嵌入式WEB服务器BOA在SEP4020上的移植

boa的移植

在/home目录下建立BOA文件夹
[root@localhost home]# mkdir boa

下载官方源码到BOA文件夹，并解压，得到boa-0.94.13
[root@localhost boa]# tar -zxvf boa-0.94.13.tar.gz

进入./boa-0.94.13/src，
[root@localhost boa]# cd boa-0.94.13/src

运行./configure，得到Makefile
[root@localhost src]# ./configure

修改Makefile:(一定要改为2.95.3,不然会编译不过去)
将CC = gcc 改为CC = /usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin/arm-linux-gcc
将CPP= gcc -E 改为：CPP = /usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin/arm-linux-gcc -E

保存后，退出

[root@localhost src]# gedit boa.c
将此句注释掉，如下：

 /* if (setuid(0) != -1) {
            DIE("icky Linux kernel bug!");
        }*/
[root@localhost src]# make

文件瘦身(可选)
[root@localhost src]# /usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin/arm-linux-strip boa

arm-linux-readelf -d boa，察看共享库（可以略过不做）

 

将boa拷贝到网络文件系统的/bin
[root@localhost src]#cp boa /nfs/bin

将boa.conf拷贝到nfs/etc/boa/下，在此，附件提供一个修改好的boa.conf

 

 

boa.conf修改后的内容如下：

# Boa v0.94 configuration file
# File format has not changed from 0.93
# File format has changed little from 0.92
# version changes are noted in the comments
#
# The Boa configuration file is parsed with a lex/yacc or flex/bison
# generated parser.  If it reports an error, the line number will be
# provided; it should be easy to spot.  The syntax of each of these
# rules is very simple, and they can occur in any order.  Where possible
# these directives mimic those of NCSA httpd 1.3; I saw no reason to 
# introduce gratuitous differences.

# $Id: boa.conf,v 1.25 2002/03/22 04:33:09 jnelson Exp $

# The "ServerRoot" is not in this configuration file.  It can be compiled
# into the server (see defines.h) or specified on the command line with
# the -c option, for example:
#
# boa -c /usr/local/boa

# Port: The port Boa runs on.  The default port for http servers is 80.
# If it is less than 1024, the server must be started as root.

Port 80

# Listen: the Internet address to bind(2) to.  If you leave it out,
# it takes the behavior before 0.93.17.2, which is to bind to all
# addresses (INADDR_ANY).  You only get one "Listen" directive,
# if you want service on multiple IP addresses, you have three choices:
#    1. Run boa without a "Listen" directive
#       a. All addresses are treated the same; makes sense if the

addresses
#          are localhost, ppp, and eth0.
#       b. Use the VirtualHost directive below to point requests to

different
#          files.  Should be good for a very large number of addresses

(web
#          hosting clients).
#    2. Run one copy of boa per IP address, each has its own

configuration
#       with a "Listen" directive.  No big deal up to a few tens of

addresses.
#       Nice separation between clients.
# The name you provide gets run through inet_aton(3), so you have to use

dotted
# quad notation.  This configuration is too important to trust some DNS.

#Listen 192.68.0.5

#  User: The name or UID the server should run as.
# Group: The group name or GID the server should run as.

User 0
#Group nogroup
Group 0

# ServerAdmin: The email address where server problems should be sent.
# Note: this is not currently used, except as an environment variable
# for CGIs.

#ServerAdmin 

# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. If this does not start
# with /, it is considered relative to the server root.
# Set to /dev/null if you don't want errors logged.
# If unset, defaults to /dev/stderr

#ErrorLog /var/log/boa/error_log
# Please NOTE: Sending the logs to a pipe ('|'), as shown below,
#  is somewhat experimental and might fail under heavy load.
# "Usual libc implementations of printf will stall the whole
#  process if the receiving end of a pipe stops reading."
#ErrorLog "|/usr/sbin/cronolog --symlink=/var/log/boa/error_log

/var/log/boa/error-%Y%m%d.log"

# AccessLog: The location of the access log file. If this does not
# start with /, it is considered relative to the server root.
# Comment out or set to /dev/null (less effective) to disable 
# Access logging.

#AccessLog /var/log/boa/access_log
# Please NOTE: Sending the logs to a pipe ('|'), as shown below,
#  is somewhat experimental and might fail under heavy load.
# "Usual libc implementations of printf will stall the whole
#  process if the receiving end of a pipe stops reading."
#AccessLog  "|/usr/sbin/cronolog --symlink=/var/log/boa/access_log

/var/log/boa/access-%Y%m%d.log"

# UseLocaltime: Logical switch.  Uncomment to use localtime 
# instead of UTC time
#UseLocaltime

# VerboseCGILogs: this is just a logical switch.
#  It simply notes the start and stop times of cgis in the error log
# Comment out to disable.

#VerboseCGILogs

# ServerName: the name of this server that should be sent back to 
# clients if different than that returned by gethostname + gethostbyname

ServerName jimmy

# VirtualHost: a logical switch.
# Comment out to disable.
# Given DocumentRoot /var/www, requests on interface 'A' or IP 'IP-A'
# become /var/www/IP-A.
# Example:  becomes /var/www/127.0.0.1
#
# Not used until version 0.93.17.2.  This "feature" also breaks commonlog
# output rules, it prepends the interface number to each access_log line.
# You are expected to fix that problem with a postprocessing script.

#VirtualHost

# DocumentRoot: The root directory of the HTML documents.
# Comment out to disable server non user files.

DocumentRoot /var/www

# UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's home
# directory if a ~user request is recieved.

UserDir public_html

# DirectoryIndex: Name of the file to use as a pre-written HTML
# directory index.  Please MAKE AND USE THESE FILES.  On the
# fly creation of directory indexes can be _slow_.
# Comment out to always use DirectoryMaker

DirectoryIndex index.html

# DirectoryMaker: Name of program used to create a directory listing.
# Comment out to disable directory listings.  If both this and
# DirectoryIndex are commented out, accessing a directory will give
# an error (though accessing files in the directory are still ok).

DirectoryMaker /usr/lib/boa/boa_indexer

# DirectoryCache: If DirectoryIndex doesn't exist, and DirectoryMaker
# has been commented out, the the on-the-fly indexing of Boa can be used
# to generate indexes of directories. Be warned that the output is 
# extremely minimal and can cause delays when slow disks are used.
# Note: The DirectoryCache must be writable by the same user/group that 
# Boa runs as.

# DirectoryCache /var/spool/boa/dircache

# KeepAliveMax: Number of KeepAlive requests to allow per connection
# Comment out, or set to 0 to disable keepalive processing

KeepAliveMax 1000

# KeepAliveTimeout: seconds to wait before keepalive connection times out

KeepAliveTimeout 10

# MimeTypes: This is the file that is used to generate mime type pairs
# and Content-Type fields for boa.
# Set to /dev/null if you do not want to load a mime types file.
# Do *not* comment out (better use AddType!)

MimeTypes /etc/mime.types

# DefaultType: MIME type used if the file extension is unknown, or there
# is no file extension.

DefaultType text/html

# CGIPath: The value of the $PATH environment variable given to CGI

progs.

CGIPath /bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

# SinglePostLimit: The maximum allowable number of bytes in 
# a single POST.  Default is normally 1MB.

# AddType: adds types without editing mime.types
# Example: AddType type extension [extension ...]

# Uncomment the next line if you want .cgi files to execute from anywhere
#AddType application/x-httpd-cgi cgi

# Redirect, Alias, and ScriptAlias all have the same semantics -- they
# match the beginning of a request and take appropriate action.  Use
# Redirect for other servers, Alias for the same server, and ScriptAlias
# to enable directories for script execution.

# Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist

in
# your server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell

the
# clients where to look for the relocated document.
# Example: Redirect /bar 

# Aliases: Aliases one path to another.
# Example: Alias /path1/bar /path2/foo

Alias /doc /usr/doc

# ScriptAlias: Maps a virtual path to a directory for serving scripts
# Example: ScriptAlias /htbin/ /www/htbin/

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/cgi-bin/
ScriptAlias /index.html /var/www/index.html

 

 

 

 

创建日志文件所在目录/nfs/var/log/boa
创建HTML文档的主目录/nfs/var/www

**静态测试：
将网页放置在/nfs/var/www/目录下:
笔者在此处放置的是index.html文档（默认文件名，文档内容可以修改）

开发板加电，正常启动后，进入/bin，再输入boa,如下：

然后在地址栏里输入：
就会出现《如何看待金融危机》这篇文章。

**CGI编程：
1、编写HelloCGI.c程序
[root@localhost boa-0.94.13]# gedit helloCGI.c
(主程序的程序开头一定要用Tab，而不是空格，不然编译可能不通过)
内容如下：
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
        printf("Content-type: text/html\n\n");
        printf("\n");
        printf("\n");
        printf("\n");
        printf("

Hello,world.

\n");
        printf("\n");
        printf("\n");
        exit(0);
}
 
2.交叉编译生成CGI程序 
[root@localhost boa-0.94.13]# /usr/local/arm/2.95.3/bin/arm-linux-gcc -o

helloCGI helloCGI.c 
在boa-0.94.13下便生成了一个可执行文件：helloCGI

将helloCGI 拷贝至根文件系统:nfs/var/www/cgi-bin/下
[root@localhost boa-0.94.13]# cp helloCGI /nfs/var/www/cgi-bin/
 
3.测试
浏览器输入:
网页出现 Hello,world. 调试成功！

 

 

 

如果打开CGI出现502错误，尝试重新编译BOA，在cgi.c文件的int complete_env

(request * req)函数最后（返回之前）添加 my_add_cgi_env(req,

"LD_LIBRARY_PATH", "/lib");

另外，如果添加了这一句话还是有问题，请检查一下你的CGI程序写得是否规范。

 

 

移植中出现的错误及解决方法

问题及解决：
Q：使用 make编译出现错误
util.c:100:1: pasting “t” and “->” does not give a valid

preprocessing token
make: *** [util.o] Error 1
A：修改 src/compat.h，找到
#define TIMEZONE_OFFSET(foo) foo##->tm_gmtoff
修改成
#define TIMEZONE_OFFSET(foo) (foo)->tm_gmtoff

Q：执行 boa 出现 “gethostbyname::No such file or directory”
A：需要将 boa.conf 里的 ServerName 开头注释去掉

Q：无法启动 Boa，error log 显示 “boa.c:266.icky Linux kernel bug!:No

such file” A：修改 src/boa.c，将下面判断语句注释：

/*if (setuid(0) != -1) {
DIE(”icky Linux kernel bug!”);

}*/
重新编译

Q：无法启动Boa，error log 显示 “boa.c:211 - getpwuid….略”

A：修改 src/boa.c，将下面判断语句注释：

/*if (passwdbuf == NULL) {
DIE(”getpwuid”);

}
if (initgroups(passwdbuf->pw_name, passwdbuf->pw_gid) == -1) {
DIE(”initgroups”);

}*/
重新编译。

 

 1.必须要在板子的/etc下建一个boa目录（错误代码忘了）

       2.”can't open boa.conf for reading“
解决：不仅要在你自己放置boa的目录下放入boa.conf配置文件，而且要在板子

的/etc/boa下也要放入boa.conf文件，这样系统在运行boa的时候才可以读取到

boa.conf文件。

       3.“unable to dup2 the error log bad file descriptor”
解决：在boa源码里，即src文件夹下把log.c中的第73行的if语句注释掉。

       4."unable to dup2 the error log:Bad file descriptor"
解决：在boa.conf里，把“#AccessLog /var/log/boa/access_log”注释掉（即去

掉＃号）。

       5.“[01/Jan/2031:00:12:25 +0000] boa.c:226 - icky Linux kernel

bug!: No such file or directory”
解决：在boa源码里，即src文件夹下把boa.c中的第226行的if语句注释掉。

       6."gethostbyname:: Resource temporarily unavailable"
解决：把“#ServerName ”的“＃”号去掉。

       7."./boa: 1: syntax error: "(" unexpected"
解决：没有修改Makefile，是用gcc编译的，应该改成是arm-linux-gcc编译。

       8.如果页面上是：“502 Bad Gateway The CGI was not CGI/1.1

compliant.“
解决：给你要执行的cgi可执行程序赋个权限。chmod 777 filename

       9.在

中，cgi可执行程

序的路径就直接写“cgi-bin/test2.cgi”就可以了，不要写板子上的绝对路径，这

样就重复了，因为cgi执行时会自动去boa.conf的指定的路径里找。

       10.出现警告：“control reaches end of non-void function”，是因为

某个函数没有return，而函数定义时是非void型的。所以需要有个返回值。比如int

cgiMain()这个函数就一定要有个返回值的，否则会报这个错误。

       12.运行网页时老出现错误：“mkstemp:No such file or diectory”
解决：不能用post，只能用get。因为post方式需要新建一个临时文件，这就需要用

到mkstemp函数。这个函数是在系统中以唯一的文件名创建一个文件并打开，且只有

当前用户才能访问这个临时文件。故权限不够，或其他什么问题都会报这个错误。

那么就用get吧！这里具体原因细节笔者暂时也不是很清楚...

       13.直接写的含有system()函数的c程序用arm-linux-gcc编译到板子上的可

以执行，而如果写在cgi中的就不一定能执行了。因为牵涉到一个cgi的权限的问题

。即使给你的cgi-bin文件夹下的所有cgi可执行文件都赋了权限，也不一定能执行

。
       解决办法就是看看你的boa.conf中的权限设置的如何。这里正确的应该是把

“User nobody Group nogroup”改为“User root  Group 0”，否则不能正确执行

！你会发现你的cgi可执行程序的其他代码都执行了，却只有这个system()函数没有

执行！