Menus and Toolbars《The wxPython tutorial》

Creating a MenuBar

#!/usr/bin/python

# simplemenu.py

import wx

class SimpleMenu(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(250, 150))

        menubar = wx.MenuBar()
        file = wx.Menu()
        file.Append(-1, 'Quit', 'Quit application')
        menubar.Append(file, '&File')
        self.SetMenuBar(menubar)

        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

app = wx.App()
SimpleMenu(None, -1, 'simple menu example')
app.MainLoop()

 

menubar = wx.MenuBar()

这里创建一个菜单栏对象

file = wx.Menu()

这里创建一个菜单对象

file.Append(-1, 'Quit', 'Quit application')

将一个菜单项添加到file这个菜单对象中，第一个参数是菜单项的ID号，第二个参数是菜单项的名字，最后一个参数是显示在状态栏中的简短帮助说明。

menubar.Append(file, '&File')
self.SetMenuBar(menubar)

这里将菜单添加到菜单栏上，其中'&'起到快捷键作用，可用Alt + F来打开File菜单，并且会加上下划线。接着就是将菜单栏安装在Frame上，SetMenuBar()是wx.Frame的函数。

A dockable menubar

#!/usr/bin/python

# dockable.py

import wx

class Dockable(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title)

        menubar = wx.MenuBar(wx.MB_DOCKABLE)
        file = wx.Menu()
        edit = wx.Menu()
        view = wx.Menu()
        insr = wx.Menu()
        form = wx.Menu()
        tool = wx.Menu()
        help = wx.Menu()

        menubar.Append(file, '&File')
        menubar.Append(edit, '&Edit')
        menubar.Append(view, '&View')
        menubar.Append(insr, '&Insert')
        menubar.Append(form, '&Format')
        menubar.Append(tool, '&Tools')
        menubar.Append(help, '&Help')
        self.SetMenuBar(menubar)

        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

app = wx.App()
Dockable(None, -1, 'Dockable menubar')
app.MainLoop()

menubar = wx.MenuBar(wx.MB_DOCKABLE)

这个可以移动的菜单栏挺有趣的，只要在创建菜单栏的时候，加上wx.MB_DOCKABLE标志即可。

Icons, shortcuts, events

#!/usr/bin/python

# menuexample.py

import wx

class MenuExample(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(250, 150))

        menubar = wx.MenuBar()
        file = wx.Menu()
        quit = wx.MenuItem(file, 1, '&Quit\tCtrl+Q')
        quit.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap('icons/exit.png'))
        file.AppendItem(quit)

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, id=1)

        menubar.Append(file, '&File')
        self.SetMenuBar(menubar)

        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

    def OnQuit(self, event):
        self.Close()

app = wx.App()
MenuExample(None, -1, '')
app.MainLoop()

Submenus

#!/usr/bin/python

# submenu.py

import wx

ID_QUIT = 1

class SubmenuExample(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(350, 250))

        menubar = wx.MenuBar()

        file = wx.Menu()
        file.Append(-1, '&New')
        file.Append(-1, '&Open')
        file.Append(-1, '&Save')
        file.AppendSeparator()

        imp = wx.Menu()
        imp.Append(-1, 'Import newsfeed list...')
        imp.Append(-1, 'Import bookmarks...')
        imp.Append(-1, 'Import mail...')

        file.AppendMenu(-1, 'I&mport', imp)

        quit = wx.MenuItem(file, ID_QUIT, '&Quit\tCtrl+W')
        quit.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap('icons/exit.png'))
        file.AppendItem(quit)

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, id=ID_QUIT)

        menubar.Append(file, '&File')
        self.SetMenuBar(menubar)

        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

    def OnQuit(self, event):
        self.Close()

app = wx.App()
SubmenuExample(None, -1, 'Submenu')
app.MainLoop()

Various menu items

#!/usr/bin/python

# checkmenuitem.py

import wx

ID_STAT = 1
ID_TOOL = 2

class CheckMenuItem(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(350, 250))

        menubar = wx.MenuBar()
        file = wx.Menu()
        view = wx.Menu()
        self.shst = view.Append(ID_STAT, 'Show statubar', 'Show Statusbar', kind=wx.ITEM_CHECK)
        self.shtl = view.Append(ID_TOOL, 'Show toolbar', 'Show Toolbar', kind=wx.ITEM_CHECK)
        view.Check(ID_STAT, True)
        view.Check(ID_TOOL, True)

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.ToggleStatusBar, id=ID_STAT)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.ToggleToolBar, id=ID_TOOL)

        menubar.Append(file, '&File')
        menubar.Append(view, '&View')
        self.SetMenuBar(menubar)

        self.toolbar = self.CreateToolBar()
        self.toolbar.AddLabelTool(3, '', wx.Bitmap('icons/quit.png'))
        self.toolbar.Realize()

        self.statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar()
        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

    def ToggleStatusBar(self, event):
        if self.shst.IsChecked():
            self.statusbar.Show()
        else:
            self.statusbar.Hide()

    def ToggleToolBar(self, event):
        if self.shtl.IsChecked():
            self.toolbar.Show()
        else:
            self.toolbar.Hide()

app = wx.App()
CheckMenuItem(None, -1, 'check menu item')
app.MainLoop()

Toolbars

#!/usr/bin/python

# simpletoolbar.py

import wx

class SimpleToolbar(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(300, 200))

        toolbar = self.CreateToolBar()
        toolbar.AddLabelTool(wx.ID_EXIT, '', wx.Bitmap('../icons/exit.png'))
    toolbar.Realize()

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_TOOL, self.OnExit, id=wx.ID_EXIT)

        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

    def OnExit(self, event):
        self.Close()


app = wx.App()
SimpleToolbar(None, -1, 'simple toolbar')
app.MainLoop()