看到了那么多人在学习curses，我也感觉到我遇到的知己！这里就写点关于这方面的知识并列出小弟的一点学习笔记！当学完curses后，写windows下面的代码感觉有点别扭了！希望学完后的朋友不要像我一样！下面给大家列一下ncurses库里的内容！内容比较庞大！值得大家好好的研究，里面的函数也很全！
代码:
/***************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 1998-2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
* *
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
* distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
* *
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
* in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
* *
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
* DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
* THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
* *
* Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
* holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
* sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
* authorization. *
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Author: Zeyd M. Ben-Halim 1992,1995 *
* and: Eric S. Raymond *
* and: Thomas E. Dickey 1996-on *
****************************************************************************/
/* $Id: curses.h.in,v 1.136 2003/01/18 23:33:20 tom Exp $ */
#ifndef __NCURSES_H
#define __NCURSES_H
#define CURSES 1
#define CURSES_H 1
/* This should be defined for the enhanced functionality to be visible.
* However, some of the wide-character (enhanced) functionality is missing.
* So we do not define it (yet).
#define _XOPEN_CURSES 1
*/
/* These are defined only in curses.h, and are used for conditional compiles */
#define NCURSES_VERSION_MAJOR 5
#define NCURSES_VERSION_MINOR 3
#define NCURSES_VERSION_PATCH 20030118
/* This is defined in more than one ncurses header, for identification */
#undef NCURSES_VERSION
#define NCURSES_VERSION "5.3"
#include
/*
* NCURSES_ATTR_T is used to quiet compiler warnings when building ncurses
* configured using --disable-macros.
*/
#ifdef NCURSES_NOMACROS
#define NCURSES_ATTR_T attr_t
#endif
#ifndef NCURSES_ATTR_T
#define NCURSES_ATTR_T int
#endif
/*
* Expands to 'const' if ncurses is configured using --enable-const. Note that
* doing so makes it incompatible with other implementations of X/Open Curses.
*/
#undef NCURSES_CONST
#define NCURSES_CONST /*nothing*/
/*
* The internal type used for color values
*/
#undef NCURSES_COLOR_T
#define NCURSES_COLOR_T short
/*
* The internal type used for window dimensions.
*/
#undef NCURSES_SIZE_T
#define NCURSES_SIZE_T short
/*
* NCURSES_CH_T is used in building the library, but not used otherwise in
* this header file, since that would make the normal/wide-character versions
* of the header incompatible.
*/
#undef NCURSES_CH_T
#define NCURSES_CH_T chtype
typedef unsigned long chtype;
#include
#include
#include /* we need va_list */
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#include /* we want wchar_t */
#endif /* _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED */
/* XSI and SVr4 specify that curses implements 'bool'. However, C++ may also
* implement it. If so, we must use the C++ compiler's type to avoid conflict
* with other interfaces.
*
* A further complication is that may declare 'bool' to be a
* different type, such as an enum which is not necessarily compatible with
* C++. If we have , make 'bool' a macro, so users may #undef it.
* Otherwise, let it remain a typedef to avoid conflicts with other #define's.
* In either case, make a typedef for NCURSES_BOOL which can be used if needed
* from either C or C++.
*/
#undef TRUE
#define TRUE 1
#undef FALSE
#define FALSE 0
typedef unsigned char NCURSES_BOOL;
#if (!defined(__cplusplus) || !1) && (!0)
#if 1
#include
#endif
#undef bool
#if 1
#define bool NCURSES_BOOL
#else
typedef unsigned char bool;
#endif
#endif /* !__cplusplus, etc. */
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* XSI attributes. In the ncurses implementation, they are identical to the
* A_ attributes.
*/
#define WA_ATTRIBUTES A_ATTRIBUTES
#define WA_NORMAL A_NORMAL
#define WA_STANDOUT A_STANDOUT
#define WA_UNDERLINE A_UNDERLINE
#define WA_REVERSE A_REVERSE
#define WA_BLINK A_BLINK
#define WA_DIM A_DIM
#define WA_BOLD A_BOLD
#define WA_ALTCHARSET A_ALTCHARSET
#define WA_INVIS A_INVIS
#define WA_PROTECT A_PROTECT
#define WA_HORIZONTAL A_HORIZONTAL
#define WA_LEFT A_LEFT
#define WA_LOW A_LOW
#define WA_RIGHT A_RIGHT
#define WA_TOP A_TOP
#define WA_VERTICAL A_VERTICAL
/* colors */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) COLORS;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) COLOR_PAIRS;
#define COLOR_BLACK 0
#define COLOR_RED 1
#define COLOR_GREEN 2
#define COLOR_YELLOW 3
#define COLOR_BLUE 4
#define COLOR_MAGENTA 5
#define COLOR_CYAN 6
#define COLOR_WHITE 7
/* line graphics */
#if 0
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(chtype*) _nc_acs_map(void);
#define acs_map (_nc_acs_map())
#else
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(chtype) acs_map[];
#endif
/* VT100 symbols begin here */
#define ACS_ULCORNER (acs_map['l']) /* upper left corner */
#define ACS_LLCORNER (acs_map['m']) /* lower left corner */
#define ACS_URCORNER (acs_map['k']) /* upper right corner */
#define ACS_LRCORNER (acs_map['j']) /* lower right corner */
#define ACS_LTEE (acs_map['t']) /* tee pointing right */
#define ACS_RTEE (acs_map['u']) /* tee pointing left */
#define ACS_BTEE (acs_map['v']) /* tee pointing up */
#define ACS_TTEE (acs_map['w']) /* tee pointing down */
#define ACS_HLINE (acs_map['q']) /* horizontal line */
#define ACS_VLINE (acs_map['x']) /* vertical line */
#define ACS_PLUS (acs_map['n']) /* large plus or crossover */
#define ACS_S1 (acs_map['o']) /* scan line 1 */
#define ACS_S9 (acs_map['s']) /* scan line 9 */
#define ACS_DIAMOND (acs_map['`']) /* diamond */
#define ACS_CKBOARD (acs_map['a']) /* checker board (stipple) */
#define ACS_DEGREE (acs_map['f']) /* degree symbol */
#define ACS_PLMINUS (acs_map['g']) /* plus/minus */
#define ACS_BULLET (acs_map['~']) /* bullet */
/* Teletype 5410v1 symbols begin here */
#define ACS_LARROW (acs_map[',']) /* arrow pointing left */
#define ACS_RARROW (acs_map['+']) /* arrow pointing right */
#define ACS_DARROW (acs_map['.']) /* arrow pointing down */
#define ACS_UARROW (acs_map['-']) /* arrow pointing up */
#define ACS_BOARD (acs_map['h']) /* board of squares */
#define ACS_LANTERN (acs_map['i']) /* lantern symbol */
#define ACS_BLOCK (acs_map['0']) /* solid square block */
/*
* These aren't documented, but a lot of System Vs have them anyway
* (you can spot pprryyzz{{||}} in a lot of AT&T terminfo strings).
* The ACS_names may not match AT&T's, our source didn't know them.
*/
#define ACS_S3 (acs_map['p']) /* scan line 3 */
#define ACS_S7 (acs_map['r']) /* scan line 7 */
#define ACS_LEQUAL (acs_map['y']) /* less/equal */
#define ACS_GEQUAL (acs_map['z']) /* greater/equal */
#define ACS_PI (acs_map['{']) /* Pi */
#define ACS_NEQUAL (acs_map['|']) /* not equal */
#define ACS_STERLING (acs_map['}']) /* UK pound sign */
/*
* Line drawing ACS names are of the form ACS_trbl, where t is the top, r
* is the right, b is the bottom, and l is the left. t, r, b, and l might
* be B (blank), S (single), D (double), or T (thick). The subset defined
* here only uses B and S.
*/
#define ACS_BSSB ACS_ULCORNER
#define ACS_SSBB ACS_LLCORNER
#define ACS_BBSS ACS_URCORNER
#define ACS_SBBS ACS_LRCORNER
#define ACS_SBSS ACS_RTEE
#define ACS_SSSB ACS_LTEE
#define ACS_SSBS ACS_BTEE
#define ACS_BSSS ACS_TTEE
#define ACS_BSBS ACS_HLINE
#define ACS_SBSB ACS_VLINE
#define ACS_SSSS ACS_PLUS
#undef ERR
#define ERR (-1)
#undef OK
#define OK (0)
/* values for the _flags member */
#define _SUBWIN 0x01 /* is this a sub-window? */
#define _ENDLINE 0x02 /* is the window flush right? */
#define _FULLWIN 0x04 /* is the window full-screen? */
#define _SCROLLWIN 0x08 /* bottom edge is at screen bottom? */
#define _ISPAD 0x10 /* is this window a pad? */
#define _HASMOVED 0x20 /* has cursor moved since last refresh? */
#define _WRAPPED 0x40 /* cursor was just wrappped */
/*
* this value is used in the firstchar and lastchar fields to mark
* unchanged lines
*/
#define _NOCHANGE -1
/*
* this value is used in the oldindex field to mark lines created by insertions
* and scrolls.
*/
#define _NEWINDEX -1
typedef struct screen SCREEN;
typedef struct _win_st WINDOW;
typedef chtype attr_t; /* ...must be at least as wide as chtype */
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#if 0
#ifdef mblen /* libutf8.h defines it w/o undefining first */
#undef mblen
#endif
#include
#define _WCHAR_T
#define _WINT_T
#endif
#if 0
#include /* ...to get mbstate_t, etc. */
#endif
#if !defined(_WCHAR_T) && !defined(wchar_t)
typedef unsigned long wchar_t;
#endif /* _WCHAR_T */
#if !defined(_WINT_T) && !defined(wint_t)
typedef long int wint_t;
#endif /* _WINT_T */
#define CCHARW_MAX 5
typedef struct
{
attr_t attr;
wchar_t chars[CCHARW_MAX];
}
cchar_t;
#endif /* _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED */
struct ldat;
struct _win_st
{
NCURSES_SIZE_T _cury, _curx; /* current cursor position */
/* window location and size */
NCURSES_SIZE_T _maxy, _maxx; /* maximums of x and y, NOT window size */
NCURSES_SIZE_T _begy, _begx; /* screen coords of upper-left-hand corner */
short _flags; /* window state flags */
/* attribute tracking */
attr_t _attrs; /* current attribute for non-space character */
chtype _bkgd; /* current background char/attribute pair */
/* option values set by user */
bool _notimeout; /* no time out on function-key entry? */
bool _clear; /* consider all data in the window invalid? */
bool _leaveok; /* OK to not reset cursor on exit? */
bool _scroll; /* OK to scroll this window? */
bool _idlok; /* OK to use insert/delete line? */
bool _idcok; /* OK to use insert/delete char? */
bool _immed; /* window in immed mode? (not yet used) */
bool _sync; /* window in sync mode? */
bool _use_keypad; /* process function keys into KEY_ symbols? */
int _delay; /* 0 = nodelay, <0 = blocking, >0 = delay */
struct ldat *_line; /* the actual line data */
/* global screen state */
NCURSES_SIZE_T _regtop; /* top line of scrolling region */
NCURSES_SIZE_T _regbottom; /* bottom line of scrolling region */
/* these are used only if this is a sub-window */
int _parx; /* x coordinate of this window in parent */
int _pary; /* y coordinate of this window in parent */
WINDOW *_parent; /* pointer to parent if a sub-window */
/* these are used only if this is a pad */
struct pdat
{
NCURSES_SIZE_T _pad_y, _pad_x;
NCURSES_SIZE_T _pad_top, _pad_left;
NCURSES_SIZE_T _pad_bottom, _pad_right;
} _pad;
NCURSES_SIZE_T _yoffset; /* real begy is _begy + _yoffset */
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
cchar_t _bkgrnd; /* current background char/attribute pair */
#endif
};
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(WINDOW *) stdscr;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(WINDOW *) curscr;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(WINDOW *) newscr;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) LINES;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) COLS;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) TABSIZE;
/*
* This global was an undocumented feature under AIX curses.
*/
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) ESCDELAY; /* ESC expire time in milliseconds */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(char) ttytype[]; /* needed for backward compatibility */
/*
* These functions are extensions - not in XSI Curses.
*/
#if 1
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) is_term_resized (int, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) keybound (int, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(const char *) curses_version (void);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) assume_default_colors (int, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) define_key (char *, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) keyok (int, bool);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) resize_term (int, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) resizeterm (int, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) use_default_colors (void);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) use_extended_names (bool);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wresize (WINDOW *, int, int);
#else
#define curses_version() NCURSES_VERSION
#endif
/*
* This is an extension to support events...
*/
#if 1
#ifdef NCURSES_WGETCH_EVENTS
#if !defined(__BEOS__) /* Fix _nc_timed_wait() on BEOS... */
# define NCURSES_EVENT_VERSION 1
#endif /* !defined(__BEOS__) */
/*
* Bits to set in _nc_event.data.flags
*/
# define _NC_EVENT_TIMEOUT_MSEC 1
# define _NC_EVENT_FILE 2
# define _NC_EVENT_FILE_READABLE 2
# if 0 /* Not supported yet... */
# define _NC_EVENT_FILE_WRITABLE 4
# define _NC_EVENT_FILE_EXCEPTION 8
# endif
typedef struct
{
int type;
union
{
long timeout_msec; /* _NC_EVENT_TIMEOUT_MSEC */
struct
{
unsigned int flags;
int fd;
unsigned int result;
} fev; /* _NC_EVENT_FILE */
} data;
} _nc_event;
typedef struct
{
int count;
int result_flags; /* _NC_EVENT_TIMEOUT_MSEC or _NC_EVENT_FILE_READABLE */
_nc_event *events[1];
} _nc_eventlist;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wgetch_events(WINDOW *, _nc_eventlist *); /* experimental */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wgetnstr_events(WINDOW *,char *,int,_nc_eventlist *);/* experimental */
#endif /* NCURSES_WGETCH_EVENTS */
#endif /* NCURSES_EXT_FUNCS */
/*
* GCC (and some other compilers) define '__attribute__'; we're using this
* macro to alert the compiler to flag inconsistencies in printf/scanf-like
* function calls. Just in case '__attribute__' isn't defined, make a dummy.
* G++ doesn't accept it anyway.
*/
#if !defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__attribute__)
#define __attribute__(p) /* nothing */
#endif
/*
* For g++, turn off our macros that use __attribute__ (g++ recognizes some
* of them, but not at the same version levels as gcc).
*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
#undef GCC_NORETURN
#undef GCC_PRINTF
#undef GCC_SCANF
#undef GCC_UNUSED
#endif
/*
* We cannot define these in ncurses_cfg.h, since they require parameters to be
* passed (that's non-portable).
*/
#ifndef GCC_PRINTFLIKE
#if defined(GCC_PRINTF) && !defined(printf)
#define GCC_PRINTFLIKE(fmt,var) __attribute__((format(printf,fmt,var)))
#else
#define GCC_PRINTFLIKE(fmt,var) /*nothing*/
#endif
#endif
#ifndef GCC_SCANFLIKE
#if defined(GCC_SCANF) && !defined(scanf)
#define GCC_SCANFLIKE(fmt,var) __attribute__((format(scanf,fmt,var)))
#else
#define GCC_SCANFLIKE(fmt,var) /*nothing*/
#endif
#endif
#ifndef GCC_NORETURN
#define GCC_NORETURN /* nothing */
#endif
#ifndef GCC_UNUSED
#define GCC_UNUSED /* nothing */
#endif
/*
* Function prototypes. This is the complete XSI Curses list of required
* functions. Those marked `generated' will have sources generated from the
* macro definitions later in this file, in order to satisfy XPG4.2
* requirements.
*/
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) addch (const chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) addchnstr (const chtype *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) addchstr (const chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) addnstr (const char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) addstr (const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attroff (NCURSES_ATTR_T); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attron (NCURSES_ATTR_T); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attrset (NCURSES_ATTR_T); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attr_get (attr_t *, short *, void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attr_off (attr_t, void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attr_on (attr_t, void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) attr_set (attr_t, short, void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) baudrate (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) beep (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) bkgd (chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) bkgdset (chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) border (chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) box (WINDOW *, chtype, chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) can_change_color (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) cbreak (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) chgat (int, attr_t, short, const void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) clear (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) clearok (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) clrtobot (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) clrtoeol (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) color_content (short,short*,short*,short*); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) color_set (short,void*); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) COLOR_PAIR (int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) copywin (const WINDOW*,WINDOW*,int,int,int,int,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) curs_set (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) def_prog_mode (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) def_shell_mode (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) delay_output (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) delch (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) delscreen (SCREEN *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) delwin (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) deleteln (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) derwin (WINDOW *,int,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) doupdate (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) dupwin (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) echo (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) echochar (const chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) erase (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) endwin (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char) erasechar (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) filter (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) flash (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) flushinp (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(chtype) getbkgd (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) getch (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) getnstr (char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) getstr (char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) getwin (FILE *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) halfdelay (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) has_colors (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) has_ic (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) has_il (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) hline (chtype, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) idcok (WINDOW *, bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) idlok (WINDOW *, bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) immedok (WINDOW *, bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(chtype) inch (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) inchnstr (chtype *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) inchstr (chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) initscr (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) init_color (short,short,short,short); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) init_pair (short,short,short); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) innstr (char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) insch (chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) insdelln (int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) insertln (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) insnstr (const char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) insstr (const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) instr (char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) intrflush (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) isendwin (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) is_linetouched (WINDOW *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) is_wintouched (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(NCURSES_CONST char *) keyname (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) keypad (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char) killchar (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) leaveok (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) longname (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) meta (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) move (int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvaddch (int, int, const chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvaddchnstr (int, int, const chtype *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvaddchstr (int, int, const chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvaddnstr (int, int, const char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvaddstr (int, int, const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvchgat (int, int, int, attr_t, short, const void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvcur (int,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvdelch (int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvderwin (WINDOW *, int, int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvgetch (int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvgetnstr (int, int, char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvgetstr (int, int, char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvhline (int, int, chtype, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(chtype) mvinch (int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinchnstr (int, int, chtype *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinchstr (int, int, chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinnstr (int, int, char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinsch (int, int, chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinsnstr (int, int, const char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinsstr (int, int, const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvinstr (int, int, char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvprintw (int,int, const char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_PRINTFLIKE(3,4);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvscanw (int,int, NCURSES_CONST char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_SCANFLIKE(3,4);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvvline (int, int, chtype, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwaddch (WINDOW *, int, int, const chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwaddchnstr (WINDOW *, int, int, const chtype *, int);/* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwaddchstr (WINDOW *, int, int, const chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwaddnstr (WINDOW *, int, int, const char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwaddstr (WINDOW *, int, int, const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwchgat (WINDOW *, int, int, int, attr_t, short, const void *);/* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwdelch (WINDOW *, int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwgetch (WINDOW *, int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwgetnstr (WINDOW *, int, int, char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwgetstr (WINDOW *, int, int, char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwhline (WINDOW *, int, int, chtype, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwin (WINDOW *,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(chtype) mvwinch (WINDOW *, int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinchnstr (WINDOW *, int, int, chtype *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinchstr (WINDOW *, int, int, chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinnstr (WINDOW *, int, int, char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinsch (WINDOW *, int, int, chtype); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinsnstr (WINDOW *, int, int, const char *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinsstr (WINDOW *, int, int, const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwinstr (WINDOW *, int, int, char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwprintw (WINDOW*,int,int, const char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_PRINTFLIKE(4,5);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwscanw (WINDOW *,int,int, NCURSES_CONST char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_SCANFLIKE(4,5);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mvwvline (WINDOW *,int, int, chtype, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) napms (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) newpad (int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(SCREEN *) newterm (NCURSES_CONST char *,FILE *,FILE *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) newwin (int,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) nl (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) nocbreak (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) nodelay (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) noecho (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) nonl (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) noqiflush (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) noraw (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) notimeout (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) overlay (const WINDOW*,WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) overwrite (const WINDOW*,WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) pair_content (short,short*,short*); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) PAIR_NUMBER (int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) pechochar (WINDOW *, const chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) pnoutrefresh (WINDOW*,int,int,int,int,int,int);/* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) prefresh (WINDOW *,int,int,int,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) printw (const char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_PRINTFLIKE(1,2);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) putp (const char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) putwin (WINDOW *, FILE *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) qiflush (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) raw (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) redrawwin (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) refresh (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) resetty (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) reset_prog_mode (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) reset_shell_mode (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) ripoffline (int, int (*)(WINDOW *, int)); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) savetty (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scanw (NCURSES_CONST char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_SCANFLIKE(1,2);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scr_dump (const char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scr_init (const char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scrl (int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scroll (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scrollok (WINDOW *,bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scr_restore (const char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) scr_set (const char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) setscrreg (int,int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(SCREEN *) set_term (SCREEN *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_attroff (const chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_attr_off (const attr_t, void *); /* generated:WIDEC */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_attron (const chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_attr_on (attr_t,void*); /* generated:WIDEC */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_attrset (const chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(attr_t) slk_attr (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_attr_set (const attr_t,short,void*); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_clear (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_color (short); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_init (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) slk_label (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_noutrefresh (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_refresh (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_restore (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_set (int,const char *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) slk_touch (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) standout (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) standend (void); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) start_color (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) subpad (WINDOW *, int, int, int, int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(WINDOW *) subwin (WINDOW *,int,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) syncok (WINDOW *, bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(chtype) termattrs (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) termname (void); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) tigetflag (NCURSES_CONST char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) tigetnum (NCURSES_CONST char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) tigetstr (NCURSES_CONST char *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) timeout (int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) touchline (WINDOW *, int, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) touchwin (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) tparm (NCURSES_CONST char *, ...); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) typeahead (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) ungetch (int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) untouchwin (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) use_env (bool); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vidattr (chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vidputs (chtype, int (*)(int)); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vline (chtype, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vwprintw (WINDOW *, const char *,va_list); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vw_printw (WINDOW *, const char *,va_list); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vwscanw (WINDOW *, NCURSES_CONST char *,va_list); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vw_scanw (WINDOW *, NCURSES_CONST char *,va_list); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) waddch (WINDOW *, const chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) waddchnstr (WINDOW *,const chtype *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) waddchstr (WINDOW *,const chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) waddnstr (WINDOW *,const char *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) waddstr (WINDOW *,const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattron (WINDOW *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattroff (WINDOW *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattrset (WINDOW *, int); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattr_get (WINDOW *, attr_t *, short *, void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattr_on (WINDOW *, attr_t, void *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattr_off (WINDOW *, attr_t, void *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wattr_set (WINDOW *, attr_t, short, void *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wbkgd (WINDOW *, chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) wbkgdset (WINDOW *,chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wborder (WINDOW *,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype,chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wchgat (WINDOW *, int, attr_t, short, const void *);/* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wclear (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wclrtobot (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wclrtoeol (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wcolor_set (WINDOW*,short,void*); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) wcursyncup (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wdelch (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wdeleteln (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wechochar (WINDOW *, const chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) werase (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wgetch (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wgetnstr (WINDOW *,char *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wgetstr (WINDOW *, char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) whline (WINDOW *, chtype, int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(chtype) winch (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winchnstr (WINDOW *, chtype *, int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winchstr (WINDOW *, chtype *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winnstr (WINDOW *, char *, int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winsch (WINDOW *, chtype); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winsdelln (WINDOW *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winsertln (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winsnstr (WINDOW *, const char *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winsstr (WINDOW *, const char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) winstr (WINDOW *, char *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wmove (WINDOW *,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wnoutrefresh (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wprintw (WINDOW *, const char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_PRINTFLIKE(2,3);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wredrawln (WINDOW *,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wrefresh (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wscanw (WINDOW *, NCURSES_CONST char *,...) /* implemented */
GCC_SCANFLIKE(2,3);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wscrl (WINDOW *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wsetscrreg (WINDOW *,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wstandout (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wstandend (WINDOW *); /* generated */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) wsyncdown (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) wsyncup (WINDOW *); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) wtimeout (WINDOW *,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wtouchln (WINDOW *,int,int,int); /* implemented */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) wvline (WINDOW *,chtype,int); /* implemented */
/*
* vid_attr() was implemented originally based on the draft of XSI curses.
*/
#ifndef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#define vid_attr(a,pair,opts) vidattr(a)
#endif
/* attributes */
#define NCURSES_ATTR_SHIFT 8
#define NCURSES_BITS(mask,shift) ((mask) << ((shift) + NCURSES_ATTR_SHIFT))
#define A_NORMAL 0L
#define A_ATTRIBUTES NCURSES_BITS(~(1UL - 1UL),0)
#define A_CHARTEXT (NCURSES_BITS(1UL,0) - 1UL)
#define A_COLOR NCURSES_BITS(((1UL) << 8) - 1UL,0)
#define A_STANDOUT NCURSES_BITS(1UL,8)
#define A_UNDERLINE NCURSES_BITS(1UL,9)
#define A_REVERSE NCURSES_BITS(1UL,10)
#define A_BLINK NCURSES_BITS(1UL,11)
#define A_DIM NCURSES_BITS(1UL,12)
#define A_BOLD NCURSES_BITS(1UL,13)
#define A_ALTCHARSET NCURSES_BITS(1UL,14)
#define A_INVIS NCURSES_BITS(1UL,15)
#define A_PROTECT NCURSES_BITS(1UL,16)
#define A_HORIZONTAL NCURSES_BITS(1UL,17)
#define A_LEFT NCURSES_BITS(1UL,18)
#define A_LOW NCURSES_BITS(1UL,19)
#define A_RIGHT NCURSES_BITS(1UL,20)
#define A_TOP NCURSES_BITS(1UL,21)
#define A_VERTICAL NCURSES_BITS(1UL,22)
#define COLOR_PAIR(n) NCURSES_BITS(n, 0)
#define PAIR_NUMBER(a) ((int)(((a) & A_COLOR) >> NCURSES_ATTR_SHIFT))
/*
* pseudo functions
*/
#define wgetstr(w, s) wgetnstr(w, s, -1)
#define getnstr(s, n) wgetnstr(stdscr, s, n)
#define setterm(term) setupterm(term, 1, (int *)0)
#define fixterm() reset_prog_mode()
#define resetterm() reset_shell_mode()
#define saveterm() def_prog_mode()
#define crmode() cbreak()
#define nocrmode() nocbreak()
#define gettmode()
#define getyx(win,y,x) (y = (win)?(win)->_cury:ERR, x = (win)?(win)->_curx:ERR)
#define getbegyx(win,y,x) (y = (win)?(win)->_begy:ERR, x = (win)?(win)->_begx:ERR)
#define getmaxyx(win,y,x) (y = (win)?((win)->_maxy + 1):ERR, x = (win)?((win)->_maxx + 1):ERR)
#define getparyx(win,y,x) (y = (win)?(win)->_pary:ERR, x = (win)?(win)->_parx:ERR)
#define getsyx(y,x) do { if(newscr->_leaveok) (y)=(x)=-1; \
else getyx(newscr,(y),(x)); \
} while(0)
#define setsyx(y,x) do { if((y)==-1 && (x)==-1) newscr->_leaveok=TRUE; \
else {newscr->_leaveok=FALSE;wmove(newscr,(y),(x));} \
} while(0)
/* It seems older SYSV curses versions define these */
#define getattrs(win) ((win)?(win)->_attrs:A_NORMAL)
#define getcurx(win) ((win)?(win)->_curx:ERR)
#define getcury(win) ((win)?(win)->_cury:ERR)
#define getbegx(win) ((win)?(win)->_begx:ERR)
#define getbegy(win) ((win)?(win)->_begy:ERR)
#define getmaxx(win) ((win)?((win)->_maxx + 1):ERR)
#define getmaxy(win) ((win)?((win)->_maxy + 1):ERR)
#define getparx(win) ((win)?(win)->_parx:ERR)
#define getpary(win) ((win)?(win)->_pary:ERR)
#define wstandout(win) (wattrset(win,A_STANDOUT))
#define wstandend(win) (wattrset(win,A_NORMAL))
#define wattr_set(win,a,p,opts) ((win)->_attrs = (((a) & ~A_COLOR) | COLOR_PAIR(p)), OK)
#define wattron(win,at) wattr_on(win, (attr_t) at, (void *)0)
#define wattroff(win,at) wattr_off(win, (attr_t) at, (void *)0)
#define wattrset(win,at) ((win)->_attrs = (at))
#define scroll(win) wscrl(win,1)
#define touchwin(win) wtouchln((win), 0, getmaxy(win), 1)
#define touchline(win, s, c) wtouchln((win), s, c, 1)
#define untouchwin(win) wtouchln((win), 0, getmaxy(win), 0)
#define box(win, v, h) wborder(win, v, v, h, h, 0, 0, 0, 0)
#define border(ls, rs, ts, bs, tl, tr, bl, br) wborder(stdscr, ls, rs, ts, bs, tl, tr, bl, br)
#define hline(ch, n) whline(stdscr, ch, n)
#define vline(ch, n) wvline(stdscr, ch, n)
#define winstr(w, s) winnstr(w, s, -1)
#define winchstr(w, s) winchnstr(w, s, -1)
#define winsstr(w, s) winsnstr(w, s, -1)
#define redrawwin(win) wredrawln(win, 0, (win)->_maxy+1)
#define waddstr(win,str) waddnstr(win,str,-1)
#define waddchstr(win,str) waddchnstr(win,str,-1)
/*
* pseudo functions for standard screen
*/
#define addch(ch) waddch(stdscr,ch)
#define addchnstr(str,n) waddchnstr(stdscr,str,n)
#define addchstr(str) waddchstr(stdscr,str)
#define addnstr(str,n) waddnstr(stdscr,str,n)
#define addstr(str) waddnstr(stdscr,str,-1)
#define attroff(at) wattroff(stdscr,at)
#define attron(at) wattron(stdscr,at)
#define attrset(at) wattrset(stdscr,at)
#define attr_get(ap,cp,o) wattr_get(stdscr,ap,cp,o)
#define attr_off(a,o) wattr_off(stdscr,a,o)
#define attr_on(a,o) wattr_on(stdscr,a,o)
#define attr_set(a,c,o) wattr_set(stdscr,a,c,o)
#define bkgd(ch) wbkgd(stdscr,ch)
#define bkgdset(ch) wbkgdset(stdscr,ch)
#define chgat(n,a,c,o) wchgat(stdscr,n,a,c,o)
#define clear() wclear(stdscr)
#define clrtobot() wclrtobot(stdscr)
#define clrtoeol() wclrtoeol(stdscr)
#define color_set(c,o) wcolor_set(stdscr,c,o)
#define delch() wdelch(stdscr)
#define deleteln() winsdelln(stdscr,-1)
#define echochar(c) wechochar(stdscr,c)
#define erase() werase(stdscr)
#define getch() wgetch(stdscr)
#define getstr(str) wgetstr(stdscr,str)
#define inch() winch(stdscr)
#define inchnstr(s,n) winchnstr(stdscr,s,n)
#define inchstr(s) winchstr(stdscr,s)
#define innstr(s,n) winnstr(stdscr,s,n)
#define insch(c) winsch(stdscr,c)
#define insdelln(n) winsdelln(stdscr,n)
#define insertln() winsdelln(stdscr,1)
#define insnstr(s,n) winsnstr(stdscr,s,n)
#define insstr(s) winsstr(stdscr,s)
#define instr(s) winstr(stdscr,s)
#define move(y,x) wmove(stdscr,y,x)
#define refresh() wrefresh(stdscr)
#define scrl(n) wscrl(stdscr,n)
#define setscrreg(t,b) wsetscrreg(stdscr,t,b)
#define standend() wstandend(stdscr)
#define standout() wstandout(stdscr)
#define timeout(delay) wtimeout(stdscr,delay)
#define wdeleteln(win) winsdelln(win,-1)
#define winsertln(win) winsdelln(win,1)
/*
* mv functions
*/
#define mvwaddch(win,y,x,ch) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : waddch(win,ch))
#define mvwaddchnstr(win,y,x,str,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : waddchnstr(win,str,n))
#define mvwaddchstr(win,y,x,str) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : waddchnstr(win,str,-1))
#define mvwaddnstr(win,y,x,str,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : waddnstr(win,str,n))
#define mvwaddstr(win,y,x,str) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : waddnstr(win,str,-1))
#define mvwdelch(win,y,x) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : wdelch(win))
#define mvwchgat(win,y,x,n,a,c,o) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : wchgat(win,n,a,c,o))
#define mvwgetch(win,y,x) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : wgetch(win))
#define mvwgetnstr(win,y,x,str,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : wgetnstr(win,str,n))
#define mvwgetstr(win,y,x,str) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : wgetstr(win,str))
#define mvwhline(win,y,x,c,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : whline(win,c,n))
#define mvwinch(win,y,x) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? (chtype)ERR : winch(win))
#define mvwinchnstr(win,y,x,s,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winchnstr(win,s,n))
#define mvwinchstr(win,y,x,s) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winchstr(win,s))
#define mvwinnstr(win,y,x,s,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winnstr(win,s,n))
#define mvwinsch(win,y,x,c) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winsch(win,c))
#define mvwinsnstr(win,y,x,s,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winsnstr(win,s,n))
#define mvwinsstr(win,y,x,s) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winsstr(win,s))
#define mvwinstr(win,y,x,s) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : winstr(win,s))
#define mvwvline(win,y,x,c,n) (wmove(win,y,x) == ERR ? ERR : wvline(win,c,n))
#define mvaddch(y,x,ch) mvwaddch(stdscr,y,x,ch)
#define mvaddchnstr(y,x,str,n) mvwaddchnstr(stdscr,y,x,str,n)
#define mvaddchstr(y,x,str) mvwaddchstr(stdscr,y,x,str)
#define mvaddnstr(y,x,str,n) mvwaddnstr(stdscr,y,x,str,n)
#define mvaddstr(y,x,str) mvwaddstr(stdscr,y,x,str)
#define mvchgat(y,x,n,a,c,o) mvwchgat(stdscr,y,x,n,a,c,o)
#define mvdelch(y,x) mvwdelch(stdscr,y,x)
#define mvgetch(y,x) mvwgetch(stdscr,y,x)
#define mvgetnstr(y,x,str,n) mvwgetnstr(stdscr,y,x,str,n)
#define mvgetstr(y,x,str) mvwgetstr(stdscr,y,x,str)
#define mvhline(y,x,c,n) mvwhline(stdscr,y,x,c,n)
#define mvinch(y,x) mvwinch(stdscr,y,x)
#define mvinchnstr(y,x,s,n) mvwinchnstr(stdscr,y,x,s,n)
#define mvinchstr(y,x,s) mvwinchstr(stdscr,y,x,s)
#define mvinnstr(y,x,s,n) mvwinnstr(stdscr,y,x,s,n)
#define mvinsch(y,x,c) mvwinsch(stdscr,y,x,c)
#define mvinsnstr(y,x,s,n) mvwinsnstr(stdscr,y,x,s,n)
#define mvinsstr(y,x,s) mvwinsstr(stdscr,y,x,s)
#define mvinstr(y,x,s) mvwinstr(stdscr,y,x,s)
#define mvvline(y,x,c,n) mvwvline(stdscr,y,x,c,n)
/*
* Some wide-character functions do not depend on the extensions.
*/
#define getbkgd(win) ((win)->_bkgd)
#define slk_attr_off(a,v) ((v) ? ERR : slk_attroff(a))
#define slk_attr_on(a,v) ((v) ? ERR : slk_attron(a))
#define wattr_get(win,a,p,opts) ((void)((a) != 0 && (*(a) = (win)->_attrs)), \
(void)((p) != 0 && (*(p) = PAIR_NUMBER((win)->_attrs))), \
OK)
/*
* XSI curses deprecates SVr4 vwprintw/vwscanw, which are supposed to use
* varargs.h. It adds new calls vw_printw/vw_scanw, which are supposed to
* use POSIX stdarg.h. The ncurses versions of vwprintw/vwscanw already
* use stdarg.h, so...
*/
#define vw_printw vwprintw
#define vw_scanw vwscanw
/*
* Export fallback function for use in C++ binding.
*/
#if !1
#define vsscanf(a,b,c) _nc_vsscanf(a,b,c)
NCURSES_EXPORT(int) vsscanf(const char *, const char *, va_list);
#endif
/*
* Pseudo-character tokens outside ASCII range. The curses wgetch() function
* will return any given one of these only if the corresponding k- capability
* is defined in your terminal's terminfo entry.
*
* Some keys (KEY_A1, etc) are arranged like this:
* a1 up a3
* left b2 right
* c1 down c3
*
* A few key codes do not depend upon the terminfo entry.
*/
#define KEY_CODE_YES 0400 /* A wchar_t contains a key code */
#define KEY_MIN 0401 /* Minimum curses key */
#define KEY_BREAK 0401 /* Break key (unreliable) */
#define KEY_SRESET 0530 /* Soft (partial) reset (unreliable) */
#define KEY_RESET 0531 /* Reset or hard reset (unreliable) */
/*
* These definitions were generated by ./MKkey_defs.sh ./Caps
*/
#define KEY_DOWN 0402 /* down-arrow key */
#define KEY_UP 0403 /* up-arrow key */
#define KEY_LEFT 0404 /* left-arrow key */
#define KEY_RIGHT 0405 /* right-arrow key */
#define KEY_HOME 0406 /* home key */
#define KEY_BACKSPACE 0407 /* backspace key */
#define KEY_F0 0410 /* Function keys. Space for 64 */
#define KEY_F(n) (KEY_F0+(n)) /* value of function key n */
#define KEY_DL 0510 /* delete-line key */
#define KEY_IL 0511 /* insert-line key */
#define KEY_DC 0512 /* delete-character key */
#define KEY_IC 0513 /* insert-character key */
#define KEY_EIC 0514 /* sent by rmir or smir in insert mode */
#define KEY_CLEAR 0515 /* clear-screen or erase key */
#define KEY_EOS 0516 /* clear-to-end-of-screen key */
#define KEY_EOL 0517 /* clear-to-end-of-line key */
#define KEY_SF 0520 /* scroll-forward key */
#define KEY_SR 0521 /* scroll-backward key */
#define KEY_NPAGE 0522 /* next-page key */
#define KEY_PPAGE 0523 /* previous-page key */
#define KEY_STAB 0524 /* set-tab key */
#define KEY_CTAB 0525 /* clear-tab key */
#define KEY_CATAB 0526 /* clear-all-tabs key */
#define KEY_ENTER 0527 /* enter/send key */
#define KEY_PRINT 0532 /* print key */
#define KEY_LL 0533 /* lower-left key (home down) */
#define KEY_A1 0534 /* upper left of keypad */
#define KEY_A3 0535 /* upper right of keypad */
#define KEY_B2 0536 /* center of keypad */
#define KEY_C1 0537 /* lower left of keypad */
#define KEY_C3 0540 /* lower right of keypad */
#define KEY_BTAB 0541 /* back-tab key */
#define KEY_BEG 0542 /* begin key */
#define KEY_CANCEL 0543 /* cancel key */
#define KEY_CLOSE 0544 /* close key */
#define KEY_COMMAND 0545 /* command key */
#define KEY_COPY 0546 /* copy key */
#define KEY_CREATE 0547 /* create key */
#define KEY_END 0550 /* end key */
#define KEY_EXIT 0551 /* exit key */
#define KEY_FIND 0552 /* find key */
#define KEY_HELP 0553 /* help key */
#define KEY_MARK 0554 /* mark key */
#define KEY_MESSAGE 0555 /* message key */
#define KEY_MOVE 0556 /* move key */
#define KEY_NEXT 0557 /* next key */
#define KEY_OPEN 0560 /* open key */
#define KEY_OPTIONS 0561 /* options key */
#define KEY_PREVIOUS 0562 /* previous key */
#define KEY_REDO 0563 /* redo key */
#define KEY_REFERENCE 0564 /* reference key */
#define KEY_REFRESH 0565 /* refresh key */
#define KEY_REPLACE 0566 /* replace key */
#define KEY_RESTART 0567 /* restart key */
#define KEY_RESUME 0570 /* resume key */
#define KEY_SAVE 0571 /* save key */
#define KEY_SBEG 0572 /* shifted begin key */
#define KEY_SCANCEL 0573 /* shifted cancel key */
#define KEY_SCOMMAND 0574 /* shifted command key */
#define KEY_SCOPY 0575 /* shifted copy key */
#define KEY_SCREATE 0576 /* shifted create key */
#define KEY_SDC 0577 /* shifted delete-character key */
#define KEY_SDL 0600 /* shifted delete-line key */
#define KEY_SELECT 0601 /* select key */
#define KEY_SEND 0602 /* shifted end key */
#define KEY_SEOL 0603 /* shifted clear-to-end-of-line key */
#define KEY_SEXIT 0604 /* shifted exit key */
#define KEY_SFIND 0605 /* shifted find key */
#define KEY_SHELP 0606 /* shifted help key */
#define KEY_SHOME 0607 /* shifted home key */
#define KEY_SIC 0610 /* shifted insert-character key */
#define KEY_SLEFT 0611 /* shifted left-arrow key */
#define KEY_SMESSAGE 0612 /* shifted message key */
#define KEY_SMOVE 0613 /* shifted move key */
#define KEY_SNEXT 0614 /* shifted next key */
#define KEY_SOPTIONS 0615 /* shifted options key */
#define KEY_SPREVIOUS 0616 /* shifted previous key */
#define KEY_SPRINT 0617 /* shifted print key */
#define KEY_SREDO 0620 /* shifted redo key */
#define KEY_SREPLACE 0621 /* shifted replace key */
#define KEY_SRIGHT 0622 /* shifted right-arrow key */
#define KEY_SRSUME 0623 /* shifted resume key */
#define KEY_SSAVE 0624 /* shifted save key */
#define KEY_SSUSPEND 0625 /* shifted suspend key */
#define KEY_SUNDO 0626 /* shifted undo key */
#define KEY_SUSPEND 0627 /* suspend key */
#define KEY_UNDO 0630 /* undo key */
#define KEY_MOUSE 0631 /* Mouse event has occurred */
#define KEY_RESIZE 0632 /* Terminal resize event */
#define KEY_EVENT 0633 /* We were interrupted by an event */
#define KEY_MAX 0777 /* Maximum key value is 0633 */
/* $Id: curses.tail,v 1.8 2002/11/02 20:26:26 tom Exp $ */
/* mouse interface */
#define NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION 1
/* event masks */
#define BUTTON1_RELEASED 000000000001L
#define BUTTON1_PRESSED 000000000002L
#define BUTTON1_CLICKED 000000000004L
#define BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED 000000000010L
#define BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED 000000000020L
#define BUTTON1_RESERVED_EVENT 000000000040L
#define BUTTON2_RELEASED 000000000100L
#define BUTTON2_PRESSED 000000000200L
#define BUTTON2_CLICKED 000000000400L
#define BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED 000000001000L
#define BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED 000000002000L
#define BUTTON2_RESERVED_EVENT 000000004000L
#define BUTTON3_RELEASED 000000010000L
#define BUTTON3_PRESSED 000000020000L
#define BUTTON3_CLICKED 000000040000L
#define BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED 000000100000L
#define BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED 000000200000L
#define BUTTON3_RESERVED_EVENT 000000400000L
#define BUTTON4_RELEASED 000001000000L
#define BUTTON4_PRESSED 000002000000L
#define BUTTON4_CLICKED 000004000000L
#define BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED 000010000000L
#define BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED 000020000000L
#define BUTTON4_RESERVED_EVENT 000040000000L
#define BUTTON_CTRL 000100000000L
#define BUTTON_SHIFT 000200000000L
#define BUTTON_ALT 000400000000L
#define ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS 000777777777L
#define REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION 001000000000L
/* macros to extract single event-bits from masks */
#define BUTTON_RELEASE(e, x) ((e) & (001 << (6 * ((x) - 1))))
#define BUTTON_PRESS(e, x) ((e) & (002 << (6 * ((x) - 1))))
#define BUTTON_CLICK(e, x) ((e) & (004 << (6 * ((x) - 1))))
#define BUTTON_DOUBLE_CLICK(e, x) ((e) & (010 << (6 * ((x) - 1))))
#define BUTTON_TRIPLE_CLICK(e, x) ((e) & (020 << (6 * ((x) - 1))))
#define BUTTON_RESERVED_EVENT(e, x) ((e) & (040 << (6 * ((x) - 1))))
typedef unsigned long mmask_t;
typedef struct
{
short id; /* ID to distinguish multiple devices */
int x, y, z; /* event coordinates (character-cell) */
mmask_t bstate; /* button state bits */
}
MEVENT;
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) getmouse (MEVENT *);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) ungetmouse (MEVENT *);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(mmask_t) mousemask (mmask_t, mmask_t *);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) wenclose (const WINDOW *, int, int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mouseinterval (int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) wmouse_trafo (const WINDOW* win,int* y, int* x, bool to_screen);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(bool) mouse_trafo (int*, int*, bool); /* generated */
#define mouse_trafo(y,x,to_screen) wmouse_trafo(stdscr,y,x,to_screen)
/* other non-XSI functions */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) mcprint (char *, int); /* direct data to printer */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(int) has_key (int); /* do we have given key? */
/* Debugging : use with libncurses_g.a */
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) _tracef (const char *, ...) GCC_PRINTFLIKE(1,2);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) _tracedump (const char *, WINDOW *);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _traceattr (attr_t);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _traceattr2 (int, chtype);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _nc_tracebits (void);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _tracechar (int);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _tracechtype (chtype);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _tracechtype2 (int, chtype);
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#define _tracech_t _tracecchar_t
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _tracecchar_t (const cchar_t *);
#define _tracech_t2 _tracecchar_t2
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _tracecchar_t2 (int, const cchar_t *);
#else
#define _tracech_t _tracechtype
#define _tracech_t2 _tracechtype2
#endif
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(char *) _tracemouse (const MEVENT *);
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(void) trace (const unsigned int);
/* trace masks */
#define TRACE_DISABLE 0x0000 /* turn off tracing */
#define TRACE_TIMES 0x0001 /* trace user and system times of updates */
#define TRACE_TPUTS 0x0002 /* trace tputs calls */
#define TRACE_UPDATE 0x0004 /* trace update actions, old & new screens */
#define TRACE_MOVE 0x0008 /* trace cursor moves and scrolls */
#define TRACE_CHARPUT 0x0010 /* trace all character outputs */
#define TRACE_ORDINARY 0x001F /* trace all update actions */
#define TRACE_CALLS 0x0020 /* trace all curses calls */
#define TRACE_VIRTPUT 0x0040 /* trace virtual character puts */
#define TRACE_IEVENT 0x0080 /* trace low-level input processing */
#define TRACE_BITS 0x0100 /* trace state of TTY control bits */
#define TRACE_ICALLS 0x0200 /* trace internal/nested calls */
#define TRACE_CCALLS 0x0400 /* trace per-character calls */
#define TRACE_DATABASE 0x0800 /* trace read/write of terminfo/termcap data */
#define TRACE_ATTRS 0x1000 /* trace attribute updates */
#define TRACE_SHIFT 13 /* number of bits in the trace masks */
#define TRACE_MAXIMUM ((1 << TRACE_SHIFT) - 1) /* maximum trace level */
#if defined(TRACE) || defined(NCURSES_TEST)
#if defined(TRACE) || defined(NCURSES_TEST)
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) _nc_optimize_enable; /* enable optimizations */
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(const char *) _nc_viswbuf(const wchar_t *);
#endif
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(const char *) _nc_visbuf (const char *);
#define OPTIMIZE_MVCUR 0x01 /* cursor movement optimization */
#define OPTIMIZE_HASHMAP 0x02 /* diff hashing to detect scrolls */
#define OPTIMIZE_SCROLL 0x04 /* scroll optimization */
#define OPTIMIZE_ALL 0xff /* enable all optimizations (dflt) */
#define TRACE_MOVE 0x0008 /* trace cursor moves and scrolls */
#define TRACE_CHARPUT 0x0010 /* trace all character outputs */
#define TRACE_ORDINARY 0x001F /* trace all update actions */
#define TRACE_CALLS 0x0020 /* trace all curses calls */
#define TRACE_VIRTPUT 0x0040 /* trace virtual character puts */
#define TRACE_IEVENT 0x0080 /* trace low-level input processing */
#define TRACE_BITS 0x0100 /* trace state of TTY control bits */
#define TRACE_ICALLS 0x0200 /* trace internal/nested calls */
#define TRACE_CCALLS 0x0400 /* trace per-character calls */
#define TRACE_DATABASE 0x0800 /* trace read/write of terminfo/termcap data */
#define TRACE_ATTRS 0x1000 /* trace attribute updates */
#define TRACE_SHIFT 13 /* number of bits in the trace masks */
#define TRACE_MAXIMUM ((1 << TRACE_SHIFT) - 1) /* maximum trace level */
#if defined(TRACE) || defined(NCURSES_TEST)
extern NCURSES_EXPORT_VAR(int) _nc_optimize_enable; /* enable optimizations */
#ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(const char *) _nc_viswbuf(const wchar_t *);
#endif
extern NCURSES_EXPORT(const char *) _nc_visbuf (const char *);
#define OPTIMIZE_MVCUR 0x01 /* cursor movement optimization */
#define OPTIMIZE_HASHMAP 0x02 /* diff hashing to detect scrolls */
#define OPTIMIZE_SCROLL 0x04 /* scroll optimization */
#define OPTIMIZE_ALL 0xff /* enable all optimizations (dflt) */
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
/* these names conflict with STL */
#undef box
#undef clear
#undef erase
#undef move
#undef refresh
}
#endif
#endif /* __NCURSES_H */
看完了ncurses.h头文件里面的函数应该知道这个文件里面的函数能满足大家很多要求了，比如写一个界面，画个图什么的，甚至于写一个编辑器！用curses库有个特点，就是要初始化一个窗口用函数initscr();后面要用函数endwin来说明窗口结束！
那么下面就看一看学习的笔记！
我们现在知道了：在程序中调用initscr()函数，会让屏幕初始化并进入CURSES模式。还有一些其它的函数可以根据我们自己的方案初始化CURSES。不同的初始化函数可以让屏幕进入不同的显示模式。比如：终端模式（terminal mode）、彩色模式（color mode）、鼠标模式（mouse mode）等等……
通常情况下，用户输入的字符将被终端程序送入终端的缓冲区。但当用户输入换行符时，终端程序将会中断，同时输出当前的缓冲区内容并启用新行的输出缓冲。但是大多数程序需要当用户输入单个字符时，却希望这些字符能够立即显示在屏幕上。这两个函数就是用来禁用行缓冲（line buffering）。这两个函数所初始化的的模式同样可以用来给程序传送控制字符，比如：挂起（CTRL-Z）、中断或退出（CTRL-C）。区别在于，在raw()函数模式下，这些字符将传送给程序去处理而不作为终端程序处理的信号。在cbreak()模式下，这些控制字符将被认为是终端驱动程序中的控制字符，因而将这些字符传送给终端程序。我比较喜欢使用raw()，那样可以进行更多的控制操作。
这两个函数控制用户输入的键盘回显。就是在运行程序的时候是否将输入的字符出现在屏幕上。比如你的程序在运行时你需要使用控制字符，但是你不想让控制字符出现在屏幕上，就可以使用这两个函数。也就是说当用户调用getch()函数向程序输入数据时，你不想让他输入的字符出现在屏幕上。noecho()函数就可以不让控制字符（比如CTRL-C）出现在屏幕上。大多数的交互式程序要进入控制模式的时候，一般都使用echo()、noecho()函数初始化、关闭键盘回显。这样给了程序员更大的灵活性。
这个函数允许使用功能键：F1、F2、方向键等等……几乎所有的交互式程序都使用这个函数。令用户使用方向键控制整个用户界面。使用keypad(stdscr,TURE)就可以在“标准显示设备”（stdscr）上使用这些功能。在以后的章节中将详细讨论如何使用功能键。
这个函数虽然不经常使用。但有时却非常有用。halfdelay()函数会启用半延时模式（half-delay mode）。和cbreak()函数一样，当程序需要当用户输入这些字符时，它们能够立即显示在屏幕上。但是它要停滞一段限定时间（以0.1秒为单位）等待输入，如果没有有效的输入，返回ERR。给halfdelay()传递一个整型参数（以0.1秒为单位）。它就会按照参数中的时间等待用户输入。一般来说，这个函数在需要等待的输入的程序中可以被用到，如果用户没有及时做出响应，程序就可以去处理其它的事情了。最常见到的应用例子是在输入密码的出超时响应。
上面的提到的这些函数可以定制CURSES在初始化后的行为。这些函数不能被广泛使用在程序的各个部分。所以，这些函数的调用要处在整个CURSES会话的开始部分。
一个例子
让我们写一个程序用来说明这些函数的用法。
代码:
例2. 初始化函数用法的示例：
#include
int main()
{ int ch;
initscr(); /* 开始curses模式 */
raw(); /* 禁止行缓冲 */
keypad(stdscr, TRUE); /* 开启功能键响应模式 */
noecho(); /* 当执行getch()函数的时候关闭键盘回显 */
printw("Type any character to see it in bold\n");
ch = getch(); /* 如果没有调用raw()函数，必须先按下enter键才可以执行下面的程序 */
if(ch == KEY_F(1)) /* 如果没有调用keypad（）初始化，将不会执行这条语句 */
printw("F1 Key pressed"); /* 如果没有使用 noecho() 函数，一些难看的控制字符将会被打印到屏幕上 */
else { printw("The pressed key is ");
attron(A_BOLD);
printw("%c", ch);
attroff(A_BOLD);
}
refresh(); /* 将缓冲区的内容打印到的显示器上 */
getch(); /* 等待用户输入 */
endwin(); /* 结束curses模式 */
return 0;
}
这个程序很简单，不需要太多的说明。但还是有一些前面没有提到的函数。getch()函数用来取得用户输入的信息。它和通常的getchar()函数相似。但是getch（）可以让我们在禁用行缓冲时避免在输入完成后还要按enter键麻烦。在后面的章节中我们也将讨论到这些输入函数。attron()和attroff()函数作为切换开关用来开启和关闭给字符增加一些修饰效果。在这个例子中，它们使显示的字符字体加粗。在后面的部分中我们也将讨论到这些函数。
代码好像有点问题议
gcc编译
提示TURE那一行有错误,没定义什么的,
后来我把TURE改成了1
编译成功
代码:
the code is
#include
int main(void)
{int c;
initscr();
keypad(stdscr,1);
noecho();
raw();
printw("jasdjsalfkjlsdjkflsdkjfljkasdkjlf\n");
getch();
if(getch()==KEY_F(1))
printw("f1 jaslkdjlasd");
else
{
printw("The pressed key is ");
attron(A_BOLD);
printw("%c", getch());
attroff(A_BOLD);
}
refresh();
getch();
endwin();
return 0;
}
（A Word about Windows）
在我们进入数以万计的CURSES函数以前，让我们先了解一下窗口（windows）的知识。关于窗口机制的详细信息我们会在以后的章节中详细介绍。这一章只是一些基础的知识，为了给讲解输入输出函数作铺垫。当然，在现在就树立一个窗口的概念是很有好处的。
窗口实质上是由CURSES系统定义的一个假想的屏幕。这种窗口并不像Windows平台上的窗口，这些窗口没有边框。当CURSES初始化的时候，它会默认创建一个叫做stdscr的窗口。这个窗口的大小一般是80列，25行的屏幕（根据显示器或者显卡的不同，可能会出现不同的大小）如果你运行简单的任务，比如打印几个字符串、输入一些数据等等……这样的单窗口完全可以满足你的需要。当然，你也可以通过窗口系统的函数创建你自己的窗口。
举个例子，如果你调用以下函数：
代码:
printw(“Hi! There!”);
refresh();
它会在stdscr上的当前光标位置输出“Hi! There!”。同样，调用refresh()函数，它只更新stdscr上的缓冲区。
例如，你已经建立了一个叫做win的窗口。你要在这个窗口上输出以上的内容。只需要在普通的函数前添加w前缀就可以了。同时，函数中的参数也要相应的变化（要指明你所要显示信息的窗口）：
代码:
wprintw(win, "Hi There !!!");
wrefresh(win);
你将在这份文档的其余部分看到，这些函数有相同的命名规则。
代码:
printw(string); /* 在stdscr的当前光标位置打印字符串string */
mvprintw(y, x, string); /* 将字符串string打印在坐标(y,x)处 */
wprintw(win, string); /* 在窗口win的当前光标位置打印字符串string */ mvwprintw(win, y, x, string); /* 移动到窗口win的(y,x)然后打印字符串string */
后来编译遇到如下错误，查看这里的学习资料，仔细看就明白了！
代码:
[ljjk@localhost ljjk]$ gcc -l curses -o 12321 12321.c
12321.c: In function `main':
12321.c:6: `win' undeclared (first use in this function)
12321.c:6: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
12321.c:6: for each function it appears in.)
后来问题得到了解决
代码:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
initscr();
wprintw(win,"hello");
wrefresh(win);
endwin();
}
this is the code
我们已经通过一些例子看到了修饰（Attributes）输出文字的效果。给某些文字加上修饰会使文字更加醒目和美观。在某些程度上也会增加输出信息的可读性。下面这个程序将会把一个C语言的源程序文件的注释部分用使用粗体（BOLD）输出。
代码:
例：一个简单的文字修饰的例子：
#include
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ch, prev;
FILE *fp;
int goto_prev = FALSE, y, x;
if(argc != 2)
{
printf("Usage: %s \n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
fp = fopen(argv[1], "r"); /* 在这里检测文件是否成功打开 */
if(fp == NULL)
{
perror("Cannot open input file");
exit(1);
}
initscr(); /* 初始化并进入CURSES模式 */
prev = EOF;
while((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF)
{
if(prev == '/' && ch == '*') /* 当读到字符“/”和“*”的时候调用开启修饰函数 */
{
attron(A_BOLD); /* 将“/”和“*”及以后输出的文字字体加粗 */
goto_prev = TRUE;
}
if(goto_prev == TRUE) /* 回到“/”和“*”之前开始输出 */
{
getyx(stdscr, y, x);
move(y, x - 1);
printw("%c%c", '/', ch); /* 实际打印内容的部分 */
ch = 'a'; /* 避免下次读取变量错误，这里赋一个任意值*/
goto_prev = FALSE; /* 让这段程序只运行一次 */
}
else
printw("%c", ch);
refresh(); /* 将缓冲区的内容刷新到屏幕上 */
if(prev == '*' && ch == '/')
attroff(A_BOLD); /* 当读到字符“*”和“/”的时候调用修饰关闭函数*/
prev = ch;
}
getch();
endwin(); /* 结束并退出Curses模式 */
return 0;
}
不用去理睬那些初始化部分和其它没用的部分。把注意集中在上面的这个while循环体中。这个循环读取文件中每个字符并寻找有“/*”（注释起始处标志）的地方。一旦找到，就会调用attron()函数开始为输出文字加粗加亮。当找到“*/”（注释结束处标志）的地方，就会使用attroff()函数关闭修饰效果。
这个程序介绍了两个十分有用的函数：getyx()和move()。getyx()函数其实是一个定义在ncurses.h中的宏，它会给出当前光标的位置。由于getyx()不是一个通常所指的函数，因此我们不能向它传递指针，只可以传递一对整型变量（前文提到过）。函数move()将光标移动到指定位置。（译者注：在这里再次强调：所有这些函数中使用行列坐标的时候是先行列后列。就是先写y坐标，再写x坐标。）很多初学者因为数学上的使用习惯而使用了先行后列的方式。（在这里一定要注意！）
这个程序执行的任务非常简单，无需作过多的说明。这个程序对于分析C程序十分有帮助。你也可以试着将输出文字的颜色改变为其它颜色。也可以将这个程序扩展为分析其它语言程序的工具。
让我们来更多的了解一下输出修饰。attron()函数、attroff()函数和attrset()函数以及他们的姊妹函数（sister functions）比如attr_get()等等……可以用这些函数创造出生动有趣的显示效果。
attron()函数和attroff()函数分别用来开启（on）或关闭（off）输出修饰。以下这些修饰属性已经定义在头文件CURSES.h中。可以在函数中使用：
A_NORMAL 普通字符输出 (不加亮显示)
A_STANDOUT 终端字符最亮
A_UNDERLINE 下划线
A_REVERSE 字符反白显示
A_BLINK 闪动显示
A_DIM 半亮显示
A_BOLD 加亮加粗
A_PROTECT 保护模式
A_INVIS 空白显示模式
A_ALTCHARSET 字符交?
A_CHARTEXT 字符掩盖
COLOR_PAIR(n) 前景、背景色设置
（注：经过译者试验（见试验程序lst01.c），上述修饰中只有A_NORMAL、A_BLINK、A_DIM、A_INVIS、A_BOLD、A_STANDOUT和A_REVERSE有效。且A_STANDOUT和A_REVERSE具有相同的输出结果。也许是笔者的试验环境问题，也许是笔者的这个测试程序还不完备。还请读者能够在自己所使用的系统上测试，欢迎把测试结果给我。如果你有更好的测试程序，我更加希望你能通过E-mail寄给我。）
最后一个修饰是最吸引人的，它可以设置输出的字符及背景的颜色。颜色的设置将在后面章节详细介绍。
我们可以给一段输出同时设定多种修饰。这样可以得到多种结合的效果。如果你想反白显示字符并同时让字符闪烁。只需要在两种修饰属性间加一个“|”字符就可以了：
attron(A_REVERSE | A_BLINK);
现在我们该讨论讨论attron()函数和attrset()函数之间的区别了。attrset()为整个窗口设置一种修饰属性。而attron()函数只从被调用的地方开始设置。所以attrset()会覆盖掉你先前为整个窗口设置的任何修饰属性。就像在窗口的开始处开启修饰，在窗口结尾处关闭修饰属性一样。这两种方法为我们管理输出修饰属性提供了更简单、更富有弹性的方法。但是，如果你粗心的话，可能会让整个屏幕变得十分杂乱无章，函数之间的调用会难以管理。这种情况，尤其在某些利用到菜单的程序中出现的十分普遍。所以，事先做好设计，然后按照设计去实施会效果会好得多。你可以经常使用standend()函数关闭所有设置的修饰。这个函数的作用和attrset(A_NORMAL)函数是相同的。
attr_get()函数用来取得当前窗口的修饰属性设置以及背景、文字颜色。虽然这个函数不像上面的那些函数常用。但它却对检测屏幕区域的修饰属性设置很有用。当我们在屏幕输出一些混合的复杂修饰效果时，这个函数可以告诉我们每一个字符关联的修饰。这个函数必须在设置了attrset()或者attron()函数之后使用。
这些函数都有attr_的前缀，比如：attr_set()、attr_on()等等……它们的作用和上面的函数一样，只不过要在调用时添加一定的参数。
这些函数的作用范围是某一个指定的窗口。而上面的函数只作用在默认的stdscr上。
chgar()函数被列在curs_attr的man_page 的最末尾。事实上它是一个很有用的函数。它可以在不移动光标位置的情况下修改已输出的字符的修饰效果。它从光标当前位置处开始，以一个整型参数作为修改字符的个数。给这些字符设置某一种修饰属性。
当我们整型参数赋值为-1时，它代表一行修饰。如果你想从当前光标位置使整个一行的输出修饰变为反白显示时，可以这样使用：
chgat(-1, A_REVERSE, 0, NULL);
这个函数经常被用来修改已输出的字符的修饰。当然，你也可以根据自己的需要选择要修改的起始点和终止点。
这一类的函数还包括wchgat(), mvchgat()。它们的使用方法和差不多chgat()，只不过wchgat()要指定一个窗口。mvchgat()将光标先移动到指定位置，然后才执行剩下的修饰部分。同样的，chgat()是一个宏，只不过用stdscr替代了指定的窗口。大部分不带w前缀的函数都是以stdscr作为默认窗口的宏。
代码:
例：mvchgat()用法示例：
#include
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
initscr(); /* 进入 curses 模式 */
start_color(); /* 开启颜色管理功能 */
init_pair(1, COLOR_CYAN, COLOR_BLACK);
printw("A Big string which i didn't care to type fully ");
mvchgat(0, 0, -1, A_BLINK, 1, NULL);
/*
*第一、二个参数表明了函数开始的位置
*第三个参数是被改变修饰的字符的数目，-1表示一整行
*第四个参数是被改变的修饰名
*第五个参数是颜色索引。颜色索引已经在init_pair()中被初试化了
*如果用０表示不使用颜色。
*最后一个总是NULL，没什么特别的意义。
*/
refresh();
getch();
endwin(); /* 结束curses模式 */
return 0;
}
代码:
ncurses学习笔记
现在会用curses里的光标定位和键盘事件了,
代码实例如下
#include
int main(void)
{
int x,y;
initscr();
keypad(stdscr,1);
refresh();
x=9,y=6;
mvprintw(y,x,"hdkajsdkjaskdahskdjas");
while(getch() != KEY_LEFT)
{
if(getch()==KEY_DOWN)
{
mvprintw(1,1,"hafkjsdhkfhsdjfsd");
}
if(getch()==KEY_RIGHT)
{
mvprintw(9,9,"nilaopo ge jiba");
}
if(getch()==KEY_UP)
{
mvprintw(y-1,x,"nihao a ,wo jiao liuqi hen kaixin ");
}
}
endwin();
return 0;
}
~
~
学习笔记---光标定位的实现
学习linux下的编程真是比win下的还有意思,写了一小段码码!当给大家学习用的了
代码:
#include
int main(void)
{
int x,y,a,b;
initscr();
keypad(stdscr,2);
refresh();
getmaxyx(stdscr,a,b);
x=0,y=0;
mvprintw(y,x,"%d",a);
while(getch() != KEY_LEFT)
{
/* y++;
if(x>a)
{
x++;
} */
switch (getch())
{
case KEY_DOWN:
y++;
move(y,x);
break;
case KEY_RIGHT:
x++;
move(y,x);
break;
case KEY_UP:
y--;
move(y,x);
break;
}
}
endwin();
return 0;
}
关于curses库的介绍暂时就先介绍这么多，以上的内容！
头文件在usr/include目录下可以找到
有些资料是参考某些教程的！
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