更改linux的oracle数据库的数据库名（db_name）和实例名(instance_name)

修改数据库名 db_name

1.修改pfile中的db_name=ora10g 改为db_name=beijing
[oracle@dcw dbs]$ pwd
/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs

[oracle@dcw dbs]$ vim initora10g.ora
*.db_name='beijing'

2.重新启动数据库 出错

idle> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  230686720 bytes
Fixed Size      1218676 bytes
Variable Size     75499404 bytes
Database Buffers   150994944 bytes
Redo Buffers      2973696 bytes
ORA-01103: database name 'ORA10G' in control file is not 'BEIJING'

idle> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
----------
STARTED

idle> 说明数据库名不仅仅在参数文件里 控制文件也包含 所以要重建控制文件 因为是二进制的 不能编辑

3.正常关闭数据库 重建控制文件 创建前先把原来的控制文件删除 已存在不能创建
以防万一提前 备份一份SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/oracle/control.sql';

SQL>CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE ORA10G set database beijing resetlogs
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/redo01.log修改数据库名 db_name'  SIZE 50M,
  GROUP 2 '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,
  GROUP 3 '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
  '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf',
  '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf',
  '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/my_16k_tbs01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
/

Control file created.

idle> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
----------
MOUNTED修改数据库名 db_name

4. 启动数据库 需要使用resetlogs模式重置联机日志文件
idle> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

idle> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

idle> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
----------
OPEN

idle> show parameter name  库名改了

NAME         TYPE  VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert       string
db_name         string  beijing
db_unique_name        string  beijing
global_names        boolean  FALSE
instance_name        string  ora10g
lock_name_space        string
log_file_name_convert       string
service_names        string  beijing
idle>

 

********************************************************************************************
修改实例名 instance_name

1.先正常停掉原来的库 使数据库时一致的
idle> shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
idle>

2.修改操作系统和实例关联的信息 ORACLE_SID 
以及根据ORACLE_SID参数去寻找的参数文件名和口令文件名
[oracle@seker ~]$ mv $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwora10g $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwbeijing
[oracle@seker ~]$ mv $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora10g.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initbeijing.ora
[oracle@seker ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=beijing
[oracle@seker ~]$ sql /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 22 01:15:22 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

idle> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
idle> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  230686720 bytes
Fixed Size      1218676 bytes
Variable Size     75499404 bytes
Database Buffers   150994944 bytes
Redo Buffers      2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
idle> show parameter name

NAME         TYPE  VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert       string
db_name         string  beijing
db_unique_name        string  beijing
global_names        boolean  FALSE
instance_name        string  beijing
lock_name_space        string
log_file_name_convert       string
service_names        string  beijing
idle>

 

修改 /etc/oratab 中的数据库名
[oracle@dcw dbs]$ vim /etc/oratab
beijing:/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0:Y
dcw:/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0:N
beijing:/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0:N

[oracle@dcw dbs]$ vim ~oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=beijing