安装oracle出现的一些问题

今天在虚拟机上安装ORACLE 出现了一系列的问题，现将这些记录下来

最开始用sqlplus登陆后，startup 开启数据提示ORA-01078错误

SQL> startup;

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initorc1.ora'

 

ORACLE在启动的时候会首先去找spfile文件，如果没有则会去找pfile，但是2个文件都没有，所有报错

[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll /opt/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initorc1.ora

ls: /opt/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initorc1.ora: No such file or directory

 

使用默认的init.ora文件生成新的pfile文件

[oracle@node1 dbs]$ cp init.ora initorc1.ora

 

再尝试启动数据库，发现还是失败，提示shared pool memory太小了

SQL> startup;

ORA-00371: not enough shared pool memory, should be atleast 62198988 bytes

 

因为startup的时候是从pfile里读取shared pool memory值，所以手动修改为大于62198988的值

[oracle@node1 dbs]$ vim initorc1.ora

shared_pool_size = 70000000     

 

再尝试，发现报新的错误 ORA-00205

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  104857600 bytes

Fixed Size                  1217932 bytes

Variable Size              96471668 bytes

Database Buffers            4194304 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

 

因为最初控制文件是用的默认的，所有存在一些问题，把数据库sstartup到nomount状态，重建一个新的控制文件

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  104857600 bytes

Fixed Size                  1217932 bytes

Variable Size              96471668 bytes

Database Buffers            4194304 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

SQL> create controlfile reuse database 'orcl' noresetlogs noarchivelog

  2  maxlogfiles 16

  3  maxlogmembers 3

  4  maxdatafiles 100

  5  maxinstances 8

  6  maxloghistory 292

  7  logfile

  8  group 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log' size 50M,

  9  group 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' size 50M,

 10  group 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log' size 50M

 11  datafile

 12   '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf',

 13   '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf',

 14   '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf',

 15   '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf',

 16   '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf'

 17  character set we8iso8859p1

 18  ;

 

Control file created.

SQL> alter database open;

 

Database altered.

 

 

问题：

 

如果有以下错误提示则需要在pfile加入compatible = 10.2.0.1.0

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed

ORA-01130: database file version 10.2.0.1.0 incompatible with ORACLE version

10.2.0.0.0

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'

 

 

如果有一下提示 重新恢复下数据文件

SQL> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 5 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 5: '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf'

 

 

SQL> recover datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf'

Media recovery complete.