使用snmp4j实现Snmp功能（一）

snmp4j的jar包可以在它的官方网站上下载，我就不啰嗦了。

接下来直接贴代码：

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import java.io.IOException;  
 
import java.util.Vector;  
 
   
 
import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;  
 
import org.snmp4j.PDU;  
 
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;  
 
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;  
 
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;  
 
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;  
 
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;  
 
   
 
public class SnmpUtil {  
 
   
 
       private Snmp snmp = null;  
 
   
 
       private Address targetAddress = null;  
 
   
 
       public void initComm() throws IOException {  
 
                
 
              // 设置Agent方的IP和端口  
 
              targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:127.0.0.1/161");  
 
              TransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();  
 
              snmp = new Snmp(transport);  
 
              transport.listen();  
 
       }  
 
   
 
       public void sendPDU() throws IOException {  
 
              // 设置 target  
 
              CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();  
 
              target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));  
 
              target.setAddress(targetAddress);  
 
              // 通信不成功时的重试次数  
 
              target.setRetries(2);  
 
              // 超时时间  
 
              target.setTimeout(1500);  
 
              target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);  
 
              // 创建 PDU  
 
              PDU pdu = new PDU();  
 
              pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 })));  
 
              // MIB的访问方式  
 
              pdu.setType(PDU.GET);  
 
              // 向Agent发送PDU，并接收Response  
 
              ResponseEvent respEvnt = snmp.send(pdu, target);  
 
              // 解析Response  
 
              if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {  
 
                     Vector recVBs = respEvnt.getResponse()  
 
                                   .getVariableBindings();  
 
                     for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {  
 
                            VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);  
 
                            System.out.println(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());  
 
                     }  
 
              }  
 
       }  
 
   
 
       public static void main(String[] args) {  
 
              try {  
 
                     SnmpUtil util = new SnmpUtil();  
 
                     util.initComm();  
 
                     util.sendPDU();  
 
              } catch (IOException e) {  
 
                     e.printStackTrace();  
 
              }  
 
       }  
 
} 
import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Vector;

 

import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;

import org.snmp4j.PDU;

import org.snmp4j.Snmp;

import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;

import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;

import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;

import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;

import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;

import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;

import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;

import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;

import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;

 

public class SnmpUtil {

 

       private Snmp snmp = null;

 

       private Address targetAddress = null;

 

       public void initComm() throws IOException {

             

              // 设置Agent方的IP和端口

              targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:127.0.0.1/161");

              TransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();

              snmp = new Snmp(transport);

              transport.listen();

       }

 

       public void sendPDU() throws IOException {

              // 设置 target

              CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();

              target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));

              target.setAddress(targetAddress);

              // 通信不成功时的重试次数

              target.setRetries(2);

              // 超时时间

              target.setTimeout(1500);

              target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);

              // 创建 PDU

              PDU pdu = new PDU();

              pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 })));

              // MIB的访问方式

              pdu.setType(PDU.GET);

              // 向Agent发送PDU，并接收Response

              ResponseEvent respEvnt = snmp.send(pdu, target);

              // 解析Response

              if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {

                     Vector recVBs = respEvnt.getResponse()

                                   .getVariableBindings();

                     for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {

                            VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);

                            System.out.println(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());

                     }

              }

       }

 

       public static void main(String[] args) {

              try {

                     SnmpUtil util = new SnmpUtil();

                     util.initComm();

                     util.sendPDU();

              } catch (IOException e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              }

       }

}
 

上面的这段代码直接参考snmp4j API说明文档中提供的例子，是一个最简单的snmp4j的应用。只要你的机器里安装了snmp通讯组件，上面的代码应该可以运行成功。

在上一个例子中，我们只做了读取的工作，接下来，我们进行一下设置操作，通过Snmp修改读取的机器名。
    public的默认权限是只读，要想进行写操作，我们必须进行手动的设置。具体的做法是：进入管理工具→服务，找到Snmp Service→属性→安全。在这个选项卡中我们可以看到public的权限是只读，你可以修改public的权限，也可以重新创建一个community。从安全角度来讲当然应该新建一个，在这里为了测试方便，我就直接给public添加写入权限了。
    接下来就可以编写代码了，我把上面的例子重构一下，代码如下：
 接下来就可以编写代码了，我把上面的例子重构一下，代码如下：
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import java.io.IOException;  
 
import java.util.Vector;  
 
   
 
import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;  
 
import org.snmp4j.PDU;  
 
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;  
 
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;  
 
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;  
 
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;  
 
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;  
 
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;  
 
   
 
public class SnmpUtil {  
 
   
 
       private Snmp snmp = null;  
 
   
 
       private Address targetAddress = null;  
 
   
 
       public void initComm() throws IOException {  
 
                
 
              // 设置Agent方的IP和端口  
 
              targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:127.0.0.1/161");  
 
              TransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();  
 
              snmp = new Snmp(transport);  
 
              transport.listen();  
 
       }  
 
   
 
       public ResponseEvent sendPDU(PDU pdu) throws IOException {  
 
              // 设置 target  
 
              CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();  
 
              target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));  
 
              target.setAddress(targetAddress);  
 
              // 通信不成功时的重试次数  
 
              target.setRetries(2);  
 
              // 超时时间  
 
              target.setTimeout(1500);  
 
              target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);  
 
              // 向Agent发送PDU，并返回Response  
 
              return snmp.send(pdu, target);  
 
       }  
 
         
 
       public void setPDU() throws IOException {  
 
              // set PDU  
 
              PDU pdu = new PDU();  
 
              pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 }), new OctetString("SNMPTEST")));  
 
              pdu.setType(PDU.SET);  
 
              sendPDU(pdu);  
 
       }  
 
         
 
       public void getPDU() throws IOException {  
 
              // get PDU  
 
              PDU pdu = new PDU();  
 
              pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 })));  
 
              pdu.setType(PDU.GET);  
 
              readResponse(sendPDU(pdu));  
 
       }  
 
         
 
       public void readResponse(ResponseEvent respEvnt) {  
 
              // 解析Response  
 
              if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {  
 
                     Vector recVBs = respEvnt.getResponse()  
 
                                   .getVariableBindings();  
 
                     for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {  
 
                            VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);  
 
                            System.out.println(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());  
 
                     }  
 
              }  
 
       }  
 
         
 
       public static void main(String[] args) {  
 
              try {  
 
                     SnmpUtil util = new SnmpUtil();  
 
                     util.initComm();  
 
                     util.setPDU();  
 
                     util.getPDU();  
 
              } catch (IOException e) {  
 
                     e.printStackTrace();  
 
              }  
 
       }  
 
} 
import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Vector;

 

import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;

import org.snmp4j.PDU;

import org.snmp4j.Snmp;

import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;

import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;

import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;

import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;

import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;

import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;

import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;

import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;

import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;

 

public class SnmpUtil {

 

       private Snmp snmp = null;

 

       private Address targetAddress = null;

 

       public void initComm() throws IOException {

             

              // 设置Agent方的IP和端口

              targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:127.0.0.1/161");

              TransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();

              snmp = new Snmp(transport);

              transport.listen();

       }

 

       public ResponseEvent sendPDU(PDU pdu) throws IOException {

              // 设置 target

              CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();

              target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));

              target.setAddress(targetAddress);

              // 通信不成功时的重试次数

              target.setRetries(2);

              // 超时时间

              target.setTimeout(1500);

              target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);

              // 向Agent发送PDU，并返回Response

              return snmp.send(pdu, target);

       }

      

       public void setPDU() throws IOException {

              // set PDU

              PDU pdu = new PDU();

              pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 }), new OctetString("SNMPTEST")));

              pdu.setType(PDU.SET);

              sendPDU(pdu);

       }

      

       public void getPDU() throws IOException {

              // get PDU

              PDU pdu = new PDU();

              pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 0 })));

              pdu.setType(PDU.GET);

              readResponse(sendPDU(pdu));

       }

      

       public void readResponse(ResponseEvent respEvnt) {

              // 解析Response

              if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {

                     Vector recVBs = respEvnt.getResponse()

                                   .getVariableBindings();

                     for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {

                            VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);

                            System.out.println(recVB.getOid() + " : " + recVB.getVariable());

                     }

              }

       }

      

       public static void main(String[] args) {

              try {

                     SnmpUtil util = new SnmpUtil();

                     util.initComm();

                     util.setPDU();

                     util.getPDU();

              } catch (IOException e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              }

       }

}
 

如果控制台打出“1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 : SNMPTEST”的消息，就说明我们的操作成功啦！

以上代码在WindowsXP下测试成功。