分类: LINUX
2008-05-05 22:39:56
最近在都《C专家编程》,提到了lint这个C语言的代码检查工具。 用aptitude search一下,没有发现lint软件包,倒是发现了splint这个工具。 看一下下面的代码(当然包括错误,以检验splint的功能): #include int main(int argc,char* argv[]){ int a=100; /*没有使用的变量*/ int b[8]; printf("Hello c\n"); b[9]=100; /*明显数组越界 */ /* 用到了两个为声明的变量c和d/ c=100; d=10; return 0; } 现在可以用splint来检查一下,为了检验是否可以检测到数组越界,使用+bounds选项。 splint hi.c +bounds 输出结果: hi.c: (in function main) hi.c:9:2: Unrecognized identifier: c Identifier used in code has not been declared. (Use -unrecog to inhibit warning) hi.c:10:2: Unrecognized identifier: d hi.c:4:6: Variable a declared but not used A variable is declared but never used. Use /*@unused@*/ in front of declaration to suppress message. (Use -varuse to inhibit warning) hi.c:7:2: Likely out-of-bounds store: b[9] Unable to resolve constraint: requires 7 >= 9 needed to satisfy precondition: requires maxSet(b @ hi.c:7:2) >= 9 A memory write may write to an address beyond the allocated buffer. (Use -likely-boundswrite to inhibit warning) hi.c:3:14: Parameter argc not used A function parameter is not used in the body of the function. If the argument is needed for type compatibility or future plans, use /*@unused@*/ in the argument declaration. (Use -paramuse to inhibit warning) hi.c:3:25: Parameter argv not used Finished checking --- 6 code warnings 现在详细看一下结果: 检查结果1: Identifier used in code has not been declared. (Use -unrecog to inhibit warning) hi.c:10:2: Unrecognized identifier: d hi.c:4:6: Variable a declared but not used A variable is declared but never used. Use /*@unused@*/ in front of declaration to suppress message. (Use -varuse to inhibit warning) 这些应该是splint检测到变量c和d没有声明。 检查结果2: hi.c:7:2: Likely out-of-bounds store: b[9] Unable to resolve constraint: requires 7 >= 9 needed to satisfy precondition: requires maxSet(b @ hi.c:7:2) >= 9 A memory write may write to an address beyond the allocated buffer. (Use -likely-boundswrite to inhibit warning) 这些是检查存在数组越界,因为吧b[8]的最大数组序号应该是7,而不是9,所以出现requires 7 >= 9; 检查结果3: hi.c:3:14: Parameter argc not used A function parameter is not used in the body of the function. If the argument is needed for type compatibility or future plans, use /*@unused@*/ in the argument declaration. (Use -paramuse to inhibit warning) hi.c:3:25: Parameter argv not used 这些表明argc和argv变量声明了,但是没有使用。这个不是什么问题。 如果小心使用splint,应该对于c语言的程序编写有非常大的辅助作用! |