自从Gallery被谷歌废弃以后,Google推荐使用ViewPager和HorizontalScrollView来实现Gallery的效果。的确HorizontalScrollView可以实现Gallery的效果,但是HorizontalScrollView存在一个很大的问题,如果你仅是用来展示少量的图片,应该是没问题的,但是如果我希望HorizontalScrollView可以想ViewPager一样,既可以绑定数据集(动态改变图片),还能做到,不管多少图片都不会OOM(ViewPager内部一直初始化,回收,至多只保持3个View)。本篇博客首先介绍HorizontalScrollView的简单用法,然后会在此基础上进行扩展,自定义HorizontalScrollView实现我们上面提到的效果,类似一屏可以显示多个View的ViewPager,再多的图片也不怕OOM。
1、HorizontalScrollView的简单用法
HorizontalScrollView其实是FrameLayout的子类,所以内部只能有一个直接的子View。我们用来做Gallery效果,首选当然是LinearLayout,然后方向设置为水平。
1、布局文件:
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
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android:layout_width="match_parent"
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android:layout_height="match_parent"
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>
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<HorizontalScrollView
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android:layout_width="wrap_content"
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android:layout_height="150dp"
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android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
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android:background="#AA444444"
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android:scrollbars="none" >
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<LinearLayout
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android:id="@+id/id_gallery"
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android:layout_width="wrap_content"
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android:layout_height="wrap_content"
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android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
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android:orientation="horizontal" >
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LinearLayout>
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HorizontalScrollView>
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LinearLayout>
很简单,就一个HorizontalScrollView内部有个水平方向的LinearLayout
MainActivity:
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package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;
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import android.app.Activity;
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import android.os.Bundle;
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import android.view.LayoutInflater;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.Window;
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import android.widget.ImageView;
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import android.widget.LinearLayout;
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import android.widget.TextView;
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public class MainActivity extends Activity
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{
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private LinearLayout mGallery;
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private int[] mImgIds;
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private LayoutInflater mInflater;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
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{
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
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setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
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mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
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initData();
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initView();
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}
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private void initData()
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{
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mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.a, R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c,
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R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e, R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g,
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R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l };
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}
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private void initView()
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{
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mGallery = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_gallery);
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for (int i = 0; i < mImgIds.length; i++)
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{
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View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item,
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mGallery, false);
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ImageView img = (ImageView) view
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.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);
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img.setImageResource(mImgIds[i]);
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TextView txt = (TextView) view
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.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_text);
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txt.setText("some info ");
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mGallery.addView(view);
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}
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}
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}
很简单,我预先准备了一些图片直接放在了Drawble下,然后循环加入HorizontalScrollView的LinearLayout中即可,Item的布局就省了,后面会贴源码。
效果图:
效果还是不错的~如果只需要简单展示几张图片,直接用就可以了。
下面准备进入正题,HorizontalScrollView不管里面多少View都是不会回收的,当达到一定量的时候会发生OOM,下面介绍如何改写HorizontalScollView实现文章开始所说的效果。
2、自定义HorizontalScrollView
思想:
1、首先根据屏幕的大小和Item的大小,计算可以一个屏幕最多可以加载多少个Item,然后加载该数量Item。
2、当用户右滑(从右向左),滑动到一定距离时,加载下一张,删除第一张
3、当用户左滑(从左向右),滑动到一定距离时,加载上一张,删除最后一张
看下最后的效果图:
为了增加一定的趣味,做了一个类似上面的相册效果,支持拖动时自动变化,和点击变化~~是不是很赞~
1、首先看布局文件:
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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
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xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
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android:layout_width="match_parent"
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android:layout_height="match_parent"
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android:background="@android:color/white"
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android:orientation="vertical" >
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<FrameLayout
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="0dp"
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android:layout_weight="1" >
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<ImageView
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android:id="@+id/id_content"
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android:layout_width="fill_parent"
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android:layout_height="fill_parent"
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android:layout_gravity="center"
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android:layout_margin="10dp"
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android:scaleType="centerCrop"
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android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
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FrameLayout>
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<com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView
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android:id="@+id/id_horizontalScrollView"
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android:layout_width="wrap_content"
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android:layout_height="150dp"
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android:layout_gravity="bottom"
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android:background="@android:color/white"
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android:scrollbars="none" >
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<LinearLayout
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android:id="@+id/id_gallery"
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android:layout_width="wrap_content"
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android:layout_height="wrap_content"
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android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
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android:orientation="horizontal" >
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LinearLayout>
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com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView>
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LinearLayout>
没任何变化,除了把类名改成了我们自定义的类~
2、为了和国际接轨,我们也搞个Adapter,类似BaseAdapter
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package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;
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import java.util.List;
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import android.content.Context;
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import android.view.LayoutInflater;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.ViewGroup;
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import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
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import android.widget.ImageView;
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import android.widget.TextView;
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public class HorizontalScrollViewAdapter
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{
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private Context mContext;
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private LayoutInflater mInflater;
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private List mDatas;
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public HorizontalScrollViewAdapter(Context context, List mDatas)
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{
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this.mContext = context;
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mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
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this.mDatas = mDatas;
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}
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public int getCount()
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{
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return mDatas.size();
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}
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public Object getItem(int position)
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{
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return mDatas.get(position);
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}
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public long getItemId(int position)
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{
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return position;
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}
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public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
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{
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ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
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if (convertView == null)
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{
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viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
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convertView = mInflater.inflate(
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R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item, parent, false);
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viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) convertView
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.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);
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viewHolder.mText = (TextView) convertView
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.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_text);
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convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
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} else
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{
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viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
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}
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viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));
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viewHolder.mText.setText("some info ");
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return convertView;
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}
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private class ViewHolder
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{
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ImageView mImg;
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TextView mText;
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}
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}
3、下面先看用法:
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package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Arrays;
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import java.util.List;
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import android.app.Activity;
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import android.graphics.Color;
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import android.os.Bundle;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.Window;
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import android.widget.ImageView;
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import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView.CurrentImageChangeListener;
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import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView.OnItemClickListener;
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public class MainActivity extends Activity
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{
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private MyHorizontalScrollView mHorizontalScrollView;
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private HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter;
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private ImageView mImg;
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private List mDatas = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(
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R.drawable.a, R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d,
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R.drawable.e, R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h,
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R.drawable.l));
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
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{
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
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setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
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mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_content);
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mHorizontalScrollView = (MyHorizontalScrollView) findViewById(R.id.id_horizontalScrollView);
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mAdapter = new HorizontalScrollViewAdapter(this, mDatas);
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mHorizontalScrollView
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.setCurrentImageChangeListener(new CurrentImageChangeListener()
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{
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@Override
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public void onCurrentImgChanged(int position,
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View viewIndicator)
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{
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mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));
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viewIndicator.setBackgroundColor(Color
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.parseColor("#AA024DA4"));
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}
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});
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mHorizontalScrollView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
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{
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@Override
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public void onClick(View view, int position)
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{
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mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));
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view.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#AA024DA4"));
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}
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});
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mHorizontalScrollView.initDatas(mAdapter);
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}
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}
用起来是不是有点像ListView,初始化数据适配器,然后设置数据适配器,然后就是设置各种回调~~
如果仅仅是一堆图片展示,类似商品切换,更见简单,就不需要设置滚动监听和点击监听了~
4、最后看自定义的MyHorizontalScrollView类
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package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;
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import java.util.HashMap;
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import java.util.Map;
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import android.content.Context;
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import android.graphics.Color;
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import android.util.AttributeSet;
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import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
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import android.util.Log;
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import android.view.MotionEvent;
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import android.view.View;
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import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
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import android.view.WindowManager;
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import android.widget.HorizontalScrollView;
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import android.widget.LinearLayout;
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public class MyHorizontalScrollView extends HorizontalScrollView implements
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OnClickListener
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{
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public interface CurrentImageChangeListener
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{
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void onCurrentImgChanged(int position, View viewIndicator);
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}
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public interface OnItemClickListener
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{
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void onClick(View view, int pos);
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}
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private CurrentImageChangeListener mListener;
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private OnItemClickListener mOnClickListener;
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private static final String TAG = "MyHorizontalScrollView";
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private LinearLayout mContainer;
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private int mChildWidth;
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private int mChildHeight;
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private int mCurrentIndex;
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private int mFristIndex;
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private View mFirstView;
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private HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter;
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private int mCountOneScreen;
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private int mScreenWitdh;
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private Map mViewPos = new HashMap();
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public MyHorizontalScrollView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
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{
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super(context, attrs);
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WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) context
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.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
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DisplayMetrics outMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
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wm.getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(outMetrics);
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mScreenWitdh = outMetrics.widthPixels;
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}
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@Override
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protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)
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{
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super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
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mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);
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}
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protected void loadNextImg()
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{
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if (mCurrentIndex == mAdapter.getCount() - 1)
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{
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return;
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}
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scrollTo(0, 0);
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mViewPos.remove(mContainer.getChildAt(0));
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mContainer.removeViewAt(0);
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View view = mAdapter.getView(++mCurrentIndex, null, mContainer);
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view.setOnClickListener(this);
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mContainer.addView(view);
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mViewPos.put(view, mCurrentIndex);
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mFristIndex++;
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if (mListener != null)
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{
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notifyCurrentImgChanged();
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}
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}
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protected void loadPreImg()
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{
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if (mFristIndex == 0)
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return;
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int index = mCurrentIndex - mCountOneScreen;
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if (index >= 0)
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{
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int oldViewPos = mContainer.getChildCount() - 1;
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mViewPos.remove(mContainer.getChildAt(oldViewPos));
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mContainer.removeViewAt(oldViewPos);
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View view = mAdapter.getView(index, null, mContainer);
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mViewPos.put(view, index);
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mContainer.addView(view, 0);
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view.setOnClickListener(this);
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scrollTo(mChildWidth, 0);
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mCurrentIndex--;
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mFristIndex--;
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if (mListener != null)
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{
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notifyCurrentImgChanged();
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}
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}
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}
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public void notifyCurrentImgChanged()
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{
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for (int i = 0; i < mContainer.getChildCount(); i++)
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{
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mContainer.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);
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}
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mListener.onCurrentImgChanged(mFristIndex, mContainer.getChildAt(0));
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}
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public void initDatas(HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter)
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{
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this.mAdapter = mAdapter;
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mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);
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final View view = mAdapter.getView(0, null, mContainer);
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mContainer.addView(view);
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if (mChildWidth == 0 && mChildHeight == 0)
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{
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int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,
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View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
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int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,
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View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
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view.measure(w, h);
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mChildHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight();
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mChildWidth = view.getMeasuredWidth();
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Log.e(TAG, view.getMeasuredWidth() + "," + view.getMeasuredHeight());
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mChildHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight();
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mCountOneScreen = mScreenWitdh / mChildWidth+2;
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Log.e(TAG, "mCountOneScreen = " + mCountOneScreen
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+ " ,mChildWidth = " + mChildWidth);
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-
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}
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initFirstScreenChildren(mCountOneScreen);
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}
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public void initFirstScreenChildren(int mCountOneScreen)
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{
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mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);
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mContainer.removeAllViews();
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mViewPos.clear();
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for (int i = 0; i < mCountOneScreen; i++)
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{
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View view = mAdapter.getView(i, null, mContainer);
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view.setOnClickListener(this);
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mContainer.addView(view);
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mViewPos.put(view, i);
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mCurrentIndex = i;
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}
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if (mListener != null)
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{
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notifyCurrentImgChanged();
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}
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}
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@Override
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public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev)
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{
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switch (ev.getAction())
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{
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case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
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-
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int scrollX = getScrollX();
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if (scrollX >= mChildWidth)
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{
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loadNextImg();
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}
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if (scrollX == 0)
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{
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loadPreImg();
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}
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break;
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}
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return super.onTouchEvent(ev);
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}
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@Override
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public void onClick(View v)
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{
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if (mOnClickListener != null)
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{
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for (int i = 0; i < mContainer.getChildCount(); i++)
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{
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mContainer.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);
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}
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mOnClickListener.onClick(v, mViewPos.get(v));
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}
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}
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public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mOnClickListener)
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{
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this.mOnClickListener = mOnClickListener;
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}
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public void setCurrentImageChangeListener(
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CurrentImageChangeListener mListener)
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{
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this.mListener = mListener;
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}
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}
首先,加载第一个Item,根据item的宽计算当前屏幕可以加载多少张图片,然后初始化第一屏的图片,接下来就是从写onTouchEvent,在其中监听用户的ACTION_MOVE,然后根据移动的距离加载前一张或者后一张,同时动态移除不可见的View,回收内存~~~~
代码中有个Map专门存储View和posion的,主要是为了给点击回调提供当前的View的位置,有点类似:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果里面的Map的巧妙用法~~
是不是完全实现了ViewPager和HorizontalScrollView的合体~~~HorizontalScrollView的效果,ViewPager的特性~~~~
最后贴一下旋转屏幕后的效果图:
可以看出,不仅是做相册,还是图片轮播想过都是刚刚的!
如果你的项目中需要用到Gallery类似的效果,果断使用上例尝试吧~~
各位看官没事点个赞,留个言呗~