LED驱动在2440上的实例开发

一、开发环境

• 主  机：VMWare--Fedora 9
• 开发板：Mini2440--64MB Nand
• 编译器：arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2

二、实现步骤

1. 硬件原理图分析。由原理图得知LED电路是共阳极的，并分别由2440的GPB5、GPB6、GPB7、GPB8口控制的

2. 去掉内核已有的LED驱动设置，因为IO口与mini2440开发板的不一致，根本就不能控制板上的LED。

#gedit arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/common-smdk.c    //注释掉以下内容

/* LED devices */
/*
static struct s3c24xx_led_platdata smdk_pdata_led4 = {
    .gpio        = S3C2410_GPF4,
    .flags        = S3C24XX_LEDF_ACTLOW | S3C24XX_LEDF_TRISTATE,
    .name        = "led4",
    .def_trigger    = "timer",
};

static struct s3c24xx_led_platdata smdk_pdata_led5 = {
    .gpio        = S3C2410_GPF5,
    .flags        = S3C24XX_LEDF_ACTLOW | S3C24XX_LEDF_TRISTATE,
    .name        = "led5",
    .def_trigger    = "nand-disk",
};

static struct s3c24xx_led_platdata smdk_pdata_led6 = {
    .gpio        = S3C2410_GPF6,
    .flags        = S3C24XX_LEDF_ACTLOW | S3C24XX_LEDF_TRISTATE,
    .name        = "led6",
};

static struct s3c24xx_led_platdata smdk_pdata_led7 = {
    .gpio        = S3C2410_GPF7,
    .flags        = S3C24XX_LEDF_ACTLOW | S3C24XX_LEDF_TRISTATE,
    .name        = "led7",
};

static struct platform_device smdk_led4 = {
    .name        = "s3c24xx_led",
    .id        = 0,
    .dev        = {
        .platform_data = &smdk_pdata_led4,
    },
};

static struct platform_device smdk_led5 = {
    .name        = "s3c24xx_led",
    .id        = 1,
    .dev        = {
        .platform_data = &smdk_pdata_led5,
    },
};

static struct platform_device smdk_led6 = {
    .name        = "s3c24xx_led",
    .id        = 2,
    .dev        = {
        .platform_data = &smdk_pdata_led6,
    },
};

static struct platform_device smdk_led7 = {
    .name        = "s3c24xx_led",
    .id        = 3,
    .dev        = {
        .platform_data = &smdk_pdata_led7,
    },
};*/

static struct platform_device __initdata *smdk_devs[] = {
    &s3c_device_nand,
    /*&smdk_led4,
    &smdk_led5,
    &smdk_led6,
    &smdk_led7,*/
};

void __init smdk_machine_init(void)
{
    /* Configure the LEDs (even if we have no LED support)*/
    /*
    s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF4, S3C2410_GPF4_OUTP);
    s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF5, S3C2410_GPF5_OUTP);
    s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF6, S3C2410_GPF6_OUTP);
    s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF7, S3C2410_GPF7_OUTP);

    s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF4, 1);
    s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF5, 1);
    s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF6, 1);
    s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF7, 1);*/

    if (machine_is_smdk2443())
        smdk_nand_info.twrph0 = 50;

    s3c_device_nand.dev.platform_data = &smdk_nand_info;

    platform_add_devices(smdk_devs, ARRAY_SIZE(smdk_devs));

    s3c_pm_init();
}

3. 编写适合mini2440开发板的LED驱动，代码如下，文件名称：my2440_leds.c

/*
 ==============================================
 Name            : my2440_leds.c
 Author          : Huang Gang
 Date            : 05/11/2009
 Copyright       : GPL
 Description     : my2440 leds driver
 ==============================================
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <mach/hardware.h>
#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>

#define DEVICE_NAME    "my2440_leds"    //设备名称
#define LED_MAJOR    231                //主设备号
#define LED_ON        1                 //LED亮状态
#define LED_OFF        0                //LED灭状态

static unsigned long led_table[] =      //控制LED的IO口
{
    S3C2410_GPB5,
    S3C2410_GPB6,
    S3C2410_GPB7,
    S3C2410_GPB8,
};

static unsigned int led_cfg_table[] =   //LED IO口的模式
{
    S3C2410_GPB5_OUTP,
    S3C2410_GPB6_OUTP,
    S3C2410_GPB7_OUTP,
    S3C2410_GPB8_OUTP,
};

static int leds_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    return 0;
}

static int leds_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
                     unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    //检测是第几个LED，因开发板上只有4个，索引从0开始    
    if(arg < 0 || arg > 3)
    {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    //判断LED要执行哪种状态
    switch(cmd)
    {
        case LED_ON:
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(led_table[arg], ~(LED_ON));
            break;
        }
        case LED_OFF:
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(led_table[arg], ~(LED_OFF));
            break;
        }
        default:
        {
            return -EINVAL;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static struct file_operations leds_fops =
{
    .owner    = THIS_MODULE,
    .open    = leds_open,
    .ioctl    = leds_ioctl,
};

static int __init led_init(void)
{
    int ret, i;

    for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    {
        //初始化各IO口为输出模式
        s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(led_table[i], led_cfg_table[i]);

        //由原理图可知LED电路是共阳极的(即各IO口输出低电平0才会点亮)        
        //这里初始化为1，不让LED点亮
        s3c2410_gpio_setpin(led_table[i], ~(LED_OFF));
    }

    //注册LED设备为字符设备
    ret = register_chrdev(LED_MAJOR, DEVICE_NAME, &leds_fops);

    if(ret < 0)
    {
        printk(DEVICE_NAME " register falid!\n");
        return ret;
    }
}

static void __exit led_exit(void)
{
    //注销设备
    unregister_chrdev(LED_MAJOR, DEVICE_NAME);
}

module_init(led_init);
module_exit(led_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Huang Gang");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("My2440 led driver");

4. 把LED驱动代码部署到内核中去

#cp -f my2440_leds.c /linux-2.6.30.4/drivers/char    //把驱动源码复制到内核驱动的字符设备下

#gedit /linux-2.6.30.4/drivers/char/Kconfig    //添加LED设备配置

config MY2440_LEDS
    tristate "My2440 Leds Device"
    depends on ARCH_S3C2440
    default y
    ---help---
      My2440 User Leds

#gedit /linux-2.6.30.4/drivers/char/Makefile    //添加LED设备配置

obj-$(CONFIG_MY2440_LEDS) += my2440_leds.o

5. 配置内核，选择LED设备选项

#make menuconfig

Device Drivers --->
    Character devices --->
        <*> My2440 Leds Device (NEW)

6. 编译内核并下载到开发板上，查看已加载的设备：#cat /proc/devices，可以看到my2440_leds的主设备号为231

7. 编写应用程序测试LED驱动，文件名：leds_test.c

/*
 ==============================================
 Name            : leds_test.c
 Author          : Huang Gang
 Date            : 06/11/2009
 Copyright       : GPL
 Description     : my2440 leds driver test
 ==============================================
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int turn, index, fd;

    //检测输入的参数合法性
    if(argc != 3 || sscanf(argv[2], "%d", &index) != 1 || index < 1 || index > 4)
    {
        printf("Usage: leds_test on|off 1|2|3|4\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(strcmp(argv[1], "on") == 0)
    {
        turn = 1;
    }
    else if(strcmp(argv[1], "off") == 0)
    {
        turn = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Usage: leds_test on|off 1|2|3|4\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    //打开LED设备
    fd = open("/dev/my2440_leds", 0);

    if(fd < 0)
    {
        printf("Open Led Device Faild!\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    //IO控制
    ioctl(fd, turn, index - 1);

    //关闭LED设备
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}

8. 在开发主机上交叉编译测试应用程序，并复制到文件系统的/usr/sbin目录下，然后重新编译文件系统下载到开发板上

#arm-linux-gcc -o leds_test leds_test.c

9. 在开发板上的文件系统中创建一个LED设备的节点，然后运行测试程序，效果图如下，观测开发板上的LED灯，可以看到每一步的操作对应的LED会点亮或者熄灭