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第八章. 启动第二个节点实例
8.1 准备第二个节点的日志与重做
在第一个节点上
SQL>shutdown immediate
SQL>startup mount pfile=file name
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 2
2 group 4 ( /u01/oracle/oradata/rac/redo04.log ) size 10240K,
3 group 5 ( /u01/oracle/oradata/rac/redo05.log ) size 10240K,
4 group 6 ( /u01/oracle/oradata/rac/redo06.log ) size 10240k;
SQL>alter database open;
SQL> alter database enable public thread 2;
SQL> create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile
2 /u01/oracle/oradata/rac/undotbs2_01.dbf size 200m;
Tablespace created.
8.2 启动第二个实例
如果是单节点，再开启一个连接终端
su - oracle
$export ORACLE_SID=rac2
$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL>startup pfile=file name
这里的pfile就是共享的那个pfile
如果是多节点，到另外一个节点，执行以上同样的操作
8.3 验证RAC
SQL> select THREAD#,STATUS,ENABLED from gv$thread;
THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
1 OPEN PUBLIC
2 OPEN PUBLIC
1 OPEN PUBLIC
2 OPEN PUBLIC
SQL> select INSTANCE_NUMBER,INSTANCE_NUMBER,STATUS,HOST_NAME from gv$instance;
INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NUMBER STATUS HOST_NAME
--------------- --------------- ------------ ------------------
1 1 OPEN dbrac1
2 2 OPEN dbrac2
第九章. 测试、使用RAC
9.1监听的配置
LISTENER1 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dbrac)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
)
LISTENER2 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dbrac)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
)
以上是单节点模拟RAC的配置，两个实例采用不同的端口来模拟，如果是多节点的RAC，每个节点只要配置自己相应的监听即可。
启动监听，当看到状态类似如下时，表示正确，否则，需要检查每个实例的local_listener与remote_listener参数。
$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on 29-MAY-2004 10:38:08
Copyright (c) 1991, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.168.205)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 25-MAY-2004 01:27:14
Uptime 4 days 9 hr. 10 min. 54 sec
Trace Level off
Security OFF
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle//ora920/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle//ora920/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.168.205)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "rac" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "rac1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "rac2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
9.2本地名称的配置
rac=
(description=
(load_balance=on)
(failover=on)
(address_list=
(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=dbrac)(port=1521))
(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=dbrac)(port=1522)))
(connect_data=
(service_name=rac)))
rac1=
(description=
(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=dbrac)(port=1521))
(connect_data=
(service_name=rac)
(instance_name=rac1)))
rac2=
(description=
(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=dbrac)(port=1522))
(connect_data=
(service_name=rac)
(instance_name=rac2)))
以上是对一个节点的RAC的配置，如果是多个节点，只需要修改主机名与端口即可
9.3 负载均衡测试
[oracle@dbtest admin]$ more test.sh
#!/bin/sh
sqlplus "test/test@rac" <
select instance_name from v\$instance;
exit
EOF
[oracle@dbtest admin]$ ./test.sh
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat May 29 10:50:08 2004
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL>
INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
rac2
[oracle@dbtest admin]$ ./test.sh
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat May 29 10:50:08 2004
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL>
INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
rac1
9.4失败切换（failover）测试
需要修改tnsnames.ora为如下形式
rac=
(description=
# (enable=broken)
(load_balance=on)
(failover=on)
(address_list=
(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=dbtest)(port=1521))
(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=dbtest)(port=1522)))
(connect_data=
(service_name=rac)
(failover_mode=(type=select)(method=basic)
)
)
)
注意其中的failover_mode
SQL> connect test/test@rac
SQL> select INSTANCE_NUMBER,INSTANCE_NAME from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME
--------------- ----------------
2 rac2
如果现在关闭实例rac2，再执行如上语句，可以发现
SQL> select INSTANCE_NUMBER,INSTANCE_NAME from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME
--------------- ----------------
1 rac1
已经变为rac1
9.5 rac环境下修改为归档模式
1.停止所有node
2.修改init文件*.cluster_database=false
3.在一个node做修改
startup mount;
alter database archivelog ;
SQL> archive log list;
SQL>alter database open;
4.还原 *.cluster_database=true
5.启动所有node
第十章．从单节点数据库变为RAC
首先假定数据库软件的Cluster已经安装，OCM已经安装配置。
10.1修改参数文件
增加如类似如下的内容
*.cluster_database = TRUE
*.cluster_database_instances = 2
*.undo_management=AUTO
.undo_tablespace=undotbs
.instance_name=RAC1
.instance_number=1
.thread=1
.local_listener=LISTENER_RAC1
.remote_listener=LISTENER_RAC2
10.2创建cluster视图
利用$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
10.3重新创建控制文件
把maxinstances 从1变为定义的节点数目
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect / as sysdba
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;
10.4创建第二个实例的redo与undo
启动第一个实例
SQL>alter database
add logfile thread 2
group 3 ( /dev/RAC/redo2_01_100.dbf ) size 100M,
group 4 ( /dev/RAC/redo2_02_100.dbf ) size 100M;
alter database enable public thread 2;
SQL>CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS2 DATAFILE
/dev/RAC/undotbs_02_210.dbf SIZE 200M ;
最后，在第二个节点上安装软件、设置环境变量、启动实例
小结
1、 描述了RAC的运行原理与运行机制
2、 描述了RAC for Linux的必要条件，如内核要求如软件要求
3、 描述各种存储设备的与多种文件系统，如Raw,ocfs等
4、 描述了Cluster管理软件在不同平台上的安装方法
5、 描述了数据库软件在不同平台上的安装方法
6、 描述了手工创建RAC数据库并启动多个数据库的方法
7、 介绍了RAC的一些特征与管理方法
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