分类： LINUX
2011-01-02 14:44:38
新版监控软件cacti安装
1、安装环境
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel freetype freetype-devel libart_lgpl libart_lgpl-devel libpng libpng-devel gd gd-devel openssl-devel
2、安装mysql数据库 ，php连接数据的文件件，apache，php，数据库开发包
yum -y install mysql mysql-server php-mysql httpd php mysql-devel
3、测试php
Phpinfo();
?>
4、连接下面的网站下载rrdtool 安装rrdtool
tar zxvf rrdtool-1.2.30.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.2.30
./configure
# make
# make install
rrdtool-1.2.30默认安装在/usr/local/rrdtool-1.2.30目录下。
ln -s /usr/local/rrdtool-1.2.30/bin/rrdtool /usr/local/bin/rrdtool
5.安装Cacti
cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz
tar zxvf cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/
cd /var/www/html/
mv cacti-0.8.7g/ cacti/
cd cacti
修改include/config.php内容如下：
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
$database_port = "3306";
修改include/global.php内容如下：
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
$database_port = "3306";
//添加cacti用户
# useradd cacti
//将rra目录的所有权给cacti用户
# chown –R cacti /var/www/html/cacti/rra
//修改cacti目录所属组
# chgrp –R cacti /var/www/html/cacti
//为cacti用户添加cron任务
# su – cacti
# crontab –e
*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
6、建立数据库与导入数据
mysql -uroot -p123
mysql> create database cacti default character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) ************环境为 set gb2312
mysql>grant all on cacti.* to " identified by "cacti";
[root@localhost cacti]# pwd
/var/www/html/cacti
[root@localhost cacti]# mysql -uroot -p123 cacti < cacti.sql
7、测试php与数据连接
mysql_connect('localhost','cacti','cacti') or die("NOT connect");
echo "ok!";
?>
8、安装net-snmp
# unzip net-snmp-5.6.zip
#cd net-snmp-5.6
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp --enable-developer
#make
#make install
# ln –s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
#cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf （下面有exampe.conf模板）
//修改snmpd.conf（修改COMMUNITY、允许抓取snmp数据的主机、抓取数据范围等）
# 1) 设置监控机的IP或监控机的网段，以及团体字映射到安全名
com2sec local 192.168.10.2 public
com2sec monitorhost 192.168.10.1 public
com2sec mynetwork1 92.168.1.0/24 public
# 2) 映射组名和安全名
group MyRWGroup v2c local
group MyRWGroup v2c monitorhost
group MyROGroup v2c mynetwork
# 3)设置mib subtree视图
view all included .1 80
# 4) 设置read/write权限
access MyROGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none
5）启动snmp
#/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /etc/snmpd.conf //启动SNMP服务
（将/usr/local/sbin/snmpd -c /etc/snmpd.conf 加入到/etc/rc.d/rc.local中，成为开机自动启动）
echo "/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /etc/snmpd.conf" >>/etc/rc.local
6）检查snmp启动情况
用netstat –anu 查一下是否监听：161端口；
或用 ps –ef |grep snmp可以检查snmpd的进程
7）测试snmp取数据
#
看是否可以出现正常的查询结果。
# snmpwalk -c public -v 2c localhost
在cacti服务器上运行# snmpwalk -c public -v 2c 装snmp服务器的ip
9、.安装spine（连接下面的地址下载）
spine 的安装需要以下支持：
o net-snmp-devel （需要编译安装net-snmp时添加--enable-developer选项）
o mysql
o mysql-devel （mysql源文件编译安装后默认支持）
o openssl-devel （Redhat默认安装）
# tar zxvf cacti-spine-0.8.7g.tar.gz
# cd cacti-spine-0.8.7g
#libtoolize --force
#autoconf
#autoheader
#automake
# ./configure --with-mysql=/usr/include/mysql/ --with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp
# make
//这时你将在此目录下看到多出了spine spine.conf.dist
#mkdir /usr/local/spine
# cp spine spine.conf.dist /usr/local/spine/
#cd /usr/local/spine
#cp spine.conf.dist spine.conf
# vi /usr/local/spine/spine.conf //修改spine.conf 配置文件
DB_Host 127.0.0.1
DB_Database cacti
DB_User cacti
DB_Pass cacti
10.完成cacti的安装
1）.在浏览器中输入：服务器ip/cacti/
默认用户名：admin 密码：admin
2）.更改密码
3）.设置cacti用到的命令路径
Console -> Settings ->Paths（相关设置）
snmpwalk Binary Path /usr/local/bin/snmpwalk
snmpget Binary Path /usr/local/bin/snmpget
snmpbulkwalk Binary Path /usr/local/bin/snmpbulkwalk
snmpgetnext Binary Path /usr/local/bin/snmpgetnext
RRDTool Binary Path /usr/local/bin/rrdtool
PHP Binary Path /usr/bin/php
Cacti Log File Path /var/www/html/cacti/log/cacti.log
Spine Poller File Path /usr/local/spine/spine
4）Console -> Settings -> General(注意设置)
SNMP Utility Version （选择自己安装的版本）NET-SNMP 5.X
RRDTool Utility Version （选择自己安装的版本）RRDtool 1.2.x
5)Console -> Settings -> Poller
Poller Type spine(也可选cmd.php)
配置cacti安装结束了下面是snmpd.conf配置文件的模板
############################################################
#
# EXAMPLE.conf:
# An example configuration file for configuring the ucd-snmp snmpd agent.
#
###############################################################################
#
# This file is intended to only be an example. If, however, you want
# to use it, it should be placed in /usr/local/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.
# When the snmpd agent starts up, this is where it will look for it.
#
# You might be interested in generating your own snmpd.conf file using
# the "snmpconf" program (perl script) instead. It's a nice menu
# based interface to writing well commented configuration files. Try it!
#
# Note: This file is automatically generated from EXAMPLE.conf.def.
# Do NOT read the EXAMPLE.conf.def file! Instead, after you have run
# configure & make, and then make sure you read the EXAMPLE.conf file
# instead, as it will tailor itself to your configuration.
# All lines beginning with a '#' are comments and are intended for you
# to read. All other lines are configuration commands for the agent.
#
# PLEASE: read the snmpd.conf(5) manual page as well!
#
###############################################################################
# Access Control
###############################################################################
# YOU SHOULD CHANGE THE "COMMUNITY" TOKEN BELOW TO A NEW KEYWORD ONLY
# KNOWN AT YOUR SITE. YOU *MUST* CHANGE THE NETWORK TOKEN BELOW TO
# SOMETHING REFLECTING YOUR LOCAL NETWORK ADDRESS SPACE.
# By far, the most common question I get about the agent is "why won't
# it work?", when really it should be "how do I configure the agent to
# allow me to access it?"
#
# By default, the agent responds to the "public" community for read
# only access, if run out of the box without any configuration file in
# place. The following examples show you other ways of configuring
# the agent so that you can change the community names, and give
# yourself write access as well.
#
# The following lines change the access permissions of the agent so
# that the COMMUNITY string provides read-only access to your entire
# NETWORK (EG: 10.10.10.0/24), and read/write access to only the
# localhost (127.0.0.1, not its real ipaddress).
#
# For more information, read the FAQ as well as the snmpd.conf(5)
# manual page.
####
# First, map the community name (COMMUNITY) into a security name
# (local and mynetwork, depending on where the request is coming
# from):
# sec.name source community
com2sec local localhost public
com2sec mynetwork 192.168.211.0/24 public
####
# Second, map the security names into group names:
# sec.model sec.name
group MyRWGroup v1 local
group MyRWGroup v2c local
group MyRWGroup usm local
group MyRWGroup usm initial
group MyROGroup v1 mynetwork
group MyROGroup v2c mynetwork
group MyROGroup usm mynetwork
####
# Third, create a view for us to let the groups have rights to:
# incl/excl subtree mask
view all included .1 80
####
# Finally, grant the 2 groups access to the 1 view with different
# write permissions:
# context sec.model sec.level match read write notif
access MyROGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
rwuser initial priv
createUser initial MD5 auth_pass DES priv_pass
###############################################################################
# System contact information
#
# It is also possible to set the sysContact and sysLocation system
# variables through the snmpd.conf file. **PLEASE NOTE** that setting
# the value of these objects here makes these objects READ-ONLY
# (regardless of any access control settings). Any attempt to set the
# value of an object whose value is given here will fail with an error
# status of notWritable.
# syslocation Right here, right now.
syscontact G. S. Marzot <>
# Example output of snmpwalk:
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost system
# system.sysDescr.0 = "SunOS name sun4c"
# system.sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.ucdavis.ucdSnmpAgent.sunos4
# system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (595637548) 68 days, 22:32:55
# system.sysContact.0 = "Me <>"
# system.sysName.0 = "name"
# system.sysLocation.0 = "Right here, right now."
# system.sysServices.0 = 72
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
###############################################################################
# Process checks.
#
# The following are examples of how to use the agent to check for
# processes running on the host. The syntax looks something like:
#
# proc NAME [MAX=0] [MIN=0]
#
# NAME: the name of the process to check for. It must match
# exactly (ie, http will not find httpd processes).
# MAX: the maximum number allowed to be running. Defaults to 0.
# MIN: the minimum number to be running. Defaults to 0.
#
# Examples:
#
# Make sure mountd is running
proc mountd
# Make sure there are no more than 4 ntalkds running, but 0 is ok too.
proc ntalkd 4
# Make sure at least one sendmail, but less than or equal to 10 are running.
proc sendmail 10 1
# A snmpwalk of the prTable would look something like this:
#
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.1 = "mountd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.2 = "ntalkd"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prNames.3 = "sendmail"
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMin.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.2 = 4
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prMax.3 = 10
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prCount.3 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.1 = "No mountd process running."
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrMessage.3 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.procTable.prEntry.prErrFix.3 = 0
#
# Note that the errorFlag for mountd is set to 1 because one is not
# running (in this case an rpc.mountd is, but thats not good enough),
# and the ErrMessage tells you what's wrong. The configuration
# imposed in the snmpd.conf file is also shown.
#
# Special Case: When the min and max numbers are both 0, it assumes
# you want a max of infinity and a min of 1.
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
###############################################################################
# Executables/scripts
#
#
# You can also have programs run by the agent that return a single
# line of output and an exit code. Here are two examples.
#
# exec NAME PROGRAM [ARGS ...]
#
# NAME: A generic name.
# PROGRAM: The program to run. Include the path!
# ARGS: optional arguments to be passed to the program
# a simple hello world
exec echotest /bin/echo hello world
# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note: this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do. Uncomment to use it.
#
#exec shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest
# Then,
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.1 = "echotest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extNames.2 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.1 = "/bin/echo hello world"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extCommand.2 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extResult.2 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extOutput.2 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.extTable.extEntry.extErrFix.2 = 0
# Note that the second line of the /tmp/shtest shell script is cut
# off. Also note that the exit status of 35 was returned.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
###############################################################################
# disk checks
#
# The agent can check the amount of available disk space, and make
# sure it is above a set limit.
# disk PATH [MIN=DEFDISKMINIMUMSPACE]
#
# PATH: mount path to the disk in question.
# MIN: Disks with space below this value will have the Mib's errorFlag set.
# Default value = DEFDISKMINIMUMSPACE.
# Check the / partition and make sure it contains at least 10 megs.
disk / 10000
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskIndex.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPath.1 = "/" Hex: 2F
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskDevice.1 = "/dev/dsk/c201d6s0"
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskMinimum.1 = 10000
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskTotal.1 = 837130
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskAvail.1 = 316325
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskUsed.1 = 437092
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskPercent.1 = 58
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.diskTable.dskEntry.diskErrorMsg.1 = ""
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
###############################################################################
# load average checks
#
# load [1MAX=DEFMAXLOADAVE] [5MAX=DEFMAXLOADAVE] [15MAX=DEFMAXLOADAVE]
#
# 1MAX: If the 1 minute load average is above this limit at query
# time, the errorFlag will be set.
# 5MAX: Similar, but for 5 min average.
# 15MAX: Similar, but for 15 min average.
# Check for loads:
load 12 14 14
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.2 = 2
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveIndex.3 = 3
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.1 = "Load-1"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.2 = "Load-5"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveNames.3 = "Load-15"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.1 = "0.49" Hex: 30 2E 34 39
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.2 = "0.31" Hex: 30 2E 33 31
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveLoad.3 = "0.26" Hex: 30 2E 32 36
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.1 = "12.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.2 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveConfig.3 = "14.00"
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.1 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.2 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrorFlag.3 = 0
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.1 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.2 = ""
# enterprises.ucdavis.loadTable.laEntry.loadaveErrMessage.3 = ""
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
###############################################################################
# Extensible sections.
#
# This alleviates the multiple line output problem found in the
# previous executable mib by placing each mib in its own mib table:
# Run a shell script containing:
#
# #!/bin/sh
# echo hello world
# echo hi there
# exit 35
#
# Note: this has been specifically commented out to prevent
# accidental security holes due to someone else on your system writing
# a /tmp/shtest before you do. Uncomment to use it.
#
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50 shelltest /bin/sh /tmp/shtest
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.50
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.1.1 = 1
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.2.1 = "shelltest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.3.1 = "/bin/sh /tmp/shtest"
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.100.1 = 35
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.1 = "hello world."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.101.2 = "hi there."
# enterprises.ucdavis.50.102.1 = 0
# Now the Output has grown to two lines, and we can see the 'hi
# there.' output as the second line from our shell script.
#
# Note that you must alter the mib.txt file to be correct if you want
# the .50.* outputs above to change to reasonable text descriptions.
# Other ideas:
#
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.51 ps /bin/ps
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.52 top /usr/local/bin/top
# exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.53 mailq /usr/bin/mailq
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
###############################################################################
# Pass through control.
#
# Usage:
# pass MIBOID EXEC-COMMAND
#
# This will pass total control of the mib underneath the MIBOID
# portion of the mib to the EXEC-COMMAND.
#
# Note: You'll have to change the path of the passtest script to your
# source directory or install it in the given location.
#
# Example: (see the script for details)
# (commented out here since it requires that you place the
# script in the right location. (its not installed by default))
# pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255 /bin/sh PREFIX/local/passtest
# % snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "life the universe and everything"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.1 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.2.2 = OID: 42.42.42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.3 = Timeticks: (363136200) 42 days, 0:42:42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.4 = IpAddress: 127.0.0.1
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.6 = Gauge: 42
#
# % snmpget -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.5
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.5 = 42
#
# % snmpset -v 1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.255.1 s "New string"
# enterprises.ucdavis.255.1 = "New string"
#
# For specific usage information, see the man/snmpd.conf.5 manual page
# as well as the local/passtest script used in the above example.
###############################################################################
# Subagent control
#
# The agent can support subagents using a number of extension mechanisms.
# From the 4.2.1 release, AgentX support is being compiled in by default.
# However, this is still experimental code, so should not be used on
# critical production systems.
# Please see the file README.agentx for more details.
#
# If having read, marked, learnt and inwardly digested this information,
# you decide that you do wish to make use of this mechanism, simply
# uncomment the following directive.
#
# master agentx
#
# I repeat - this is *NOT* regarded as suitable for front-line production
# systems, though it is probably stable enough for day-to-day use.
# Probably.
#
# No refunds will be given.
###############################################################################
# Further Information
#
# See the snmpd.conf manual page, and the output of "snmpd -H".
# MUCH more can be done with the snmpd.conf than is shown as an
# example here.
certSecName 10 D020A78EAF99FCE276AA9F43063A69698E4F75D1 --rfc822
rwuser -s tsm
trustCert D020A78EAF99FCE276AA9F43063A69698E4F75D1
###############################################################
