在c++编程的时候,我们有时会遇到,在遍历map的时候,删除符合某个条件的元素,如果我们不做任何处理,直接删除map元素的话,程序会异常终端,提示"Expression: map/set iterator not incrementable"。所以如果想在遍历map的时候删除元素,必须做一些处理,下面给出一种方法.
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#include <iostream>
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#include <map>
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using namespace std;
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int main()
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{
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map<int, int> test_map;
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test_map[1] = 1;
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test_map[2] = 2;
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test_map[3] = 3;
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test_map[4] = 4;
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for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin();
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iter != test_map.end(); ++ iter )
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{
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cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
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}
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int count = 0;
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// delete the element
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for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin();
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iter != test_map.end(); )
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{
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std::map<int, int>::iterator it_back = iter;
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bool is_first_element = false;
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if(it_back != test_map.begin())
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it_back --;
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else
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is_first_element = true;
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// delete the element that matches the specific condition
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if( iter->first % 2 == 0)
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{
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test_map.erase(iter);
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if(is_first_element)
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iter = test_map.begin();
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else
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iter = ++ it_back;
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}else iter ++;
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count ++;
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}
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cout << "use count:" << count << endl;
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cout << "after delete " << endl;
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for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin();
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iter != test_map.end(); ++ iter)
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{
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cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
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}
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system("pause");
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return 0;
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}
运行结果
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1 1
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2 2
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3 3
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4 4
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use count:4
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after delete
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1 1
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3 3
遍历所需次数,也就是整个map的总元素个数,不会增加额外的次数
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2017.07.01 飘过
其实遍历map时候,删除元素很常见,也很简单
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for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin(); iter != test_map.end(); ){
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if( iter->first % 2 == 0){
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iter = test_map.erase(iter);
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}else iter++;
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}
或者
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for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin(); iter != test_map.end(); ){
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if( iter->first % 2 == 0){
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test_map.erase(iter ++);
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}else iter++;
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}
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