linux开发---26.【C】实现dump_stack打印调用栈函数

1. man backtrace中的内容
1.1 函数 
#include
int backtrace(void **buffer, int size);
char **backtrace_symbols(void *const *buffer, int size);
void backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const *buffer, int size, int fd);

1.2 代码
backtrace的man page中给出如下demo

#include <execinfo.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void myfunc3(void)
{
    int j, nptrs;
#define SIZE 100
    void *buffer[100];
    char **strings;

    nptrs = backtrace(buffer, SIZE);
    printf("backtrace() returned %d addresses\n", nptrs);

    /* The call backtrace_symbols_fd(buffer, nptrs, STDOUT_FILENO)
       would produce similar output to the following: */

    strings = backtrace_symbols(buffer, nptrs);
    if (strings == NULL) {
        perror("backtrace_symbols");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    for (j = 0; j < nptrs; j++)
        printf("%s\n", strings[j]);

    free(strings);
}

static void   myfunc2(void)
{
    myfunc3();
}

void myfunc(int ncalls)
{
    if (ncalls > 1)
        myfunc(ncalls - 1);
    else
        myfunc2();
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if (argc != 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s num-calls\n", argv[0]);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    myfunc(atoi(argv[1]));
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

1.3编译

cong@msi:/tmp$ gcc -g -o prog prog.c
cong@msi:/tmp$ ./prog 3
backtrace() returned 8 addresses
./prog() [0x4007dc]
./prog() [0x400895]
./prog() [0x4008bc]
./prog() [0x4008b5]
./prog() [0x4008b5]
./prog() [0x400917]
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7f6dfdf29ec5]
./prog() [0x4006f9]

1.3.1 加入-rdynamic

cong@msi:/tmp$ gcc -g -o prog prog.c -rdynamic
cong@msi:/tmp$ ./prog
./prog num-calls
cong@msi:/tmp$ ./prog 3
backtrace() returned 8 addresses
./prog(myfunc3+0x1f) [0x400a7c]
./prog() [0x400b35]
./prog(myfunc+0x25) [0x400b5c]
./prog(myfunc+0x1e) [0x400b55]
./prog(myfunc+0x1e) [0x400b55]
./prog(main+0x59) [0x400bb7]
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7fbc840abec5]
./prog() [0x400999]

2.1 实现dump_stack

#include <execinfo.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void dump_stack()
{
    int i;
    int size = 64;
    void * array[64];
    int stack_num = backtrace(array, size);
    char ** stacktrace = backtrace_symbols(array, stack_num);
    for (i = 0; i < stack_num; ++i)
    {
        printf("%s\n", stacktrace[i]);
    }
    free(stacktrace);
}

void fun3()
{
    dump_stack();
}

void fun2()
{
    fun3();
}


void fun1()
{
    fun2();
}



int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    fun1();
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

2.2 编译
gcc -g -o dump dump.c -rdynamic

2.3运行结果

cong@msi:/tmp$ ./dump
./dump(dump_stack+0x2c) [0x400989]
./dump(fun3+0xe) [0x400a12]
./dump(fun2+0xe) [0x400a22]
./dump(fun1+0xe) [0x400a32]
./dump(main+0x19) [0x400a4d]
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7fa3dac16ec5]
./dump() [0x400899]

./dump -->main-->fun1-->fun2-->fun3-->dump_stack