安装软件，.tar.gz注意

今天，想要搭建LAMP，下载的软件都是.tar.gz格式的，以前都是，从网上随便看看，照着命令一条条敲，并不明白那是什么意思，今天特意留意了一下，明白了一些以前不懂的知识。
#tar -xvzf ***.tar.gz
#cd ***
进入解压的目录，看一下结构，一般的软件都会放一个INSTALL,用vi打开，发现是安装的注意事项，
下面是php的INSTALL
 406
 407    Example 2-4. Installation Instructions (Apache 2 Shared Module Version)
 408 1.  gzip -d httpd-2_0_NN.tar.gz
 409 2.  tar xvf httpd-2_0_NN.tar
 410 3.  gunzip php-NN.tar.gz
 411 4.  tar -xvf php-NN.tar
 412 5.  cd httpd-2_0_NN
 413 6.  ./configure --enable-so
 414 7.  make
 415 8.  make install
 416
 417     Now you have Apache 2.0.NN available under /usr/local/apache2,
 418     configured with loadable module support and the standard MPM prefork.
 419     To test the installation use your normal procedure for starting
 420     the Apache server, e.g.:
 421     /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
 422     and stop the server to go on with the configuration for PHP:
 423     /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop.
 424
 425 9.  cd ../php-NN
 426
 427 10. Now, configure your PHP.  This is where you customize your PHP
 428     with various options, like which extensions will be enabled.  Do a
 429     ./configure --help for a list of available options.  In our example
 430     we'll do a simple configure with Apache 2 and MySQL support.  Your
 431     path to apxs may differ, in fact, the binary may even be named apxs2 on
 432     your system.
 433
 434       ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql
 435
 436 11. make
 437 12. make install
 438
 439     If you decide to change your configure options after installation,
 440     you only need to repeat the last three steps. You only need to
 441     restart apache for the new module to take effect. A recompile of
 442     Apache is not needed.
里面讲述了安装的基本的过程，甚至还教你怎么装apache
下面是apache的INSTALL
  2   APACHE INSTALLATION OVERVIEW
  3
  4   Quick Start - Unix
  5   ------------------
  6
  7   For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or
  8  
  9
 10      $ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
 11      $ make
 12      $ make install
 13      $ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start
 14
 15      NOTES: * Replace PREFIX with the filesystem path under which
 16               Apache should be installed.  A typical installation
 17               might use "/usr/local/apache2" for PREFIX (without the
 18               quotes).
基本讲述了最常用的安装方法
目录下还会有比较重要的文件就是configure，vi打开可知这是个shell脚本，都是一些安装配置
可以这样看，怎么配置
#./configure --help
然后就可以，知道都有那些可以配置的，一般都会有
--prefix=Path，这是安装路径
看懂了这些，就能比较明白的配置，然后
#make
#make test
#make install
就比较心中有数了。。。