Windows Phone7推送通知服务

跟林永坚老师说wp7

概述：

• 为什么使用推送服务
• 推送通知服务的原理
• 使用规范
• 消息类型（Raw Notification，Toast Notification,tile Notification）
• 定时更新Tile

首先为什么使用推送服务？Windows Phone执行模型决定了只有一个第三方的应用可以在前台运行，所以第三方的应用就不能在后台不断的往cloud拉数据，微软提供推送通知服务给第三方应用取得更新通知的消息，服务器主动发起通信，可以减少电池的消耗，

那么推送通知服务的过程和原理是怎样的 呢：

• WP设备到MPNS注册PN服务，并得到唯一的URI，
• Wp设备吧服务URI传递给Cloud服务，并注册
• 当有更新消息发生时，Cloud往MPNS发送通知
• MPNS把消息把更新通知发送到WP设备上

使用规范：

wp7.0版本只支持最多15个推送通知服务，所以最好询问用户是否使用推送通知服务，为用户提供取消订阅的选项

消息类型：

• Raw Notification：可以发送任何格式的数据，应用程序可以根据需要加工数据，只有在程序运行的时候才接收消息
• Toast Notification：发送的数据指定为XML,如果程序正在运行，消息发送到应用中，如果程序没有在运行，弹出Toast 消息框显示消息，
• Tile Notification:发送的数据指定为XML，程序运行时不会接收消息，只有程序被Pin To Start时，更新数据才会发送到Start Screen的 Tile里面，包含三个属性：背景，标题，数目，每个属性都有固定的格式与位置，可以使用其中的属性，不一定三个一起使用,

Xaml.cs代码：

?

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Net;

using System.Windows;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Windows.Documents;

using System.Windows.Input;

using System.Windows.Media;

using System.Windows.Media.Animation;

using System.Windows.Shapes;

using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using Microsoft.Phone.Notification;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.IO;

using System.Text;

namespace PushNotifications

{

public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage

{

HttpNotificationChannel httpchanel;

string channelname = "channel1";

// Constructor

public MainPage()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

httpchanel = HttpNotificationChannel.Find(channelname);

if (httpchanel != null)

{

httpchanel.Close();

httpchanel.Dispose();

}

httpchanel = new HttpNotificationChannel(channelname, "NotificationService");

httpchanel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler(httpchanel_ChannelUriUpdated);

httpchanel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler(httpchanel_ErrorOccurred);

httpchanel.HttpNotificationReceived += new EventHandler(httpchanel_HttpNotificationReceived);

//程序运行时处理toast;

httpchanel.ShellToastNotificationReceived += new EventHandler(httpchanel_ShellToastNotificationReceived);

httpchanel.Open();

//程序不在运行时处理toast;

httpchanel.BindToShellToast();

//程序不在运行时处理toast;

httpchanel.BindToShellTile();

}

void httpchanel_ShellToastNotificationReceived(object sender, NotificationEventArgs e)

{

StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder();

string relativeUri = string.Empty;

message.AppendFormat("Received Toast {0}:\n", DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString());

// Parse out the information that was part of the message.

foreach (string key in e.Collection.Keys)

{

message.AppendFormat("{0}: {1}\n", key, e.Collection[key]);

if (string.Compare(

key,

"wp:Param",

System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,

System.Globalization.CompareOptions.IgnoreCase) == 0)

{

relativeUri = e.Collection[key];

}

}

// Display a dialog of all the fields in the toast.

Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(message.ToString()));

}

void httpchanel_HttpNotificationReceived(object sender, HttpNotificationEventArgs e)

{

using(var Reader=new StreamReader(e.Notification.Body))

{

string msg = Reader.ReadToEnd();

Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => {

MessageBox.Show(msg);

});

}

}

void httpchanel_ErrorOccurred(object sender, NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs e)

{

Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(()=>{

MessageBox.Show(e.Message);

});

}

void httpchanel_ChannelUriUpdated(object sender, NotificationChannelUriEventArgs e)

{

Debug.WriteLine("ChannelUri{0}", e.ChannelUri);

}

}

}

　　

xaml代码：

?

x:Class="PushNotifications.MainPage"

xmlns=""

xmlns:x=""

xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"

xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"

xmlns:d=""

xmlns:mc=""

mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="480" d:DesignHeight="768"

FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"

FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"

Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"

SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"

shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

　　云端程序处理代码：

?

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Net;

using System.IO;

namespace CloudServer

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void SendRawMsg(byte[] bytes)

{

HttpWebRequest sendrequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(textBox1.Text);

sendrequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Http.Post;

sendrequest.Headers["X-MessageID"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

sendrequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=utf-8";

sendrequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "3");

sendrequest.ContentLength = bytes.Length;

byte[] notificationmsg = bytes;

using (Stream requeststream = sendrequest.GetRequestStream())

{

requeststream.Write(notificationmsg, 0, notificationmsg.Length);

}

HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendrequest.GetResponse();

string msgstatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];

string channelstatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];

string devicestatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];

label6.Text = string.Format("消息状态:{0},管道状态：{1},设备连接状态：{2}", msgstatus, channelstatus, devicestatus);

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

string msg = string.Format("消息类型：{0}{1}{2},{3}度", comboBox1.Text, comboBox2.Text, comboBox3.Text, textBox5.Text);

string type = comboBox1.Text.ToUpper();

MessageBox.Show(type);

if (type == "RAW")

{

byte[] strbytes = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(msg);

SendRawMsg(strbytes);

}

if (type == "TOAST")

{

string toastMessage = "" +

"" +

"" +

"天气更新" +

"" + msg + "" +

" " +

"";

byte[] strbytes = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(toastMessage);

SendToastMsg(strbytes);

}

if (type == "TILE")

{

string tileMessage = "" +

"" +

"" +

"Red.jpg" +

"" + msg + "" +

" " +

"";

byte[] strbytes = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(tileMessage);

SendTileMsg(strbytes);

}

}

private void SendTileMsg(byte[] tile)

{

try

{

// Get the URI that the Microsoft Push Notification Service returns to the push client when creating a notification channel.

// Normally, a web service would listen for URIs coming from the web client and maintain a list of URIs to send

// notifications out to.

string subscriptionUri = textBox1.Text;

HttpWebRequest sendNotificationRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(subscriptionUri);

// Create an HTTPWebRequest that posts the toast notification to the Microsoft Push Notification Service.

// HTTP POST is the only method allowed to send the notification.

sendNotificationRequest.Method = "POST";

// The optional custom header X-MessageID uniquely identifies a notification message.

// If it is present, the same value is returned in the notification response. It must be a string that contains a UUID.

sendNotificationRequest.Headers["X-MessageID"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

// Set the notification payload to send.

byte[] notificationMessage = tile;

// Set the web request content length.

sendNotificationRequest.ContentLength = notificationMessage.Length;

sendNotificationRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";

sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-WindowsPhone-Target", "token");

sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "1");

using (Stream requestStream = sendNotificationRequest.GetRequestStream())

{

requestStream.Write(notificationMessage, 0, notificationMessage.Length);

}

// Send the notification and get the response.

HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendNotificationRequest.GetResponse();

string notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];

string notificationChannelStatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];

string deviceConnectionStatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];

// Display the response from the Microsoft Push Notification Service.

// Normally, error handling code would be here. In the real world, because data connections are not always available,

// notifications may need to be throttled back if the device cannot be reached.

label6.Text = notificationStatus + " | " + deviceConnectionStatus + " | " + notificationChannelStatus;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

label6.Text = "Exception caught sending update: " + ex.ToString();

}

}

private void SendToastMsg(byte[] toastmsg)

{

try

{

// Get the URI that the Microsoft Push Notification Service returns to the push client when creating a notification channel.

// Normally, a web service would listen for URIs coming from the web client and maintain a list of URIs to send

// notifications out to.

string subscriptionUri = textBox1.Text;

HttpWebRequest sendNotificationRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(subscriptionUri);

// Create an HTTPWebRequest that posts the toast notification to the Microsoft Push Notification Service.

// HTTP POST is the only method allowed to send the notification.

sendNotificationRequest.Method = "POST";

// The optional custom header X-MessageID uniquely identifies a notification message.

// If it is present, the same value is returned in the notification response. It must be a string that contains a UUID.

sendNotificationRequest.Headers["X-MessageID"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

sendNotificationRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";

sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-WindowsPhone-Target", "toast");

sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "2");

// Set the web request content length.

sendNotificationRequest.ContentLength = toastmsg.Length;

// Set the notification payload to send.

byte[] notificationMessage = toastmsg;

using (Stream requestStream = sendNotificationRequest.GetRequestStream())

{

requestStream.Write(notificationMessage, 0, notificationMessage.Length);

}

// Send the notification and get the response.

HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendNotificationRequest.GetResponse();

string notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];

string notificationChannelStatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];

string deviceConnectionStatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];

// Display the response from the Microsoft Push Notification Service.

// Normally, error handling code would be here. In the real world, because data connections are not always available,

// notifications may need to be throttled back if the device cannot be reached.

label6.Text = notificationStatus + " | " + deviceConnectionStatus + " | " + notificationChannelStatus;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

label6.Text = "Exception caught sending update: " + ex.ToString();

}

}

}

}

　　效果图：