SAMPLE：下面例子计算按部门分区按薪水排序的数据窗口的最后一个值对应的名字，如果薪水的最后一个值有多个，则从多个对应的名字中取缺省排序的最后一个名字
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SELECT department_id, last_name, salary, LAST_VALUE(last_name)
OVER(PARTITION BY department_id ORDER BY salary) AS highest_sal
FROM employees
WHERE department_id in(20,30);
DEPARTMENT_ID LAST_NAME SALARY HIGHEST_SAL
------------- ------------------------- ---------- ------------
20 Fay 6000 Fay
20 Hartstein 13000 Hartstein
30 Colmenares 2500 Colmenares
30 Himuro 2600 Himuro
30 Tobias 2800 Tobias
30 Baida 2900 Baida
30 Khoo 3100 Khoo
30 Raphaely 11000 Raphaely
LEAD
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功能描述：LEAD与LAG相反，LEAD可以访问组中当前行之后的行。Offset是一个正整数，其默认值为1，若索引超出窗口的范围，就返回默认值(默认返回的是组中第一行)
SAMPLE：下面的例子中每行的"NextHired"返回按hire_date排序的下一行的hire_date值
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SELECT last_name, hire_date,
LEAD(hire_date, 1) OVER (ORDER BY hire_date) AS "NextHired"
FROM employees WHERE department_id = 30;
LAST_NAME HIRE_DATE NextHired
------------------------- --------- ---------
Raphaely 07-DEC-94 18-MAY-95
Khoo 18-MAY-95 24-JUL-97
Tobias 24-JUL-97 24-DEC-97
Baida 24-DEC-97 15-NOV-98
Himuro 15-NOV-98 10-AUG-99
Colmenares 10-AUG-99
MAX
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功能描述：在一个组中的数据窗口中查找表达式的最大值。
