Debian8.5 setup

1. Installation

# 镜像选择
# choose
# debian-8.5.0-amd64-CD-1.iso    (含桌面等常用包)
OR
# debian-8.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso    （network install，base）

# 安装过程使用english，source 一定要选 Primary Debian mirror sites, e.g. ftp.cn.debian.org

#Choose software to install    (我只勾选了如下两项)

Debian desktop environment       (Gnome by default)
Standard system utilities

2. Update the packages list && Upgrade the packages 

＃配置 /etc/apt/sources.list
#  
			
			
				 
			
			
				# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 8.5.0 _Jessie_ - Official amd64 CD Binary-1 20160604-15:35]/ jessie main 
			
			
				 
			
			
				# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 8.5.0 _Jessie_ - Official amd64 CD Binary-1 20160604-15:35]/ jessie main 
			
			
				 
			
			
				# main 
			
			
				deb  jessie main contrib non-free 
			
			
				deb-src  jessie main contrib non-free 
			
			
				 
			
			
				# security 
			
			
				deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib 
			
			
				deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib 
			
			
				 
			
			
				# jessie-updates, previously known as 'volatile' 
			
			
				deb  jessie-updates main contrib non-free 
			
			
				deb-src  jessie-updates main contrib non-free

＃更新软件列表、升级软件包
$ apt-get update;apt-get upgrade
OR
$ aptitude update; aptitude safe-upgrade

3. Quick-start

配置网络 /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

＃To use DHCP
auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
iface eth0 inet6 dhcp

# To use STATIC IP ADDRESS
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
 address 172.16.7.11
 netmask 255.255.255.0
 network 172.16.7.0 #network, broadcast and gateway are optional
 broadcast 172.16.7.255
 gateway 172.16.7.7
 dns-nameservers 223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6 #Place the line indented within an iface stanza, right after the gateway line.
 dns-domain debian.org


配置 DNS /etc/resolv.conf
search debian.org
nameserver 10.1.1.36
nameserver 192.168.9.100
:wq

$ cat /etc/hostname        (查看主机名)
debian8

$ su -
# apt-get install sudo    (安装sudo)
# adduser ko sudo; grep ko /etc/group
# reboot    (OR    logout)

$ sudo apt-get install locales
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales  (使用中文的后果是，man 都会显示中文，内容特别老)
区域语言选择：zh_CN.UTF-8
默认语言选择：en_US.UTF-8

$ sudo apt-get install vim     (安装vim)
配置 ~/.vimrc
set nocp 
			
			
				"filetype off 
			
			
				filetype plugin indent on 
			
			
				 
			
			
				syntax on 
			
			
				set history=28 
			
			
				set hls is 
			
			
				set ic 
			
			
				set autoindent 
			
			
				"set cindent 
			
			
				set nobackup 
			
			
				set noswapfile 
			
			
				set backspace=2 
			
			
				set shiftwidth=1 
			
			
				set tabstop=1 
			
			
				set softtabstop=1 
			
			
				set expandtab 
			
			
				set ruler 
			
			
				set mouse=v 
			
			
				set showmatch 
			
			
				set cursorline 
			
			
				set fileencodings=utf-8 
			
			
				set number 
			
			
				 
			
			
				"set showcmd 
			
			
				"set autoread 
			
			
				set foldmethod=syntax 
			
			
				"set bg=dark 
			
			
				"set laststatus=2

$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server    (安装ssh server)
$ scp -r ./debian-conf ko@172.16.7.X:~ko/    （拷贝之前的配置文件到remote server）
            (# debian-conf包含我之前的配置文件：.bashrc .vimrc .zshrc interfaces resolv.conf sources.list)

$ sudo apt-get install tmux    (安装tmux)

# Automatically Starting tmux on SSH
#
ssh user@hostname -t tmux # create a new session, default name is 0
ssh user@hostname -t tmux attach # it will prefer the most recently used unattached session.


ssh user@hostname -t tmux attach -t target-session-name
ssh user@hostname -t tmux attach -t 0 #Attach to target session 0


ssh user@hostname -t -- /bin/sh -c 'tmux has-session && exec tmux attach-session || exec tmux'
explanation below:
#-- tells SSH that what follows is a command. Without this, you'll get a cryptic ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host error.
#/bin/sh -c allows us to use && and || in our command.
#exec replaces the /bin/sh process with tmux so that we don't have an extra process hanging around. If you don't care about this, a simple 'tmux attach || tmux' will do.


# 我自己用下面的方法
ssh user@hostname -t "tmux attach-session -t ko || tmux new-session -s ko"
#The tmux commands will connect to session ko if it already exists, or create a new session.

$ sudo apt-get install git     (安装git，提示：git-core 已经obsolete)
$ sudo apt-get install curl    (安装curl)
$ sudo apt-get install zsh     (安装zsh)
$ chsh -s $(which zsh); grep ko /etc/passwd
$ sudo reboot

Oh My Zsh Installation
Reference
配置 ~/.zshrc
alias wgetxx='wget -r -np -p -k -l 2'
alias curlxx='curl -fsSL'
alias ll='ls -l'
alias la='ls -a'
alias vi='vim'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias -s html=vi
alias -s rb=vi
alias -s py=vi
alias -s js=vi
alias -s c=vi
alias -s java=vi
alias -s txt=vi
alias -s gz='tar -zxvf'
alias -s tgz='tar -zxvf'
alias -s bz2='tar -jxvf'
alias -s zip='unzip -d ./output/'
alias cl='clear'
alias clhistory='cat /dev/null > ~/.zsh_history'
alias youtube='youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best''
#alias youtube='youtube-dl --no-mtime -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best''

4. vsftpd setup
安装配置vsftpd服务：

$ sudo apt-get install vsftpd (安装ftp服务)
$ sudo grep ftp /etc/{passwd,group} (查找ftp账号家目录)
/etc/passwd:ftp:x:112:119:ftp daemon,,,:/srv/ftp:/bin/false
/etc/group:ftp:x:119:

$ cd /srv/ftp; mkdir pub (创建pub文件夹)
$ chown -R root:ftp /srv/ftp (修改ftp家目录访问权限)
$ vim /etc/vsftpd.conf (修改ftp服务配置文件)

$ echo "welcome to yes4ko.com">/srv/ftp/pub/welcome.txt

5. Services Management
There are three simple utilities to manage your startup or init scripts：
开机运行服务管理：

$ /etc/init.d/vsftpd status (查看ftp服务状态)
$ invoke-rc.d vsftpd status (相当于Redhat系列 service vsftpd status)

$ aptitude install rcconf (相当于Redhat系列 setup)

$ aptitude install sysv-rc-conf
$ sysv-rc-conf --level 2345 vsftpd on (相当于Redhat系列 chkconfig --level 2345 vsftpd on)

$ update-rc.d vsftpd enable 2 3 4 5    (系统默认已安装)

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Reference：