教你快速掌握DB2数据库创建外键时的选项

    来源：赛迪网    作者：刘明昭

创建外键时的选项：

1.创建测试表：

drop table student;

drop table class;

drop table student_class;

Create table student(student_id integer not null,student_name varchar(200), CONSTRAINT P_KEY_1 primary key (student_id)) in luzl_32k_tb index in luzl_32k_tb ;

Create table class(class_id integer not null,class_name varchar(200), CONSTRAINT P_KEY_2 primary key (class_id)) in luzl_32k_tb index in luzl_32k_tb ;

Create table student_class(student_class_id integer,student_id integer,class_id integer) in luzl_32k_tb index in luzl_32k_tb;

alter table student_class add constraint if_class foreign key(class_id) references class(class_id) ON DELETE cascade ON UPDATE RESTRICT;

alter table student_class add constraint if_student foreign key(student_id) references student(student_id) ON DELETE cascade ON UPDATE RESTRICT;

Insert into student(student_id,student_name) values(1,'luzl');

Insert into class(class_id,class_name) values(1,'db2');

Insert into student_class(student_class_id,student_id,class_id) values(1,1,1);

2.On Delete 的选项有

Restrict/no action/cascade/set null.其中cascade选项指定的话，如果删除父记录，依赖于他的子记录也会自动删除.相当于级联删除.如果指定no action和cascade都会报错，因为还有子记录所以无法删除该记录.set nul允许删除父记录并且l会将子表中与父表关联的字段设置为null.

3.On Update 只有两个选项 no action/restrict.它们在更新和删除时并没有区别:如果与子表关联不允许删除.

4.另外还需要注意一点，父表中的字段必须是主键，才能做为子表的外键。