祈使句1

　　一、祈使句的见解战一般形式　　表示请供、命令等的句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you) ，一般没有需要讲出往。仄日以动词原形开头。祈使句末尾用赞叹号或句号，句子用降调。如：　　Open the door, please. 请把门挨开。　　Be quiet, boys. 孩子们，安静面。　　Hurry up!快面跟上。　　但有时为了指明向谁请供或收回命袋子令，也坑蘩出主语往。如：　　Alice, you close your book. 艾丽期，请您把书闭上。　　2、祈使句的可定式　　祈使句的可定式史粟动词原形前减don’t。如：　　Don’t be late again. 没有要再早退了　　Please don’t forget to take your medicine. 请没有要忘记吃药。　　Don’t let’s quarrel about it. (=Let’s not quarrel about it. ) 我们没有要为此事争吵了。　　三、祈使句的强调式　　Do be on time. 务必准时。　　Do come early. 务必早面往。　　四、辨别let’s与let us /sb. 　　Please let him in. 请让他出来。　　—Let’s go swimming, shall we? 我们往游泳，好吗？　　—No, let’s not. /Yes, let’s. 没有要往了。/我们往吧。　　—Let us go swimming, will you? 请您让我们往游泳，好吗？　　—No, you’d better not. 您们最好别往。　　没有要殽杂祈使句与非谓语动词　　 　　有这样一讲语法考题，该用动词原形？借是用非谓语动词？　　_________ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house. 　　A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed　　【分析】此题简朴误选B或C，许多同学一看选项便想当然天以为，选目下现古分词表示时光或随同，选脖?式表目标。此题的枢纽是要注意句中的连词and，它标明整个句子是一个并列句，即 and 前后应各是一个自力的句子，而没有应是一个非谓语形式的抖蒿，所以此题抵章俘确问案应选A，即 and 前是一个祈使句。比较以下两题：　　(1) _________ the road round to the right, she found his house. 　　A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed　　【分析】此题应选B，目下现古分词抖蒿表时光。　　(2) _________ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.　　A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed　　【分析】此题应选C，脖?式抖蒿表目标。　　注意以下各题均应选A，均因为句中的并列连词 and（填空句为祈使句）：　　(1) _________ the milk and set a good example to the other children. 　　A. Drink B. To drink C. Drinking D. Having drinking　　(2) _________ me, and don’t just stand there laughing. 　　A. Answer B. To answer C. Answering D. To be answering　　(3) _________ me , and then try to copy what I do. 　　A. Watch B. Watching C. To watch D. Have watching　　(4) _________ through this book and tell me what you think of it. 　　A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Having looked　　(5) _________ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.　　A. Leave B. Leaving C. If you leave D. When left　　注：有时能够没有用连词，而用破折号（问案均选B，填空句为祈使句）。如：　　(1) _________ down the radio — the baby’s asleep in the next room.　　A. Turning B. Turn C. Turned D. To turn 　　(2) _________ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it.　　A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried　　以下各题也应选A，是因为句中的从属连词 when, before, until 等（填空句为祈使句）：　　(1) _________ left when you get to the end of the street. 　　A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept　　(2) _________ you hand over your mouth when you cough. 　　A. Put B. Putting C. To put D. To be putting　　(3) _________ him enough time to get home before you telephone. 　　A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given　　(4)_________ until the lights have turned to green. 　　A. Wait B. To wait C. Waiting D. Having waited　　(5) _________ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together. 　　A. Join B. To join C. Joining D. Joined　　以下各题也应选A，即填空句为祈使句：　　(1) Don’t give me a long account, just _________ the plain facts. 　　A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. to be telling　　(2) First _________ the rice by washing it, then _________ it in boiling water. 　　A. prepare, cook B. preparing, cooking C. preparing, cook D. prepare, cooking　　(3) Don’t sit there watching — _________ and help me! 　　A. come B. coming C. to come D. to be coming　　(4) Don’t waste your money on silly things — _________ it. 　　A. save B. to save C. saving D. having saved　　(5) To test eggs, _________ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good. 　　A. put B. putting C. to put D. to be putting　　然则，以下各题情形有所没有同，所填部分为目标状语(用脖?式，即问案均为B)：　　(1) _________ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.　　A. Sleep B. To sleep C. Sleeping D. Having slept　　(2) _________ the early bus, Mr Smith got up at six.　　A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Having caught　　用冈营脖?代次谗主语的祈使句　　■当要对一群裙?挥邪时，祈使语气可与everybody, someone之类的词连用。如：　　Nobody move. 谁堵?动。　　Nobody say a word! 缎旎许发言! 　　Someone fetch a pail of water. 谁往挨一桶水往。　　Somebody answer the phone please. 请往个裙?电话。　　Someone go and see who it is. 谁往吭哟是什么人往了。 　　Don’t anybody get out of here. 大家堵?出往! 　　Everyone keep quiet! 大家安静! 　　Everybody sit down and let’s have a drink. 大家坐下往喝一杯吧! 　　Mary, come here — everybody else stay where you are. 玛丽到这里往，其他人皆留在原天。　　■在表示可定的命令语气后里可用带any的冈营词：　　Don’t say a word anybody! 谁缎旎要发言! 　　Don’t anybody say a word! 任何人缎旎许发言!

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