bochs源码编译安装及其调试指令

环境: ubuntu 9.04 或 redhat 9.0

bochs: bochs-2.4.6.tar.gz 更新了bochs-2.6.8的安装

一、ubuntu 下apt安装

1.1 编译环境

cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ sudo apt-get install xorg-dev        -->这个必须安装
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

1.2 编译不带任何调试的bochs

cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ mkdir install          -->以后install把生成的bochs都放在这个目录下面
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ ./configure --prefix=`pwd`/install
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ make -j8               -->直接编译即可
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8$ make install

1.3 出错及问题解决

a.出错: ERROR: X windows gui was selected, but X windows libraries were not found.
 root@ubuntu:~# aptitude install xorg-dev

b.出错: ERROR: pkg-config was not found, or unable to access the gtk+-2.0 package.
 root@ubuntu:~# aptitude install libgtk2.0-dev

c.在configure时同时配了debugger&&gdb-stub会有如下错误./configure --enable-gdb-stub --enable-disasm --enable-debugger
 configure: error: --enable-debugger and --enable-gdb-stub are mutually exclusive

1.4 编译带asm调试功能的bochs

cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8_asm$ ./configure --prefix=`pwd`/install --enable-debugger --enable-disasm

如果加上--enable-plugins会出现 
>>PANIC<< dlopen failed for module 'unmapped': file not found
1.5 编译带gdb调试功能的bochs

cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8_gdb$ ./configure --prefix=`pwd`/install --enable-disasm --enable-gdb-stub
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8_gdb$ make -j8
cong@msi:/work/os/bak/bochs-2.6.8_gdb$ make install

1.6 注意:
a.用apt-get install 安装的bochs 版本不能调试，如果需要加调试功能需要从源码添加编译选项

 b. Linux 没有bochsbgb工具，在configure时加了enable-debugger选项，重新编译后的bochs就带有调试功能。

二、Redhat 9.0 编译安装

环境: RedHat 9.0

gcc版本: gcc (GCC) 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-5)

2.1 编译安装 bochs 不带调试信息

tar xvfz bochs-2.3.5.tar.gz

cd bochs-2.3.5

./configure --prefix=/opt/bochs/run

make ; make install

2.2编译安装 bochs 带汇编调试

./configure --prefix=/opt/bochs/debug --enable-plugins --enable-debugger --enable-disasm

make 

make install

2.3 编译安装 bochs 带gdb调试

./configure --prefix=/opt/bochs/gdbstub --enable-plugins --enable-disasm --enable-gdb-stub 

make

make install

注意:这里编译两次bochs 是因为如果一步到位configure 

./configure --enable-gdb-stub --enable-disasm --enable-debugger 

它会很生气

configure: error: --enable-debugger and --enable-gdb-stub are mutually exclusive

2.4 gdb+bochs调试linux0.11的总出现缺页中断问题
a. bochs-2.6.8下修改 src/gdbstub.cc，增加如下红色部分

b. gdbstub.cc L492

else if (last_stop_reason == GDBSTUB_STOP_NO_REASON)
{
   write_signal(&buf[1], SIGSEGV);
}

c. 编译安装之后
启动gdb,在gdb的shell中输入 handle SIGSEGV nostop noprint ignore 即可
以上出自《gdb+bochs调试linux0.11的总出现缺页中断问题。》
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-7480243-id-2051574.html

3. 在RedHat9.0下编译时会出现如下的错误：

/usr/X11R6/lib/libXrandr.so: undefined reference to `XextAddDisplay'

/usr/X11R6/lib/libXrandr.so: undefined reference to `XextFindDisplay'

/usr/X11R6/lib/libXrandr.so: undefined reference to `XRenderSetSubpixelOrder'

/usr/X11R6/lib/libXrandr.so: undefined reference to `XextRemoveDisplay'

/usr/X11R6/lib/libXrandr.so: undefined reference to `XMissingExtension'

提示缺少库，编个小脚本练习一下。
#******test.sh ******#
#!/bin/sh
for file in `find /usr/X11R6/lib/*.a`
do
echo $file
nm $file | grep XextAddDisplay
done

执行：
[root@localhost tmp]# ./test.sh
/usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.a
         U XextAddDisplay
         U XextAddDisplay
/usr/X11R6/lib/libXext.a
00000060 T XextAddDisplay
         U XextAddDisplay
/usr/X11R6/lib/libXfontcache.a
         U XextAddDisplay
/usr/X11R6/lib/libXft.a
/usr/X11R6/lib/libXi.a
         U XextAddDisplay
/usr/X11R6/lib/libXinerama.a
         U XextAddDisplay

上述打印中：
         U XextAddDisplay 说明XextAddDisplay 没有定义
         00000060 T XextAddDisplay 说明 XextAddDisplay己定义

依次grep 可以找出缺失的两个库 -lXext -lXrender 在Makefile中加上就可以了。  
GUI_LINK_OPTS_X = $(X_LIBS) $(X_PRE_LIBS) -lX11 $(XPM_LIB) -lXrandr -lXext -lXrender

三.bochs调试指令

<bochs:1> help
h|help - show list of debugger commands
h|help command - show short command description
-*- Debugger control -*-
    help, q|quit|exit, set, instrument, show, trace, trace-reg,
    trace-mem, u|disasm, ldsym, slist
-*- Execution control -*-
    c|cont|continue, s|step, p|n|next, modebp, vmexitbp
-*- Breakpoint management -*-
    vb|vbreak, lb|lbreak, pb|pbreak|b|break, sb, sba, blist,
    bpe, bpd, d|del|delete, watch, unwatch
-*- CPU and memory contents -*-
    x, xp, setpmem, writemem, crc, info,
    r|reg|regs|registers, fp|fpu, mmx, sse, sreg, dreg, creg,
    page, set, ptime, print-stack, ?|calc
-*- Working with bochs param tree -*-
    show "param", restore

3.1 查看内存中的数据

<bochs:2> help x
x /nuf <addr> - examine memory at linear address
xp /nuf <addr> - examine memory at physical address
    nuf is a sequence of numbers (how much values to display)
    and one or more of the [mxduotcsibhwg] format specificators:
    x,d,u,o,t,c,s,i select the format of the output (they stand for hex, decimal, unsigned, octal, binary, char, asciiz, instr)
    b,h,w,g select the size of a data element (for byte, half-word, word and giant word)
    m selects an alternative output format (memory dump)

a. 例如要查看0x102000处的数据-->按16进制4字节打印

<bochs:3> x /8wx 0x102000
0x00102000 <bogus+ 0>:    0x00000007    0x00001007    0x00002007    0x00003007
0x00102010 <bogus+ 16>:    0x00004007    0x00000000    0x00000000    0x00000000

b.例如要查看0x102000处的数据-->按16进制单字节打印

<bochs:4> x /8bx 0x102000
0x00102000 <bogus+ 0>:    0x07    0x00    0x00    0x00    0x07    0x10    0x00    0x00

3.2 反汇编

<bochs:5> help u
u|disasm [/count] <start> <end> - disassemble instructions for given linear address
    Optional 'count' is the number of disassembled instructions
u|disasm switch-mode - switch between Intel and AT&T disassembler syntax
u|disasm hex on/off - control disasm offsets and displacements format
u|disasm size = n - tell debugger what segment size [16|32|64] to use
       when "disassemble" command is used.

a. 例如要反汇编当前指令之后的32条指令

<bochs:6> u /32
00100035: ( ): add eax, 0x00001000 ; 0500100000
0010003a: ( ): cmp edi, 0x00104000 ; 81ff00401000

b. 例如要反汇编0x100000之后的32条指令

<bochs:7> u /32 0x100000
00100000: ( ): cld ; fc
00100001: ( ): mov eax, 0x00000018 ; b818000000

3.3设断点

<bochs:8> help b
p|pb|break|pbreak <addr> - set a physical address instruction breakpoint
<bochs:9> help lb
lb|lbreak <addr> - set a linear address instruction breakpoint

lb 0x100000
b 0x7c00