linux下DHCP服务的搭建

linux下DHCP服务的搭建

DHCP所使用的端口67,68

首先rpm -qa |grep dhcp*
检查系统是否安装如果没有，则：
所需软件包dhcp-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm
可用yum来安装，当然前提是你的本地yum已经配置好:yum install dhcp -y来安装
安装完成DHCP的主配置文件在/etc/dhcpd.conf他的帮助配置文件在/usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample下我们可以把他复制过来
cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf
接下来我们就可以对配置文件进行修改了

 

ddns-update-style interim; 
 #DHCP指定DNS动态更新方式主要有以下几种(none|interim|ad_doc)
 #none:不支持
 #interim:DNS互动全新模式
 #ad-hoc：特殊DNS更新模式
ignore client-updates; 

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 #此处规定一个作用域
# --- default gateway
        option routers                  192.168.0.1;   #制定客户端默认网关
        option subnet-mask              255.255.255.0; #指定客户端默认子网掩码

        option nis-domain               "domain.org"; #指定客户端NIS域名
        option domain-name              "domain.org"; #指定客户端DNS后辍
        option domain-name-servers      192.168.1.1; #指定客户端DNS服务器IP地址,可以指明多个IP,中间用逗号隔开

        range  192.168.0.128 192.168.0.254; #客户端可以讲求到的DNSIP地址范围
        default-lease-time 21600; #客户端默认最租小约时间
        max-lease-time 43200; #客户端默认最大租约时间

        # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
        host ns {
                next-server marvin.redhat.com;
                hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;
                fixed-address 207.175.42.254;
        }
 #此处选项用于IP地址的绑定
}

DHCP作用域配置
1.单作用域配置
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
 #可以加入一些选项，也可以全局配置
 range 192.168.0.10-192.168.0.100;
 range 192.168.0.150-192.168.0.200;
}

 

 

2.多作用域配置
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
 option routers 192.168.0.9;
 #可以加入一些选项，也可以全局配置

 range 192.168.0.10-192.168.0.100;
 range 192.168.0.150-192.168.0.200;
}

 

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
 option routers 192.168.1.9;
 #可以加入一些选项，也可以全局配置

 range 192.168.1.10-192.168.1.100;
 range 192.168.1.150-192.168.1.200;
}

 

 

DHCP保留配置
host 主机名 {
 hardware 网卡类型MAC地址;
 fixed-address IP地址;
}

 

 

DHCP超级作用域配置
shared-network "name" {
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
 option routers 192.168.0.9;
 #可以加入一些选项，也可以全局配置

 range 192.168.0.10-192.168.0.100;
 range 192.168.0.150-192.168.0.200;
}

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
 option routers 192.168.1.9;
 #可以加入一些选项，也可以全局配置

 range 192.168.1.10-192.168.1.100;
 range 192.168.1.150-192.168.1.200;
}
}

 

 

DHCP根据不同的类别分配IP
 class "vmware" {
                match if substring(hardware, 1, 3) = 00:0C:29 or
                        substring(hardware, 1, 3) = 00:0C:28;
        }
        class "micro-clients" {
                match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "MSFP";
        }

        pool {
        allow members of "vmware";
        range 192.168.0.10-192.168.0.100;
        }

        pool {
        deny members of "vmware";
        allow members of "micro-clients";
        range 192.168.0.101-192.168.0.200;
        }
       
        pool {
        deny members of "vmware";
        deny members of "micro-clients";
        range 192.168.0.201-192.168.0.254;
        }
DHCP的启动
service dhcpd start
service dhcpd stop
service dhcpd restart
service dhcpd status
chkconfig dhcpd on #开机自动启动