linux C C++ 字符集转换,UTF-8,GB2312-默默滴笔记本-ChinaUnix博客

在LINUX上进行编码转换时,既可以利用iconv函数族编程实现,也可以利用iconv命令来实现,只不过后者是针对文件的,即将指定文件从一种编码转换为另一种编码。
   一、利用iconv函数族进行编码转换
   iconv函数族的头文件是iconv.h,使用前需包含之。
   #include
   iconv函数族有三个函数,原型如下:
   (1) iconv_t iconv_open(const char *tocode, const char *fromcode);
   此函数说明将要进行哪两种编码的转换,tocode是目标编码,fromcode是原编码,该函数返回一个转换句柄,供以下两个函数使用。
   (2) size_t iconv(iconv_t cd,char **inbuf,size_t *inbytesleft,char **outbuf,size_t *outbytesleft);
   此函数从inbuf中读取字符,转换后输出到outbuf中,inbytesleft用以记录还未转换的字符数,outbytesleft用以记录输出缓冲的剩余空间。 (3) int iconv_close(iconv_t cd);
   此函数用于关闭转换句柄,释放资源。
   例子1: 用C语言实现的转换示例程序

   /* f.c : 代码转换示例C程序 */
   #include
   #define OUTLEN 255
   main()
   {
   char *in_utf8 = "姝ｅ?ㄥ??瑁?";
   char *in_gb2312 = "正在安装";
   char out[OUTLEN];

   //unicode码转为gb2312码
   rc = u2g(in_utf8,strlen(in_utf8),out,OUTLEN);
   printf("unicode-->gb2312 out=%sn",out);
   //gb2312码转为unicode码
   rc = g2u(in_gb2312,strlen(in_gb2312),out,OUTLEN);
   printf("gb2312-->unicode out=%sn",out);
   }
   //代码转换:从一种编码转为另一种编码
   int code_convert(char *from_charset,char *to_charset,char *inbuf,int inlen,char *outbuf,int outlen)
   {
   iconv_t cd;
   int rc;
   char **pin = &inbuf;
   char **pout = &outbuf;

   cd = iconv_open(to_charset,from_charset);
   if (cd==0) return -1;
   memset(outbuf,0,outlen);
   if (iconv(cd,pin,&inlen,pout,&outlen)==-1) return -1;
   iconv_close(cd);
   return 0;
   }
   //UNICODE码转为GB2312码
   int u2g(char *inbuf,int inlen,char *outbuf,int outlen)
   {
   return code_convert("utf-8","gb2312",inbuf,inlen,outbuf,outlen);
   }
   //GB2312码转为UNICODE码
   int g2u(char *inbuf,size_t inlen,char *outbuf,size_t outlen)
   {
   return code_convert("gb2312","utf-8",inbuf,inlen,outbuf,outlen);
   }

   例子2: 用C++语言实现的转换示例程序

   /* f.cpp : 代码转换示例C++程序 */
   #include
   #include

   #define OUTLEN 255

   using namespace std;

   // 代码转换操作类
   class CodeConverter {
   private:
   iconv_t cd;
   public:
   // 构造
   CodeConverter(const char *from_charset,const char *to_charset) {
   cd = iconv_open(to_charset,from_charset);
   }

   // 析构
   ~CodeConverter() {
   iconv_close(cd);
   }

   // 转换输出
   int convert(char *inbuf,int inlen,char *outbuf,int outlen) {
   char **pin = &inbuf;
   char **pout = &outbuf;

   memset(outbuf,0,outlen);
   return iconv(cd,pin,(size_t *)&inlen,pout,(size_t *)&outlen);
   }
   };

   int main(int argc, char **argv)
   {
   char *in_utf8 = "姝ｅ?ㄥ??瑁?";
   char *in_gb2312 = "正在安装";
   char out[OUTLEN];

   // utf-8-->gb2312
   CodeConverter cc = CodeConverter("utf-8","gb2312");
   cc.convert(in_utf8,strlen(in_utf8),out,OUTLEN);
   cout << "utf-8-->gb2312 in=" << in_utf8 << ",out=" << out << endl;

   // gb2312-->utf-8
   CodeConverter cc2 = CodeConverter("gb2312","utf-8");
   cc2.convert(in_gb2312,strlen(in_gb2312),out,OUTLEN);
   cout << "gb2312-->utf-8 in=" << in_gb2312 << ",out=" << out << endl;
   }

linux C 字符集转换,UTF-8,GB2312

最近帮朋友写个系统接口的小东东，2个系统字符集不同，一个采用UTF-8,一个采用GB2312，不得已需要转换字符集。转换函数记录如下：

#include
#include
#include
#include
#define OUTLEN 255
main()
{
char *in_utf8 = "utf8字符串";
char *in_gb2312 = "\xbe\xb2\xcc\xac\xc4\xa3\xca\xbd";

char out[OUTLEN];
int rec ;

//unicode码转为gb2312码
rec = u2g(in_utf8,strlen(in_utf8),out,OUTLEN);
printf("unicode-->gb2312 out=%s\n",out);

//gb2312码转为unicode码
rec = g2u(in_gb2312,strlen(in_gb2312),out,OUTLEN);
printf("gb2312-->unicode out=%s \n",out);
}
//代码转换:从一种编码转为另一种编码
int code_convert(char *from_charset,char *to_charset,char *inbuf,int inlen,char *outbuf,int outlen)
{
iconv_t cd;
int rc;
char **pin = &inbuf;
char **pout = &outbuf;

cd = iconv_open(to_charset,from_charset);
if (cd==0) return -1;
memset(outbuf,0,outlen);
if (iconv(cd,pin,&inlen,pout,&outlen)==-1) return -1;
iconv_close(cd);
return 0;
}
//UNICODE码转为GB2312码
int u2g(char *inbuf,int inlen,char *outbuf,int outlen)
{
return code_convert("utf-8","gb2312",inbuf,inlen,outbuf,outlen);
}
//GB2312码转为UNICODE码
int g2u(char *inbuf,size_t inlen,char *outbuf,size_t outlen)
{
return code_convert("gb2312","utf-8",inbuf,inlen,outbuf,outlen);
}