静态路由与OSPF重分发

实验目的：
掌握路由重分发

实验拓扑：
 两台路由器，连接及IP配置如图所示

实验要求：
在R2上配置将直连和静态路由引入到OSPF协议中

配置步骤如下：
1. 配置IP
2. 在R2上配置静态路由，并查看从R1上学习到的路由
3. 在R2上配置OSPF协议，并将直连和静态路由引入
4. 创在R3上配置OSPF协议，并查看从R2上学习到的路由
5. 再查看R1，R2新学习到的路由
6. ping测试
7. 在R1上配置默认路由，并查看R1，R3的路由

具体操作：

1.配置IP

R1(config)#   
R1(config)#int lo0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#int s3/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#

R2(config)#
R2(config)#int s3/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#int s3/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#

R3(config)#
R3(config-if)# int lo0
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config)# int s3/1
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.3.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#

2.在R2上配置静态路由，并查看从R1上学习到的路由

R2(config)#
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
R2(config)#
R2(config)#do sh ip route                               
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/1

3.在R2上配置OSPF协议，并将直连和静态路由引入

R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#net 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
R2(config-router)#redistribute connect
% Only classful networks will be redistributed
R2(config-router)#redistribute static
% Only classful networks will be redistributed
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#

4.在R3上配置OSPF协议，并查看从R2上学习到的路由

R3(config)#
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#net 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
R3(config-router)#net 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#
R3(config)#do sh ip route
…… ……
Gateway of last resort is not set

O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:04, Serial3/1
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.2.2, 00:32:25, Serial3/1
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/1
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
R3(config)#

5.再查看R1，R2新学习到的路由

R1(config)#                                                             
R1(config)#do sh ip route
…… ……
Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
R1(config)#

R2(config)#
R2(config)#do sh ip route
…… ……
Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/1
     192.168.3.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       192.168.3.3 [110/65] via 192.168.2.3, 00:48:53, Serial3/1
R2(config)#

虽然R3学习到了R1，但发现R1并没有学R3，故可以知道，R1与R3之间不能通信，测试如下。

6.ping测试

R1#
R1#ping 192.168.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R1#

R2#
R2#ping 192.168.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/68/144 ms
R2#
R2#ping 192.168.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/60/152 ms
R2#

R3#
R3#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

7.在R1上配置默认路由，并查看路由

R1(config)#
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#  
R1(config)#do sh ip route
…… ……
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#

此时三台路由器之间可以想互通信了。

倘若是静态路由，
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
或者
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R3里虽有R1路由，但不能ping通R1
 

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