[转载]mysql负载均衡集群架设

1         环境描述Mysql manager 节点：192.168.0.1
MysqlServer节点：192.168.0.100
Mysql 节点：192.168.0.160
Mysql 节点：192.168.0.161

说明：至少需要四台服务器才可以做mysql的集群。建议5台，再增加一台MysqlServer。
2         安装mysql二进制包2.1   安装之前的准备工作下载mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz包
（注意：可以做集群的mysql都是mysql-max的,下载地点）
#groupadd mysql
#useradd -g mysql mysql


#cd /usr/local
#tar xfz mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
#ln -s /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /opt/mysql4.1.13
2.2   分别在manager，server，node节点上安装二进制的mysql包#cd mysql4.1.13
#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql (必须带目录执行，否则出错)
#chown -R root /opt/mysql4.1.13
#chgrp -R mysql /opt/mysql4.1.13
#chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql4.1.13/data
#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/   配置mysql启动设置
#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
#chkconfig --add mysql.server
3         配置server，note节点在192.168.0.160和192.168.0.161机器上
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf data/my.cnf     将mysql的配置文件考到data下
Vi /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686/data/my.cnf

ndbcluster
ndb-connectstring=192.168.0.1

ndb-connectstring=192.168.0.1
4         配置Management管理节点在192.168.0.1机器上
#mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
#cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster
#vi config.ini
[NDBD DEFAULT]      # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=2      # Number of replicas
DataMemory=80M      # How much memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=52M     # How much memory to allocate for index storage
                    # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
                    # default values. Since the "world" database takes up
                    # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
                    # this example Cluster setup.


[TCP DEFAULT]       # TCP/IP options:
portnumber=2202     # This the default; however, you can use any
                    # port that is free for all the hosts in cluster
                    # Note: It is recommended beginning with MySQL 5.0 that
                    # you do not specify the portnumber at all and simply allow
                    # the default value to be used instead
# Management process options（定义管理节点.）
[NDB_MGMD]
hostname=192.168.0.1        # 管理节点Hostname or IP address of MGM node
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster  # Directory for MGM node logfiles
# Options for data node "A"（定义群集数据节点.）
# (one [NDBD] section per data node)
[NDBD]
hostname=192.168.0.160      # 节点Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's datafiles
# Options for data node "B"（定义群集数据节点.）
[NDBD]
hostname=192.168.0.161      # 节点Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's datafiles
# SQL node options（定义Sql server节点.）

hostname=192.168.0.100      # SQL节点Hostname or IP address
#datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  # Directory for SQL node's datafiles
                    # (additional mysqld connections can be
                    # specified for this node for various
                    # purposes such as running ndb_restore)
[NDB_MGMD]:后面不能有任何注释信息，否则提示：
Error line 17: [TCP] Unknown parameter: [NDB_MGMD]   # Management process options
Error line 17: Could not parse name-value pair in config file.
[SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前，这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default
5         启动mysql集群5.1      初始化启动mysql集群服务1）启动MysqlManagement管理节点（192.168.0.1）
#ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
2）启动Data  Node节点(192.168.0.160,192.168.0.161)
#ndbd --initial
(注意：这个参数只能在第一次启动DataNode节点时使用，因为―initial参数会删除一些ndbd 实例先前创建的所有文件)
3）启动MysqlServer节点(192.168.0.100)
# ./mysql.server start
5.2      重启mysql集群服务1）启动MysqlManagement管理节点（192.168.0.1）
#ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
2）启动Data  Node节点(192.168.0.160,192.168.0.161)
#ndbd
3）启动MysqlServer节点(192.168.0.100)
# ./mysql.server start
(注 意：Management管理节点和DataNote节点都不开启mysql服务，只有MysqlServer节点开启。The default port for Cluster management nodes is 1186; the default port for data nodes is 2202.)
6         测试集群的效果6.1      在管理机上查看各节点运行状况[root@Proxy bin]# ./ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.0.160  (Version: 4.1.13, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3    @192.168.0.161  (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)


[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.0.1  (Version: 4.1.13)


[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=4    @192.168.0.100  (Version: 4.1.12)
6.2      模拟写入一个数据库表，各MysqlServer节点是否能够同步1）  在一个MysqlServer节点上创建数据库world和表，然后看看另一个MysqlServer节点是否也同样可以看到。
答：数据都相同
2）  拔掉一个DataNote节点网线，看看两台MysqlServer节点是否还能正常工作。
答：可以
3）  拔掉两台DataNote节点网线，查看一下MysqlServer节点是否还能正常工作。
答：所有MysqlServer都不能正常工作

原文:http://hi.baidu.com/qk31/blog/item/350159af6c0232fafbed5076.html