介绍一个强大的分析网络的脚本,此脚本是从拆分出来的,觉得有必要单独介绍下。
脚本运行效果截图:
此脚本包含的功能有:
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1、实时监控任意网卡的流量
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2、统计10秒内平均流量
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3、统计每个端口在10秒内的平均流量,基于客户端和服务端端口统计。可以看出哪些端口占流量比较大,对于web服务器,一般是80端口。其它端口受到攻击时,也有可能其它端口流量比较大。所以此功能可以帮助我们端口流量是否正常。
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4、统计在10s内占用带宽最大的前10个ip。此项功能可以帮助我们来查出是否有恶意占用带宽的ip。
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5、统计连接状态。此项功能可以让我们看出哪些连接状态比较大。如果SYN-RECV状态比较多的话,有可以受到半连接攻击。如果ESTABLISED非常大,但通过日志发现没有那么多请求,或者通过发现大量ip只建立连接不请求数据的话,可能是受到了全连接攻击,这时候如果你使用的是服务器,可以在配置文件增加listen 80 deferred来防止。
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6、统计各端口连接状态。当可能受到攻击时,此项功能可以帮助我们发现是哪个端口受到攻击。
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7、统计端口为80且状态为ESTAB连接数最多的前10个IP。此项功能可以帮助我们来找出创建连接过多的Ip,进而屏蔽。
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8、统计端口为80且状态为SYN-RECV连接数最多的前10个IP。当受到半连接攻击时,此项功能可以帮助我们找到恶意ip。
用到的网络分析工具:
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1、tcpdump:此脚本用tcpdump来统计基于ip或基于端口的流量。
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2、ss: 此脚本用ss命令来统计连接状态,实际使用发现ss比netstat高效得多。
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3、/proc/net/dev,用来统计指定网卡的流量。
脚本下载地址:
下面贴出完整的脚本:
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#!/bin/bash
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#write by zhumaohai(admin#centos.bz)
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#author blog:
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#显示菜单(单选)
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display_menu(){
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local soft=$1
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local prompt="which ${soft} you'd select: "
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eval local arr=(\${${soft}_arr[@]})
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while true
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do
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echo -e "#################### ${soft} setting ####################\n\n"
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for ((i=1;i<=${#arr[@]};i++ )); do echo -e "$i) ${arr[$i-1]}"; done
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echo
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read -p "${prompt}" $soft
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eval local select=\$$soft
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if [ "$select" == "" ] || [ "${arr[$soft-1]}" == "" ];then
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prompt="input errors,please input a number: "
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else
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eval $soft=${arr[$soft-1]}
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eval echo "your selection: \$$soft"
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break
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fi
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done
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}
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#把带宽bit单位转换为人类可读单位
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bit_to_human_readable(){
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#input bit value
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local trafficValue=$1
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if [[ ${trafficValue%.*} -gt 922 ]];then
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#conv to Kb
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trafficValue=`awk -v value=$trafficValue 'BEGIN{printf "%0.1f",value/1024}'`
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if [[ ${trafficValue%.*} -gt 922 ]];then
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#conv to Mb
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trafficValue=`awk -v value=$trafficValue 'BEGIN{printf "%0.1f",value/1024}'`
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echo "${trafficValue}Mb"
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else
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echo "${trafficValue}Kb"
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fi
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else
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echo "${trafficValue}b"
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fi
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}
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#判断包管理工具
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check_package_manager(){
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local manager=$1
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local systemPackage=''
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if cat /etc/issue | grep -q -E -i "ubuntu|debian";then
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systemPackage='apt'
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elif cat /etc/issue | grep -q -E -i "centos|red hat|redhat";then
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systemPackage='yum'
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elif cat /proc/version | grep -q -E -i "ubuntu|debian";then
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systemPackage='apt'
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elif cat /proc/version | grep -q -E -i "centos|red hat|redhat";then
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systemPackage='yum'
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else
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echo "unkonw"
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fi
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if [ "$manager" == "$systemPackage" ];then
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return 0
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else
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return 1
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fi
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}
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#实时流量
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realTimeTraffic(){
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local eth=""
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local nic_arr=(`ifconfig | grep -E -o "^[a-z0-9]+" | grep -v "lo" | uniq`)
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local nicLen=${#nic_arr[@]}
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if [[ $nicLen -eq 0 ]]; then
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echo "sorry,I can not detect any network device,please report this issue to author."
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exit 1
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elif [[ $nicLen -eq 1 ]]; then
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eth=$nic_arr
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else
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display_menu nic
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eth=$nic
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fi
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local clear=true
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local eth_in_peak=0
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local eth_out_peak=0
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local eth_in=0
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local eth_out=0
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while true;do
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#移动光标到0:0位置
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printf "\033[0;0H"
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#清屏并打印Now Peak
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[[ $clear == true ]] && printf "\033[2J" && echo "$eth--------Now--------Peak-----------"
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traffic_be=(`awk -v eth=$eth -F'[: ]+' '{if ($0 ~eth){print $3,$11}}' /proc/net/dev`)
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sleep 2
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traffic_af=(`awk -v eth=$eth -F'[: ]+' '{if ($0 ~eth){print $3,$11}}' /proc/net/dev`)
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#计算速率
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eth_in=$(( (${traffic_af[0]}-${traffic_be[0]})*8/2 ))
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eth_out=$(( (${traffic_af[1]}-${traffic_be[1]})*8/2 ))
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#计算流量峰值
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[[ $eth_in -gt $eth_in_peak ]] && eth_in_peak=$eth_in
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[[ $eth_out -gt $eth_out_peak ]] && eth_out_peak=$eth_out
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#移动光标到2:1
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printf "\033[2;1H"
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#清除当前行
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printf "\033[K"
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printf "%-20s %-20s\n" "Receive: $(bit_to_human_readable $eth_in)" "$(bit_to_human_readable $eth_in_peak)"
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#清除当前行
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printf "\033[K"
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printf "%-20s %-20s\n" "Transmit: $(bit_to_human_readable $eth_out)" "$(bit_to_human_readable $eth_out_peak)"
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[[ $clear == true ]] && clear=false
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done
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}
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#流量和连接概览
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trafficAndConnectionOverview(){
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if ! which tcpdump > /dev/null;then
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echo "tcpdump not found,going to install it."
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if check_package_manager apt;then
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apt-get -y install tcpdump
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elif check_package_manager yum;then
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yum -y install tcpdump
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fi
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fi
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local reg=""
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local eth=""
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local nic_arr=(`ifconfig | grep -E -o "^[a-z0-9]+" | grep -v "lo" | uniq`)
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local nicLen=${#nic_arr[@]}
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if [[ $nicLen -eq 0 ]]; then
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echo "sorry,I can not detect any network device,please report this issue to author."
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exit 1
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elif [[ $nicLen -eq 1 ]]; then
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eth=$nic_arr
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else
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display_menu nic
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eth=$nic
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fi
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echo "please wait for 10s to generate network data..."
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echo
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#当前流量值
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local traffic_be=(`awk -v eth=$eth -F'[: ]+' '{if ($0 ~eth){print $3,$11}}' /proc/net/dev`)
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#tcpdump监听网络
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tcpdump -v -i $eth -tnn > /tmp/tcpdump_temp 2>&1 &
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sleep 10
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clear
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kill `ps aux | grep tcpdump | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
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#10s后流量值
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local traffic_af=(`awk -v eth=$eth -F'[: ]+' '{if ($0 ~eth){print $3,$11}}' /proc/net/dev`)
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#打印10s平均速率
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local eth_in=$(( (${traffic_af[0]}-${traffic_be[0]})*8/10 ))
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local eth_out=$(( (${traffic_af[1]}-${traffic_be[1]})*8/10 ))
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echo -e "\033[32mnetwork device $eth average traffic in 10s: \033[0m"
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echo "$eth Receive: $(bit_to_human_readable $eth_in)/s"
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echo "$eth Transmit: $(bit_to_human_readable $eth_out)/s"
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echo
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local regTcpdump=$(ifconfig | grep -A 1 $eth | awk -F'[: ]+' '$0~/inet addr:/{printf $4"|"}' | sed -e 's/|$//' -e 's/^/(/' -e 's/$/)\\\\\.[0-9]+:/')
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#新旧版本tcpdump输出格式不一样,分别处理
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if awk '/^IP/{print;exit}' /tmp/tcpdump_temp | grep -q ")$";then
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#处理tcpdump文件
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awk '/^IP/{print;getline;print}' /tmp/tcpdump_temp > /tmp/tcpdump_temp2
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else
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#处理tcpdump文件
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awk '/^IP/{print}' /tmp/tcpdump_temp > /tmp/tcpdump_temp2
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sed -i -r 's#(.*: [0-9]+\))(.*)#\1\n \2#' /tmp/tcpdump_temp2
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fi
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awk '{len=$NF;sub(/\)/,"",len);getline;print $0,len}' /tmp/tcpdump_temp2 > /tmp/tcpdump
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#统计每个端口在10s内的平均流量
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echo -e "\033[32maverage traffic in 10s base on server port: \033[0m"
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awk -F'[ .:]+' -v regTcpdump=$regTcpdump '{if ($0 ~ regTcpdump){line="clients > "$8"."$9"."$10"."$11":"$12}else{line=$2"."$3"."$4"."$5":"$6" > clients"};sum[line]+=$NF*8/10}END{for (line in sum){printf "%s %d\n",line,sum[line]}}' /tmp/tcpdump | \
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sort -k 4 -nr | head -n 10 | while read a b c d;do
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echo "$a $b $c $(bit_to_human_readable $d)/s"
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done
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echo -ne "\033[11A"
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echo -ne "\033[50C"
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echo -e "\033[32maverage traffic in 10s base on client port: \033[0m"
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awk -F'[ .:]+' -v regTcpdump=$regTcpdump '{if ($0 ~ regTcpdump){line=$2"."$3"."$4"."$5":"$6" > server"}else{line="server > "$8"."$9"."$10"."$11":"$12};sum[line]+=$NF*8/10}END{for (line in sum){printf "%s %d\n",line,sum[line]}}' /tmp/tcpdump | \
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sort -k 4 -nr | head -n 10 | while read a b c d;do
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echo -ne "\033[50C"
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echo "$a $b $c $(bit_to_human_readable $d)/s"
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done
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echo
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#统计在10s内占用带宽最大的前10个ip
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echo -e "\033[32mtop 10 ip average traffic in 10s base on server: \033[0m"
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awk -F'[ .:]+' -v regTcpdump=$regTcpdump '{if ($0 ~ regTcpdump){line=$2"."$3"."$4"."$5" > "$8"."$9"."$10"."$11":"$12}else{line=$2"."$3"."$4"."$5":"$6" > "$8"."$9"."$10"."$11};sum[line]+=$NF*8/10}END{for (line in sum){printf "%s %d\n",line,sum[line]}}' /tmp/tcpdump | \
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sort -k 4 -nr | head -n 10 | while read a b c d;do
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echo "$a $b $c $(bit_to_human_readable $d)/s"
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done
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echo -ne "\033[11A"
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echo -ne "\033[50C"
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echo -e "\033[32mtop 10 ip average traffic in 10s base on client: \033[0m"
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awk -F'[ .:]+' -v regTcpdump=$regTcpdump '{if ($0 ~ regTcpdump){line=$2"."$3"."$4"."$5":"$6" > "$8"."$9"."$10"."$11}else{line=$2"."$3"."$4"."$5" > "$8"."$9"."$10"."$11":"$12};sum[line]+=$NF*8/10}END{for (line in sum){printf "%s %d\n",line,sum[line]}}' /tmp/tcpdump | \
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sort -k 4 -nr | head -n 10 | while read a b c d;do
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echo -ne "\033[50C"
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echo "$a $b $c $(bit_to_human_readable $d)/s"
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done
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echo
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#统计连接状态
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local regSS=$(ifconfig | grep -A 1 $eth | awk -F'[: ]+' '$0~/inet addr:/{printf $4"|"}' | sed -e 's/|$//')
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ss -an | grep -v -E "LISTEN|UNCONN" | grep -E "$regSS" > /tmp/ss
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echo -e "\033[32mconnection state count: \033[0m"
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awk 'NR>1{sum[$(NF-4)]+=1}END{for (state in sum){print state,sum[state]}}' /tmp/ss | sort -k 2 -nr
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echo
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#统计各端口连接状态
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echo -e "\033[32mconnection state count by port base on server: \033[0m"
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awk 'NR>1{sum[$(NF-4),$(NF-1)]+=1}END{for (key in sum){split(key,subkey,SUBSEP);print subkey[1],subkey[2],sum[subkey[1],subkey[2]]}}' /tmp/ss | sort -k 3 -nr | head -n 10
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echo -ne "\033[11A"
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echo -ne "\033[50C"
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echo -e "\033[32mconnection state count by port base on client: \033[0m"
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awk 'NR>1{sum[$(NF-4),$(NF)]+=1}END{for (key in sum){split(key,subkey,SUBSEP);print subkey[1],subkey[2],sum[subkey[1],subkey[2]]}}' /tmp/ss | sort -k 3 -nr | head -n 10 | awk '{print "\033[50C"$0}'
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echo
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#统计端口为80且状态为ESTAB连接数最多的前10个IP
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echo -e "\033[32mtop 10 ip ESTAB state count at port 80: \033[0m"
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cat /tmp/ss | grep ESTAB | awk -F'[: ]+' '{sum[$(NF-2)]+=1}END{for (ip in sum){print ip,sum[ip]}}' | sort -k 2 -nr | head -n 10
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echo
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#统计端口为80且状态为SYN-RECV连接数最多的前10个IP
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echo -e "\033[32mtop 10 ip SYN-RECV state count at port 80: \033[0m"
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cat /tmp/ss | grep -E "$regSS" | grep SYN-RECV | awk -F'[: ]+' '{sum[$(NF-2)]+=1}END{for (ip in sum){print ip,sum[ip]}}' | sort -k 2 -nr | head -n 10
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}
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main(){
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while true; do
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echo -e "1) real time traffic.\n2) traffic and connection overview.\n"
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read -p "please input your select(ie 1): " select
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case $select in
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1) realTimeTraffic;break;;
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2) trafficAndConnectionOverview;break;;
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*) echo "input error,please input a number.";;
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esac
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done
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}
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main
脚本中如有不明白的地方,可以留言咨询。
https:///2014/06/shell-script-for-network-analysis/
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