,8192); if(dwReturn != 8192) { MessageBox("写入引导8k字节失败"); return; } { CString strLog; strLog.Format("写入引导8k字节成功"); WriteLog(strLog); } dwReturn = BlockDataWrite(nPhysicalDriveNumber,bl2_begin,buffer_utoot,uboot_size); if(dwReturn < uboot_size) { MessageBox("写入引导失败"); return; } { CString strLog; strLog.Format("引导文件写入完成，磁盘总扇区数：%d",count_block_total); WriteLog(strLog); } }

到这里，我们就可以完全分析清楚，并可以自主的制作一个S3C6410的启动SD卡了，附后为一些参考资料，这里没办法贴附件，问题给我留言吧

后面的内容中，我们将进入UBOOT，对UBOOT进行修改，请关注下一节《如何计算内存大小，并在UBOOT中调整内存大小》

四、参考资料

下载 uboot1.1.6 （支持 movinand）

使uboot支持S3C6410的SD启动

http://blog.csdn.net/zwj0403/article/details/6420245

《S3C6410_Internal_ROM_Booting.pdf》

《s3c6410_rev12.pdf》

《smdk6410_users_manual_rev1.0.pdf》

《K4X51163PC.pdf》

《OK6410开发板LINUX2.6用户手册.pdf》

《OK6410开发板硬件手册2.1.pdf》