磨屏终极备份脚本

#修订：查看日志，备份脚本执行报错，经检查，是因为缺少环境变量。日期：23:05 2012/2/19

   记录所有操作日志，这是一个管理员做事的基本要求。调试脚本的时候，注意屏幕输出的内容，或者完善寻混语句，打印执行过程，多用“echo”“printf”便于纠错。

[oracle@CMS2 data]$ cat  dbbackyangkai.sh
#!/bin/bash
#author  yangkai
#time 2012-2-13
cd /home/oracle/data/backup/
#方便下面的if判断
ttime=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
#ddir=/home/oracle/data/backup
#注意我变量的命名规则，上面的ddir最后面缺少"/"，在描述文件路径的时候，不能缺，多了无所谓的，如/home//oracle/
ddir=/home/oracle/data/backup/
exp magicscreen/vnet_magic_screen file=$ddir/$ttime-magic.dmp
exp zixunuser/zixunpassword file=$ddir/$ttime-zixun.dmp
exp cscms/cscms file=$ddir/$ttime-cms.dmp
exp lifehotline/lifehotline file=$ddir/$ttime-lifehotline.dmp
ffile=$(ls ${ddir}${ttime}*)
#导出的dmp文件赋予新变量
tar -czvf dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz $ffile
#压缩dmp文件
#if [ -f "$dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz" ];then
# only duo yi ge $.
if [ -f "dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz" ];then
echo "cun zai dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz,and delete the file of dmp."
#rm -f ${ffile}
# this action can not rm file!you can hava a try to "echo ${ffile}"
rm -f ${ddir}${ttime}*
else
#use "else",that may be perfect!
echo "can not find the dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz,db backup fail."
fi
HOST=192.168.40.240
FTP_USER=ftpbak
FTP_PD=zhang
############ftp###################
ftp -i -n -v << !
open $HOST
user $FTP_USER $FTP_PD
binary
lcd /home/oracle/data/backup
put dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz
bye
!
echo "$(date) oracle db backup yangkai."
#方便我查询下面重定向的日志，dbback.log。
#ftp upload can not use ascii,must use binary.
[oracle@CMS2 data]$ crontab -l
00 01 * * *  /home/oracle/data/dbbackyangkai.sh 1>>/home/oracle/data/dbback.log 2>&1
[oracle@CMS2 data]$

上面的脚本手动执行没任何问题，放到crontab里面就不行，经过我对日志的分析，发现是因为当前用户的系统环境变量未传递过来：

[oracle@cms-db ~]$ cat data/dbback.log
/home/oracle/important/dbbackyangkai.sh: line 6: exp: command not found
/home/oracle/important/dbbackyangkai.sh: line 7: exp: command not found
/home/oracle/important/dbbackyangkai.sh: line 8: exp: command not found
/home/oracle/important/dbbackyangkai.sh: line 9: exp: command not found
ls: /home/oracle/data/backup/2012-02-19*: No such file or directory
tar: Cowardly refusing to create an empty archive
Try `tar --help' or `tar --usage' for more information.
can not find the dbmtouch2012-02-19.tar.gz,db backup fail.
Connected to 192.168.40.240 (192.168.40.240).
220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5)
331 Please specify the password.
230 Login successful.
200 Switching to Binary mode.
local: dbmtouch2012-02-19.tar.gz: No such file or directory
Local directory now /home/oracle/data/backup
local: dbmtouch2012-02-19.tar.gz remote: dbmtouch2012-02-19.tar.gz
221 Goodbye.
Sun Feb 19 01:00:01 CST 2012 oracle db backup complete yk.
[oracle@cms-db ~]$

cu网中人曾写过shell的几种执行方式，但是其实对于传递这些环境变量，无法通过修改执行方式而让脚本在crontab里面执行，故只有在脚本中重新声明一下环境变量，将~/.bash_profile里面的关于Oracle的变量都复制在脚本里的前面：

[oracle@cms-db important]$ cat ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/db1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cmsdb; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"
alias lsnrctl="rlwrap lsnrctl"
alias bbed="rlwrap bbed"

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
[oracle@cms-db important]$

最终效果如下：

[oracle@CMS2 data]$ cat  dbbackyangkai.sh
#!/bin/bash
#author  yangkai
#time 2012-2-13
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/db1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cmsdb; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
cd /home/oracle/data/backup/
#方便下面的if判断
ttime=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
#ddir=/home/oracle/data/backup
#注意我变量的命名规则，上面的ddir最后面缺少"/"，在描述文件路径的时候，不能缺，多了无所谓的，如/home//oracle/
ddir=/home/oracle/data/backup/
exp magicscreen/vnet_magic_screen file=$ddir/$ttime-magic.dmp
exp zixunuser/zixunpassword file=$ddir/$ttime-zixun.dmp
exp cscms/cscms file=$ddir/$ttime-cms.dmp
exp lifehotline/lifehotline file=$ddir/$ttime-lifehotline.dmp
ffile=$(ls ${ddir}${ttime}*)
#导出的dmp文件赋予新变量
tar -czvf dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz $ffile
#压缩dmp文件
#if [ -f "$dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz" ];then
# only duo yi ge $.
if [ -f "dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz" ];then
echo "cun zai dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz,and delete the file of dmp."
#rm -f ${ffile}
# this action can not rm file!you can hava a try to "echo ${ffile}"
rm -f ${ddir}${ttime}*
else
#use "else",that may be perfect!
echo "can not find the dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz,db backup fail."
fi
HOST=192.168.40.240
FTP_USER=ftpbak
FTP_PD=zhang
############ftp###################
ftp -i -n -v << !
open $HOST
user $FTP_USER $FTP_PD
binary
lcd /home/oracle/data/backup
put dbmtouch${ttime}.tar.gz
bye
!
echo "$(date) oracle db backup yangkai."
#方便我查询下面重定向的日志，dbback.log。
#ftp upload can not use ascii,must use binary.
[oracle@CMS2 data]$ crontab -l
00 01 * * *  /home/oracle/data/dbbackyangkai.sh 1>>/home/oracle/data/dbback.log 2>&1
[oracle@CMS2 data]$