Ubuntu环境安装轻量级web服务器Lighttpd方法总结

Linux环境web服务器以Apache居多,本文介绍Ubuntu环境Lighttpd web服务器的安装方法。

Lighttpd和PHP的搭配现在越来越常见了。但是老实说，如非必要，我还是推荐你使用Apache和PHP的搭配方式，毕竟LAMP构架的成熟度和稳定度都是经过时间考验的。

那么什么时候Lighttpd和PHP的搭配更值得选择呢？可以从以下几点考虑：如果访问量比较大，硬件资源吃紧，那么Lighttpd适合你；如果和稳定相比，你倾向速度多一些，那么Lighttpd适合你。

OS:ubuntu server 8.04.1
software:lighttpd-1.4.20
software:PHP 5.2.6.tar.gz
apt-get install libmysqlclient15-dev libpng12-dev

1. 安装 php.5.2.6

tar zxvf php.5.2.6.tar.gz
cd php.5.2.6
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –enable-fastcgi –enable-force-cgi-redirect –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –disable-ipv6 –enable-libxml –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-mysql=/usr/lib/mysql/lib –with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config –enable-xml –with-freetype-dir ‘–with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-ttf=shared –enable-static –with-zlib-dir –with-ttf
make
make install

2.安装lighttpd

tar zxvf lighttpd-1.4.20.tar.gz
cd lighttpd-1.2.40
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/lighttpd –disable-ipv6 –with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config –with-zlib –with-bzip2 –with-fam –with-memcache
make
make install
mkdir -p /usr/local/lighttpd/etc
mkdir -p /usr/local/lighttpd/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/lighttpd/run
cp ./doc/lighttpd.conf /usr/local/lighttpd/etc/

3.配置lighttpd.conf

server.modules              = (
“mod_rewrite”,
“mod_redirect”,
“mod_alias”,
“mod_fastcgi”,
“mod_simple_vhost”,
“mod_evhost”,
“mod_cgi”,
“mod_accesslog” )
server.document-root        = “/var/www/”      #web访问的根目录
server.errorlog             = “/usr/local/lighttpd/log/error.log” #错误日志
index-file.names            = ( “index.php”, “index.html”,
“index.htm”, “default.htm” )    #支持格式

mimetype.assign             = (
“.pdf”          =>      “application/pdf”,
“.sig”          =>      “application/pgp-signature”,
“.spl”          =>      “application/futuresplash”,
“.class”        =>      “application/octet-stream”,
“.ps”           =>      “application/postscript”,
“.torrent”      =>      “application/x-bittorrent”,
“.dvi”          =>      “application/x-dvi”,
“.gz”           =>      “application/x-gzip”,
“.pac”          =>      “application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig”,
“.swf”          =>      “application/x-shockwave-flash”,
“.tar.gz”       =>      “application/x-tgz”,
“.tgz”          =>      “application/x-tgz”,
“.tar”          =>      “application/x-tar”,
“.zip”          =>      “application/zip”,
“.mp3″          =>      “audio/mpeg”,
“.m3u”          =>      “audio/x-mpegurl”,
“.wma”          =>      “audio/x-ms-wma”,
“.wax”          =>      “audio/x-ms-wax”,
“.ogg”          =>      “application/ogg”,
“.wav”          =>      “audio/x-wav”,
“.gif”          =>      “image/gif”,
“.jar”          =>      “application/x-java-archive”,
“.jpg”          =>      “image/jpeg”,
“.jpeg”         =>      “image/jpeg”,
“.png”          =>      “image/png”,
“.xbm”          =>      “image/x-xbitmap”,
“.xpm”          =>      “image/x-xpixmap”,
“.xwd”          =>      “image/x-xwindowdump”,
“.css”          =>      “text/css”,
“.html”         =>      “text/html”,
“.htm”          =>      “text/html”,
“.js”           =>      “text/javascript”,
“.asc”          =>      “text/plain”,
“.c”            =>      “text/plain”,
“.cpp”          =>      “text/plain”,
“.log”          =>      “text/plain”,
“.conf”         =>      “text/plain”,
“.text”         =>      “text/plain”,
“.txt”          =>      “text/plain”,
“.dtd”          =>      “text/xml”,
“.xml”          =>      “text/xml”,
“.mpeg”         =>      “video/mpeg”,
“.mpg”          =>      “video/mpeg”,
“.mov”          =>      “video/quicktime”,
“.qt”           =>      “video/quicktime”,
“.avi”          =>      “video/x-msvideo”,
“.asf”          =>      “video/x-ms-asf”,
“.asx”          =>      “video/x-ms-asf”,
“.wmv”          =>      “video/x-ms-wmv”,
“.bz2″          =>      “application/x-bzip”,
“.tbz”          =>      “application/x-bzip-compressed-tar”,
“.tar.bz2″      =>      “application/x-bzip-compressed-tar”,
“”              =>      “application/octet-stream”,
)
url.access-deny             = ( “~”, “.inc” )
$HTTP["url"] =~ “\.pdf$” {
server.range-requests = “disable”
}
static-file.exclude-extensions = ( “.php”, “.pl”, “.fcgi” )

server.port                = 80                             #监听端口
server.bind                = “192.168.6.106″     #绑定IP

server.pid-file            = “/var/run/lighttpd.pid”

server.username            = “www-data”       #运行服务用户
server.groupname           = “www-data”      #运行服务用户组

fastcgi.server             = ( “.php” =>
( “localhost” =>
(
“socket” => “/usr/local/lighttpd/run/php-fastcgi.socket”,
“bin-path” => “/usr/local/php/bin/php-cgi”   #php-cgi
)
)
)

server.max-fds = 20480   # 文件描述符数目
server.max-keep-alive-requests = 0 #保持会话连接
server.network-backend = “linux-sendfile”
server.event-handler = “linux-sysepoll”   # Linux环境下epoll系统调用可提高吞吐量

保存退出`

然后写一个启动脚本`

#!/bin/sh
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/loca/lighttpd/sbin:/usr/loca/lighttpd/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/lighttpd/sbin/lighttpd
NAME=lighttpd
DESC=”web server”
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
ENV=”env -i LANG=C PATH=/usr/local/lighttpd/bin:/usr/local/lighttpd/bin:/bin”
SSD=”/sbin/start-stop-daemon”
DAEMON_OPTS=”-f /usr/local/lighttpd/conf/lighttpd.conf”
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
set -e
mkdir -p /var/run/lighttpd > /dev/null 2> /dev/null
chown www-data:www-data /var/run/lighttpd
chmod 0750 /var/run/lighttpd
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
case “$1″ in
start)
log_daemon_msg “Starting $DESC” $NAME
if ! $ENV $SSD –start –quiet\
–pidfile $PIDFILE –exec $DAEMON — $DAEMON_OPTS ; then
log_end_msg 1
else
log_end_msg 0
fi
;;
stop)
log_daemon_msg “Stopping $DESC” $NAME
if $SSD –quiet –stop –oknodo –retry 30\
–pidfile $PIDFILE –exec $DAEMON; then
rm -f $PIDFILE
log_end_msg 0
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
;;
reload)
log_daemon_msg “Reloading $DESC configuration” $NAME
if $SSD –stop –signal 2 –oknodo –retry 30\
–quiet –pidfile $PIDFILE –exec $DAEMON; then
if $ENV $SSD –start –quiet \
–pidfile $PIDFILE –exec $DAEMON — $DAEMON_OPTS ; then
log_end_msg 0
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
;;
restart|force-reload)
$0 stop
[ -r $PIDFILE ] && while pidof lighttpd |\
grep -q `cat $PIDFILE 2>/dev/null` 2>/dev/null ; do sleep 1; done
$0 start
;;
*)
echo “Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}” >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
放在/etc/init.d/lighttpd
然后在 /var/www 里写一个php 脚本
phpinfo();
?>
好了，启动 lighttpd
/etc/init.d/lighttpd start
* Starting web server lighttpd                                                       [ OK ]
现在就可以打开IE
看到 php调试页面就可以了。

PS ：安装的时候要注意建立 lithttpd 配置文件夹 php-fastcgi.socket 的目录 log目录是运行lighttpd用户的权限，不然会报错~
好了现在我在讲一下lighttpd有一个负载功能。相信大家都看到了
配置文件里的：
fastcgi.server             = ( “.php” =>
( “localhost” =>
(
“socket” => “/usr/local/lighttpd/run/php-fastcgi.socket”,
“bin-path” => “/usr/local/php/bin/php-cgi”   #php-cgi
)
)
)
我们在 lighttpd 的源码包里面把spawn-php.sh 拷贝到 /usr/local/sbin/
下 复制成三份
cp spawn-php.sh spawn-php-2.sh
cp spawn-php.sh spawn-php-3.sh
然后分别配置三个文件
SPAWNFCGI=”/usr/local/lighttpd/bin/spawn-fcgi”     #spawn-fcgi 路径
FCGIPROGRAM=”/usr/local/php/bin/php-cgi”            #php-cgi的路径
FCGIPORT=”1026″                                                         #运行端口 spawn-php-2.sh 改为 1027   spawn-php-3sh 改为 1028
FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS=”127.0.0.1,192.168.6.106″   #绑定服务器IP

好了。然后把每个都运行起来~~
./spawn-php.sh
spawn-fcgi.c.206: child spawned successfully: PID: 5233
./spawn-php-2.sh ……………..
然后修改 /usr/local/lighttpd/etc/lighttpd.conf
把 fastcgi.server             = ( “.php” =>
( “localhost” =>
(
“socket” => “/usr/local/lighttpd/run/php-fastcgi.socket”,
“bin-path” => “/usr/local/php/bin/php-cgi”   #php-cgi
)
)
)
替换成 #fastcgi.server = ( “.php” =>
(( “host” => “127.0.0.1″, “port” => 1026 ),
( “host” => “127.0.0.1″, “port” => 1027 ),
( “host” => “127.0.0.1″, “port” => 1028 )
)
保存退出从启服务~~
/etc/init.d/lighttpd restart
从新访问 ~
可以在 服务器上 top看到明显多了 很多运行进程~
当然我这么起不到什么作用，把 spawn-php.sh 可以拷贝到别的linux服务器上运行
才也可以的“但是要记得把 spawn-fcgi 也要拷贝过去哦~~大家可以试试看~

原文地址：http://deidara.blog.51cto.com/400447/106774