Gentoo GNU/Linux安装必备步骤

# mount /dev/sdax /mnt/gentoo //挂载目标分区到/mnt/gentoo
# tar xvjpf stage3.tar.bz2 /mnt/gentoo //将stage3解压到/mnt/gentoo
# tar xvjf protage.tar.bz2 –C /mnt/gentoo/usr //将portage快照解压到/mnt/gentoo/usr目录下
# cp –L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc //拷贝dns信息(-L 参数仅为避免拷贝连接文件）
# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev //挂载/proc和/dev
# chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
# env-update
>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache...
# source /etc/profile
# export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"
# emerge –sync //更新protage树
# eselect profile list
# eselect profile set 3
# less /usr/portage/profiles/use.desc

配置make.conf(推荐安装/选项)
#nano -w /etc/make.conf
USE="-gtk -gnome qt3 qt4 kde dvd alsa cdr"

设置locale.gen(推荐安装/选项)
#nano -w /etc/locale.gen
en_US ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
de_DE ISO-8859-1
de_DE@euro ISO-8859-15

# emerge gentoo-sources //下载内核源码

# cd /usr/src/linux //进入编译目录

# make menuconfig //配置内核

# make && make modules_install //开始编译若编译成功则进行安装

# cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-2.6.30-gentoo-r5 //复制内核到/boot/目录下

Genkernel方式安装内核
安装genkernel (推荐安装/选项)
# emerge genkernel 
复制光盘上的内核配置文件到genkernel搜索配置文件的默认位置
# zcat /proc/config.gz > /usr/share/genkernel/arch/x86/kernel-config
开始编译内核
# genkernel all
# ls /boot/ker* /boot/ini*

# emerge grub  安装GRUB (推荐安装/选项)

# nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf //创建grub.conf

default 0

title Gentoo Linux 2.6.30-r5
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.30-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/sda3

title Gentoo Linux 2.6.30-r5 (rescue)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.30-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/sda3 init=/bin/bb

使用genkernel的用户的grub.conf

default 0
timeout 30
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
title Gentoo Linux 2.6.30-r5
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.30-gentoo-r5 root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/sda3
initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.30-gentoo-r5

创建/etc/mtab

# grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab

# grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda

grub> root (hd0,0)

grub> setup (hd0)

grub> quit

# reboot

本文参考于gentoo官方安装文档，对必备步骤简要记录，仅做备忘之用，具体细节请参考官方文档。
晚辈才疏学浅，如果疏漏，欢迎指正。

                                           小胖。2011.10.15