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分类: LINUX

2011-09-04 12:45:15

yum的各种安装
来源: ChinaUnix博客  日期: 2008.12.23 09:28 (共有条评论)  
                yum的各种安装
1.光盘安装
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /install
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /mnt /install
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
写入如下内容:/install/Server为修改后的RPM包的路径
[rhel5-local]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Local Repository
baseurl=file:///install/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@localhost Server]# yum install system-config-kickstart
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
Loading "security" plugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
rhel5-local               100% |=========================| 1.3 kB    00:00     
primary.xml.gz            100% |=========================| 709 kB    00:00     
rhel5-loca: ################################################## 2223/2223
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package system-config-kickstart.noarch 0:2.6.19.6-1.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: pykickstart for package: system-config-kickstart
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pykickstart.noarch 0:0.43.1-1.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package                 Arch       Version          Repository        Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
system-config-kickstart  noarch     2.6.19.6-1.el5   rhel5-local       988 k
Installing for dependencies:
pykickstart             noarch     0.43.1-1.el5     rhel5-local       127 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install      2 Package(s)         
Update       0 Package(s)         
Remove       0 Package(s)         
Total download size: 1.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing: pykickstart                  ######################### [1/2]
  Installing: system-config-kickstart      ######################### [2/2]
Installed: system-config-kickstart.noarch 0:2.6.19.6-1.el5
Dependency Installed: pykickstart.noarch 0:0.43.1-1.el5
Complete!
2.网络安装
A:[root@nihao ~]# vi /etc/yum.conf
[Base]
name=as5-base
baseurl=

gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

把上述加入文件的最后
B:[root@nihao ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@nihao yum.repos.d]# vi centos.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for
# CentOS.
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS
# updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=

gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=

gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
baseurl=

gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=

gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=

gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=

把上述写入文件
3. yum各个命令
  安装:
  yum install RPM包的名称
  删除:
  yum remove RPM包的名称
  搜索:
  yum search  RPM包的名称
  显示仓库所有文件:
  yum list
  显示安装包详细说明信息:
  yum info  RPM包的名称
  更新安装:
  yum update  RPM包的名称
  清楚服务器仓库缓存等:
  yum clean all
  本地安装:
  yum localinstall  /路径/RPM包的名称
  本地更新:
  yum localupdate /路径/RPM包的名称
  显示安装包所安装的文件列表:
  yum provides  RPM包的名称
  反查文件所属安装包:
  yum whatprovides  /路径/文件
  注:
  若安装时需要安装到指定的文件夹,则需要 --installroot
  举例:
      yum install --installroot=/mnt  vim
  常见问题:
  1、解决安装时需要KEY的问题?
  vim /etc/yum.conf
   找到这行:
  gpgcheck=1
  替换成:
  gpgcheck=0
  总结:
         这个是针对单机配置,所以使用file关键字,如果打算在网络内使用,则可以使用ftp关键字,当
  然还要开启相应的ftp服务。具体配置参考附件脚本。另外这个配置完成以后,在使用:
  system-config-packages
  system-config-kickstart
这些工具时,也能够支持。

yum list installed #所有已安装名
yum list updates #所有可更新包
yum updates #升级系统
yum install gcc #安装gcc
4. PGP公钥解决办法:
rpm --import /usr/share/rhn/RPM-PGP-KEY
               
               
               
               
               

本文来自ChinaUnix博客,如果查看原文请点:http://blog.chinaunix.net/u2/71666/showart_1736015.html
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