MySQL编码LINUX平台

作者: Intercon  出自:

Linux下安装MySQL5.0.37需要以下面三个包:

MySQL-client-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm

MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm

perl-DBI-1.53-2.fc7.i386.rpm

(以下步骤需要root权限)

1.验证是否已经安装过MySQL

rpm -qa|grep MySQL

如果发现有安装过,并需要卸载,使用下面命令

rpm -e MySQL-client-community MySQL-server-community

2.安装

执行:rpm -ivh MySQL-client-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386.rpm

如果控制台提示:

error: Failed dependencies:

perl(DBI) is needed by MySQL-client-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386

perl(DBI) is needed by MySQL-server-community-5.0.37-0.rhel3.i386

代表当前操作系统缺少DBI模块,请先安装DBI模块.

rpm -ivh perl-DBI-1.53-2.fc7.i386.rpm

提示下面文字代表正确安装:

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:perl-DBI ########################################### [100%]

重新执行MySQL的安装命令

提示下面文字代表正确安装:

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-server-community ########################################### [ 50%]

2:MySQL-client-community ########################################### [100%]

3.初始化安装

/usr/bin/mysql_install_db

4.启动mysql

/etc/init.d/mysql start

(停止有两种方法:[mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown] [/etc/init.d/mysql stop])

5.验证安装成功

netstat -nat|grep 3306

如果能看到下面一行说明正常安装:

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

6.修改mysql的root用户密码

mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

7.登陆mysql客户端

mysql -uroot -p

输入:123456

8.建立数据库

mysql> create database gbkdb character set gbk;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

9.为数据库gbkdb建立用户(用户:user 密码:123)

mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create on gbkdb.* to user@"%" identified by "123";

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)10.修改配置

cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

在[client]下面增加一行:

[client]

default-character-set = gbk

在[mysqld]下面增加三行:

[mysqld]

default-character-set = gbk

default-collation = gbk_chinese_ci

init_connect = 'SET NAMES gbk'

在[mysql]下面增加一行:

[mysql]

default-character-set = gbk

11.重启MySQL

/etc/init.d/mysql restart

12.重登陆mysql控制台确认配置变化

mysql -uroot -p

输入:123456

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | gbk |

| character_set_connection | gbk |

| character_set_database | gbk |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | gbk |

| character_set_server | gbk |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

13.在远程使用控制台登陆,确认用户可以使用

mysql -h10.10.1.156 -uuser -p

输入:123

mysql> use gbkdb;

Database changed

14.连接字符串

在应用中使用下面两种皆可:

jdbc:mysql://10.10.1.156/gbkdb?characterEncoding=gbk

jdbc:mysql://10.10.1.156/gbkdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GBK

说明:mysql5与mysql4的字符集处理方式不同

MySQL5已经可以很好的支持各种字符集,在安装完成之后可以不用修改配置文件就能支持GBK/GB2312等中文字符集

我们拷贝一个my.cnf出来修改是更好的支持客户端维护,省得需要每次都使用set names gbk;命令切换显示字符集.

如果在控制台出现乱码(如下方oprName),系控制台的显示问题:

mysql> SELECT * FROM user;

+-------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+

| oprId | passwd | oprName | roleId | oprStatus |

+-------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+

| 02562 | 000000 | ?? | ADMIN | ON |

+-------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+

1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

只需要执行set names命令即可;

mysql> set names gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM user;

+-------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+

| oprId | passwd | oprName | roleId | oprStatus |

+-------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+

| 02562 | 000000 | 赵军 | ADMIN | ON |

+-------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+

1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

----相关目录----

1、数据库目录

/var/lib/mysql/

2、配置文件

/usr/share/mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）

3、相关命令

/usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)

4、启动脚本

/etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）

----常用命令----

1、显示数据库

mysql> show databases;

+----------+

| Database |

+----------+

| mysql |

| test |

+----------+

2 rows in set (0.04 sec)

2.打开库

mysql> use mysql;

Database changed

3.显示表

mysql> show tables;

+-----------------+

| Tables_in_mysql |

+-----------------+

| columns_priv |

| db |

| func |

| host |

| tables_priv |

| user |

+-----------------+

6 rows in set (0.01 sec)