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分类: LINUX

2012-11-23 16:23:28

以前有意找这方面的资料,今天突然发现在系统中就有
linux系统用man hier
solaris用man  filesystem
其结果如下
       /      This is the root directory.  This is where the whole tree starts.

       /bin   This directory contains executable programs which are needed in sin-
              gle user mode and to bring the system up or repair it.

       /boot  Contains static files for the  boot  loader.   This  directory  only
              holds  the  files which are needed during the boot process.  The map
              installer and configuration files should go to /sbin and /etc.

       /dev   Special or device files,  which  refer  to  physical  devices.   See
              mknod(1).

       /dos   If  both MS-DOS and Linux are run on one computer, this is a typical
              place to mount a DOS file system.

       /etc   Contains configuration files which are local to the  machine.   Some
              larger  software  packages, like X11, can have their own subdirecto-
              ries below /etc.  Site-wide configuration files may be  placed  here
              or in /usr/etc.  Nevertheless, programs should always look for these
              files in /etc and you may have links for these files to /usr/etc.

       /etc/opt
              Host-specific configuration files for add-on applications  installed
              in /opt.

       /etc/sgml
              This  directory  contains  the  configuration files for SGML and XML
              (optional).

       /etc/skel
              When a new user account is created, files from  this  directory  are
              usually copied into the user’s home directory.

       /etc/X11
              Configuration files for the X11 window system (optional).

       /home  On  machines  with  home  directories  for  users, these are usually
              beneath this directory, directly or  not.   The  structure  of  this
              directory depends on local administration decisions.

       /lib   This directory should hold those shared libraries that are necessary
              to boot the system and to run the commands in the root filesystem.

       /mnt   This  directory  contains  mount  points  for  temporarily   mounted
              filesystems

       /opt   This  directory  should  contain add-on packages that contain static
              files.

       /proc  This is a mount point for the proc filesystem, which provides infor-
              mation  about  running  processes  and the kernel.  This pseudo-file
              system is described in more detail in proc(5).

       /root  This directory is usually the  home  directory  for  the  root  user
              (optional).

       /sbin  Like  /bin, this directory holds commands needed to boot the system,
              but which are usually not executed by normal users.

       /tmp   This directory contains temporary files which may be deleted with no
              notice, such as by a regular job or at system boot up.

       /usr   This  directory  is  usually  mounted from a separate partition.  It
              should hold only sharable, read-only data, so that it can be mounted
              by various machines running Linux.

       /usr/X11R6
              The X-Window system, version 11 release 6 (optional).

       /usr/X11R6/bin
              Binaries  which  belong  to  the X-Windows system; often, there is a
              symbolic link from the more traditional /usr/bin/X11 to here.

       /usr/X11R6/lib
              Data files associated with the X-Windows system.

       /usr/X11R6/lib/X11
              These contain miscellaneous files needed to run X;  Often, there  is
              a symbolic link from /usr/lib/X11 to this directory.

       /usr/X11R6/include/X11
              Contains  include  files needed for compiling programs using the X11
              window   system.    Often,   there   is   a   symbolic   link   from
              /usr/include/X11 to this directory.

       /usr/bin
              This  is  the  primary directory for executable programs.  Most pro-
              grams executed by normal users which are not needed for  booting  or
              for  repairing the system and which are not installed locally should
              be placed in this directory.

       /usr/bin/X11
              is the traditional place to look for X11 executables; on  Linux,  it
              usually is a symbolic link to /usr/X11R6/bin.

       /usr/dict
              Replaced by /usr/share/dict.

       /usr/doc
              Replaced by /usr/share/doc.

       /usr/etc
              Site-wide  configuration files to be shared between several machines
              may be stored in this directory.  However,  commands  should  always
              reference those files using the /etc directory.  Links from files in
              /etc should point to the appropriate files in /usr/etc.

       /usr/games
              Binaries for games and educational programs (optional).

       /usr/include
              Include files for the C compiler.

       /usr/include/X11
              Include files for the C compiler and the X-Windows system.  This  is
              usually a symbolic link to /usr/X11R6/include/X11.

       /usr/include/asm
              Include  files which declare some assembler functions.  This used to
              be a symbolic link to /usr/src/linux/include/asm.

       /usr/include/linux
              This contains information which may change from  system  release  to
              system    release    and   used   to   be   a   symbolic   link   to
              /usr/src/linux/include/linux to get  at  operating  system  specific
              information.

              (Note  that  one should have include files there that work correctly
              with the current libc and  in  user  space.  However,  Linux  kernel
              source  is  not  designed to be used with user programs and does not
              know anything about the libc you are using. It is very  likely  that
              things will break if you let /usr/include/asm and /usr/include/linux
              point at a random kernel tree. Debian systems don’t do this and  use
              headers  from a known good kernel version, provided in the libc*-dev
              package.)

       /usr/include/g++
              Include files to use with the GNU C++ compiler.

       /usr/lib
              Object libraries, including dynamic libraries, plus some executables
              which  usually  are not invoked directly.  More complicated programs
              may have whole subdirectories there.

       /usr/lib/X11
              The usual place for data files associated with X programs, and  con-
              figuration files for the X system itself.  On Linux, it usually is a
              symbolic link to /usr/X11R6/lib/X11.

       /usr/lib/gcc-lib
              contains executables and include  files  for  the  GNU  C  compiler,
              gcc(1).

       /usr/lib/groff
              Files for the GNU groff document formatting system.

       /usr/lib/uucp
              Files for uucp(1).

       /usr/local
              This is where programs which are local to the site typically go.

       /usr/local/bin
              Binaries for programs local to the site.

       /usr/local/doc
              Local documentation.

       /usr/local/etc
              Configuration files associated with locally installed programs.

       /usr/local/games
              Binaries for locally installed games.

       /usr/local/lib
              Files associated with locally installed programs.

       /usr/local/include
              Header files for the local C compiler.

       /usr/local/info
              Info pages associated with locally installed programs.

       /usr/local/man
              Man pages associated with locally installed programs.

       /usr/local/sbin
              Locally installed programs for system administration.

       /usr/local/share
              Local  application data that can be shared among different architec-
              tures of the same OS.

       /usr/local/src
              Source code for locally installed software.

       /usr/man
              Replaced by /usr/share/man.

       /usr/sbin
              This directory contains program binaries for  system  administration
              which  are not essential for the boot process, for mounting /usr, or
              for system repair.

       /usr/share
              This directory contains  subdirectories  with  specific  application
              data,  that  can be shared among different architectures of the same
              OS.  Often one finds stuff here that used to  live  in  /usr/doc  or
              /usr/lib or /usr/man.

       /usr/share/dict
              Contains the word lists used by spell checkers.

       /usr/share/doc
              Documentation about installed programs.

       /usr/share/games
              Static data files for games in /usr/games.

       /usr/share/info
              Info pages go here.

       /usr/share/locale
              Locale information goes here.

       /usr/share/man
              Manual  pages  go  here  in subdirectories according to the man page
              sections.

       /usr/share/man//man[1-9]
              These directories contain manual pages for the  specific  locale  in
              source  code  form. Systems which use a unique language and code set
              for all manual pages may omit the substring.

       /usr/share/misc
              Miscellaneous data that can be shared among different  architectures
              of the same OS.

       /usr/share/nls
              The message catalogs for native language support go here.

       /usr/share/sgml
              Files for SGML and XML.

       /usr/share/terminfo
              The database for terminfo.

       /usr/share/tmac
              Troff macros that are not distributed with groff.

       /usr/share/zoneinfo
              Files for timezone information.

       /usr/src
              Source  files  for different parts of the system, included with some
              packages for reference purposes.  Don’t  work  here  with  your  own
              projects,  as  files  below  /usr  should  be  read-only except when
              installing software.

       /usr/src/linux
              This was the traditional place for the kernel source.  Some  distri-
              butions  put  here the source for the default kernel they ship.  You
              should probably use another directory when building your own kernel.

       /usr/tmp
              Obsolete.  This  should be a link to /var/tmp.  This link is present
              only for compatibility reasons and shouldn’t be used.

       /var   This directory contains files which may  change  in  size,  such  as
              spool and log files.

       /var/adm
              This  directory  is  superseded by /var/log and should be a symbolic
              link to /var/log.

       /var/backups
              Reserved for historical reasons.

       /var/cache
              Data cached for programs.

       /var/catman/cat[1-9] or /var/cache/man/cat[1-9]
              These directories contain preformatted  manual  pages  according  to
              their  man  page  section.  (The use of preformatted manual pages is
              deprecated.)

       /var/cron
              Reserved for historical reasons.

       /var/lib
              Variable state information for programs.

       /var/local
              Variable data for /usr/local.

       /var/lock
              Lock files are placed in this directory.  The naming convention  for
              device  lock  files  is LCK.. where is the device’s
              name in the filesystem.  The format used is that of  HDU  UUCP  lock
              files, i.e. lock files contain a PID as a 10-byte ASCII decimal num-
              ber, followed by a newline character.

       /var/log
              Miscellaneous log files.

       /var/opt
              Variable data for /opt.

       /var/mail
              Users’ mailboxes. Replaces /var/spool/mail.

       /var/msgs
              Reserved for historical reasons.

       /var/preserve
              Reserved for historical reasons.

       /var/run
              Run-time variable files,  like  files  holding  process  identifiers
              (PIDs)  and logged user information (utmp).  Files in this directory
              are usually cleared when the system boots.

       /var/spool
              Spooled (or queued) files for various programs.

       /var/spool/at
              Spooled jobs for at(1).

       /var/spool/cron
              Spooled jobs for cron(1).

       /var/spool/lpd
              Spooled files for printing.

       /var/spool/mail
              Replaced by /var/mail.

       /var/spool/mqueue
              Queued outgoing mail.

       /var/spool/news
              Spool directory for news.

       /var/spool/rwho
              Spooled files for rwhod(8).

       /var/spool/smail
              Spooled files for the smail(1) mail delivery program.

       /var/spool/uucp
              Spooled files for uucp(1).

       /var/tmp
              Like /tmp, this  directory  holds  temporary  files  stored  for  an
              unspecified duration.

       /var/yp
              Database files for NIS.

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