AIX6.1下 Oracle 10g的安装

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1.系统需要的基本信息如下：

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The system must meet the following minimum hardware requirements:

•   At least 1024 MB of physical RAM
  

•   The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space requirement.
  

RAM                               Swap Space

Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB       1.5 times the size of RAM

Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB       Equal to the size of RAM

More than 8192 MB                 0.75 times the size of RAM

•   400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory
  

•   Up to 3 GB of disk space for the Oracle software, depending on the installation type
  

•   1.2 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional)
  

Note:
The disk space requirement for databases that use Automatic Storage Management or raw device storage is described later in this chapter.
Additional disk space, either on a file system or in an Automatic Storage Management disk group, is required for the flash recovery area if you choose to configure automated backups.

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2. 查看物理内存大小：

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# /usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a realmem
realmem 1884160 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False

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3. 查看swap的空间：
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# /usr/sbin/lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group Size %Used Active  Auto  Type Chksum
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB     2   yes   yes    lv     0

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4. 查看/tmp可用空间是否大于400M：
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# df -k /tmp
Filesystem    1024-blocks      Free %Used    Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd3          1310720   1091056   17%      769     1% /tmp

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5. 查看系统的架构(位数)：
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# /usr/bin/getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE
64

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6. 查看AIX的版本：
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# oslevel -r
6100-01

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7. 查看需要的软件包是否满足：
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# lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools
  Fileset                      Level  State      Description
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
  bos.adt.base               6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Toolkit
  bos.adt.lib                6.1.2.0  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Libraries
  bos.adt.libm               6.1.1.0  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Math Library
  bos.perf.libperfstat       6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics Library
                                                 Interface
  bos.perf.perfstat          6.1.6.0  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics
                                                 Interface
  bos.perf.proctools         6.1.6.0  COMMITTED  Proc Filesystem Tools

Path: /etc/objrepos
  bos.adt.base               6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Toolkit
  bos.perf.libperfstat       6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics Library
                                                 Interface
  bos.perf.perfstat          6.1.6.0  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics
                                                 Interface

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8. 建立用户及用户组：

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# id oracle
uid=202(oracle) gid=202(dba) groups=1(staff),201(oinstall)

使用命令 smit user and smit group 去建立用户和组。

用smit security去设置用户相应组别和限制。

# passwd oracle

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9. 检查用户nobody是否存在：

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# id nobody

如果不存在用smit security建立。

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10. 建立相应目录：
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# cd /oracle
# mkdir -p /oracle/oradata
# mkdir -p /oracle/admin
# mkdir -p /oracle/10201
#
# chown -R oracle.oinstall /oracle
#
# ls -l /oracle
total 0
drwxr-xr-x    2 oracle   oinstall        256 Nov 07 10:50 10201
drwxr-xr-x    2 oracle   oinstall        256 Nov 07 10:50 admin
drwxr-xr-x    2 oracle   oinstall        256 Nov 07 09:16 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x    3 oracle   oinstall        256 Nov 07 10:39 ora_sw
drwxr-xr-x    2 oracle   oinstall        256 Nov 07 10:50 oradata

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11. 建立Oracle用户的profile：
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$ whoami
oracle

$ cat ~/.profile

umask 022
export AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S;
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle;
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10201;
export TMP=/tmp;
export TMPDIR=$TMP;
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL;

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:.

export PATH

if [ -s "$MAIL" ]           # This is at Shell startup.  In normal
then echo "$MAILMSG"        # operation, the Shell checks
fi                          # periodically.

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12. 运行rootpre.sh脚本，然后进行安装：
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# sh rootpre.sh
rootpre.sh output will be logged in /tmp/rootpre.out_11-11-07.10:57:47
Saving the original files in /etc/ora_save_11-11-07.10:57:47....
Copying new kernel extension to /etc....
Loading the kernel extension from /etc

Oracle Kernel Extension Loader for AIX
       Copyright (c) 1998,1999 Oracle Corporation


Successfully loaded /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel with kmid: 0x50af3000
Successfully configured /etc/pw-syscall.64bit_kernel with kmid: 0x50af3000
The kernel extension was successfuly loaded.

Configuring Asynchronous I/O....
Asynchronous I/O is not installed on this system.
You will need to install it, and either configure it yourself using
'smit aio' or rerun the Oracle root installation procedure.

Configuring POSIX Asynchronous I/O....
Posix Asynchronous I/O is not installed on this system.
You will need to install it, and either configure it yourself using
'smit aio' or rerun the Oracle root installation procedure.

Checking if group services should be configured....
Nothing to configure.
#

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13. 安装oracle软件及建立数据库：
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对于版本信息的报错和警告可以忽略。

dbca后运行的脚本：

# /oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /oracle/oraInventory to 775.
Changing groupname of /oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
#
#
#
# /oracle/10201/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/10201

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Creating /usr/local/bin directory...
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
#
#

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14. 安装完毕进入sqlplus测试：

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# su - oracle
$ sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 7 13:47:01 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
$

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15. 可能碰到的错误：

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15.1. 文件太大：

ftp> mget 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz
mget 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz? y
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz (1268576110 bytes).
10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz: short write
No space left on device/filesize limit exceeded.
500 Unsupported command during transfer.
226- [Ul: 77067.2MB] [Dl: 1654337.2MB] [Speed: 4626.68K/s] [Free: 707252MB]
226  [Section: DEFAULT] [Credits: 14.6MB] [Ratio: Unlimited]
1073741824 bytes received in 225.4 seconds (4653 Kbytes/s)
local: 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz remote: 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz
ftp> bye

以及
# gunzip  10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz

gunzip: 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio: File too large

解决：
通过调整/etc/security/limits里的
data = -1
fsize = -1

去解决，最好把oracle用户的相应限制也去掉。

--------------

15.2. 安装oracle软件到72%，链接阶段时，报错：
/oracle/10201/precomp/lib/ins_precomp.mk
/oracle/10201/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk

解决：请安装相应软件包，例如：bos.adt.libm或者是bos.cifs_fs.rte包。

# smit install

                                                           Install Software

Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

                                                        [Entry Fields]
* INPUT device / directory for software               /dev/cd1
* SOFTWARE to install                                [bos.adt                                                            ALL  @@I> +
  PREVIEW only? (install operation will NOT occur)    no                                                                           +
  COMMIT software updates?                            yes                                                                          +
  SAVE replaced files?                                no                                                                           +
  AUTOMATICALLY install requisite software?           yes                                                                          +
  EXTEND file systems if space needed?                yes                                                                          +
  OVERWRITE same or newer versions?                   no                                                                           +
  VERIFY install and check file sizes?                no                                                                           +
  Include corresponding LANGUAGE filesets?            yes                                                                          +
  DETAILED output?                                    no                                                                           +
  Process multiple volumes?                           yes                                                                          +
  ACCEPT new license agreements?                      yes                                                                          +
  Preview new LICENSE agreements?                     no                                                                           +

  WPAR Management
      Perform Operation in Global Environment         yes                                                                          +
      Perform Operation on Detached WPARs             no                                                                           +
          Detached WPAR Names                        [_all_wpars]                                                                  +
      Remount Installation Device in WPARs            yes                                                                          +
      Alternate WPAR Installation Device             []



F1=Help                          F2=Ref+------------------------------------------------------+     F4=List
Esc+5=Reset                      Esc+6=| Running command...                                   |     Esc+8=Image
Esc+9=Shell                      Esc+0=+------------------------------------------------------+
                                                            COMMAND STATUS

Command: running       stdout: yes           stderr: no

Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.

[MORE...323]
Name                        Level           Part        Event       Result
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bos.cifs_fs.smit            6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.cifs_fs.rte             6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.cifs_fs.smit            6.1.1.0         ROOT        APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.cifs_fs.rte             6.1.1.0         ROOT        APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.data                6.1.0.0         SHARE       APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.utils               6.1.0.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.syscalls            6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.sccs                6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.samples             6.1.0.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.prt_tools           6.1.0.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.libmio              6.1.0.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.libm                6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.insttools           6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.graphics            6.1.0.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.debug               6.1.1.0         USR         APPLY       SUCCESS
bos.adt.insttools           6.1.1.0         ROOT        APPLY       SUCCESS

File /etc/inittab has been modified.

One or more of the files listed in /etc/check_config.files have changed.
        See /var/adm/ras/config.diff for details.

[BOTTOM]

                                                            COMMAND STATUS

Command: OK            stdout: yes           stderr: no

Before command completion, additional instructions may appear below.

[TOP]
geninstall -I "a -cgNQqwXY -J"  -Z   -d /dev/cd1 -f File 2>&1

File:
    I:bos.adt.data                 6.1.0.0
    I:bos.adt.debug                6.1.1.0
    I:bos.adt.graphics             6.1.0.0
    I:bos.adt.insttools            6.1.1.0
    I:bos.adt.libm                 6.1.1.0
    I:bos.adt.libmio               6.1.0.0
    I:bos.adt.prt_tools            6.1.0.0
    I:bos.adt.samples              6.1.0.0
    I:bos.adt.sccs                 6.1.1.0
    I:bos.adt.syscalls             6.1.1.0
    I:bos.adt.utils                6.1.0.0
    I:bos.cifs_fs.rte              6.1.1.0
    I:bos.cifs_fs.smit             6.1.1.0


+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                    Pre-installation Verification...
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
[MORE...326]

F1=Help                          F2=Refresh                        F3=Cancel                        Esc+6=Command
Esc+8=Image                      Esc+9=Shell                       Esc+0=Exit                       /=Find
n=Find Next

                                                    


再次检查缺失包已经安装完毕：

# lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools bos.adt.prof bos.cifs_fs.rte
  Fileset                      Level  State      Description
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
  bos.adt.base               6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Toolkit
  bos.adt.lib                6.1.2.0  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Libraries
  bos.adt.libm               6.1.1.0  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Math Library
  bos.adt.prof               6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Base Profiling Support
  bos.cifs_fs.rte            6.1.1.0  COMMITTED  Runtime for SMBFS
  bos.perf.libperfstat       6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics Library
                                                 Interface
  bos.perf.perfstat          6.1.6.0  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics
                                                 Interface
  bos.perf.proctools         6.1.6.0  COMMITTED  Proc Filesystem Tools

Path: /etc/objrepos
  bos.adt.base               6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Base Application Development
                                                 Toolkit
  bos.cifs_fs.rte            6.1.1.0  COMMITTED  Runtime for SMBFS
  bos.perf.libperfstat       6.1.6.1  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics Library
                                                 Interface
  bos.perf.perfstat          6.1.6.0  COMMITTED  Performance Statistics
                                                 Interface
#