其实我想每一个装ubuntu的人一开始可能并不想抛弃xp,更多是想双操引导,双系统启动。我是物理隔离下安装的xp和ubuntu,所以当我把两个硬盘都插上电脑的时候,双系统启动肯定是要设置了才可以。前两篇介绍的如何安装和加快更新速度。这篇其实更是急迫一些。下面详细介绍如何双系统启动。
我的xp是安装在sata的250GB硬盘上,ubuntu是安装在ide的80GB的硬盘上。两个系统都是在物理隔离(拔了另一个电源线)的情况下安装的。当然下面的方法对于在一个硬盘安装的双系统,也是可以用的。
首先,到ubuntu的/boot/grub复制menu.lst文件到u盘(如果你的u盘中毒了,可以看我的另一篇),如果你没有u盘可以上传到网络硬盘或者你的邮箱。
然后去下载一个名叫glrldr的文件,如果你找不到,或者觉得网络上的不可靠,可以找我要。我的这个至少我用的很好,可以引导双操启动。
然后进windows xp,把刚刚说的两个文件都拷贝到c盘的根目录下。然后显示所有隐藏文件和系统文件。找到一个叫boot.ini的文件,在这个文件上点右键,将只读取消,然后打开这个文件,在最后换行加入一句话C:\grldr=ubuntu 7.10
下面是我的boot.ini的内容(两个-------之间的内容,不包括------------) ---------------------------------- [boot loader] timeout=3 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect C:\grldr=ubuntu 7.10 ----------------------------
这样基本的事情做完了。但是有一个地方要改改才能顺利启动ubuntu。下面是我的menu.lst的原始文件的内容。
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# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8) # grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8), # grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub # and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
## default num # Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and # the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used. # # You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry # is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'. # WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your # array will desync and will not let you boot your system. default 0
## timeout sec # Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry # (normally the first entry defined). timeout 3
## hiddenmenu # Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu) hiddenmenu
# Pretty colours #color cyan/blue white/blue
## password ['--md5'] passwd # If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing # control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the # command 'lock' # e.g. password topsecret # password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/ # password topsecret
# # examples # # title Windows 95/98/NT/2000 # root (hd0,0) # makeactive # chainloader +1 # # title Linux # root (hd0,1) # kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro #
# # Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST
### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST ## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified ## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below
## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs
## ## Start Default Options ## ## default kernel options ## default kernel options for automagic boot options ## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z ## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted. ## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro ## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro ## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro # kopt=root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro
## Setup crashdump menu entries ## e.g. crashdump=1 # crashdump=0
## default grub root device ## e.g. groot=(hd0,0) # groot=(hd0,0)
## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options ## e.g. alternative=true ## alternative=false # alternative=true
## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options ## e.g. lockalternative=true ## lockalternative=false # lockalternative=false
## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the ## alternatives ## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5 # defoptions=quiet splash locale=zh_CN
## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options ## e.g. lockold=false ## lockold=true # lockold=false
## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option # xenhopt=
## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option # xenkopt=console=tty0
## altoption boot targets option ## multiple altoptions lines are allowed ## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options ## altoptions=(recovery) single # altoptions=(recovery mode) single
## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst ## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the ## alternative kernel options ## e.g. howmany=all ## howmany=7 # howmany=all
## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option ## e.g. memtest86=true ## memtest86=false # memtest86=true
## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system ## can be true or false # updatedefaultentry=false
## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options ## can be true or false # savedefault=false
## ## End Default Options ##
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro quiet splash locale=zh_CN initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic quiet
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode) root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro single initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
title Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+ root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin quiet
### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
----------------------------- 我没有删除注释部分。下面是我改后的(只贴了部分),已经用红色黑体并大了一号。原来是0的地方,我改成了1。下面讲一下为什么。这个hd(数字一,数字二),数字一是指第几块硬盘,数字二是指第几个分区。因为我的ubuntu安装在第二块硬盘第一个分区所以是1,0(这个数字是从0开始的),所以大家可以依葫芦画瓢。只有一块硬盘的第一个数字肯定是0,后面的分区数字大家可以试试,很容易就可以启动了。
itle Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic root (hd1,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro quiet splash locale=zh_CN initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic quiet
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode) root (hd1,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=b6038bb7-6d4a-4f78-a071-adbb6459113a ro single initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
title Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+ root (hd1,0) kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin quiet
通过上面的工作,在开机之后会在进入xp的有两个选项(大概就是下面的样子),选下一个进可以进ubuntu了。那个ubuntu 7.10是自己写的,可以在boot.ini里随便改成什么。
Microsoft Windows XP Professional ubuntu 7.10
下面再总结一下,首先要有两个文件glrldr(可以找我要)和menu.lst(自己的ubuntu文件,要改动内容)都放在c盘根目录。改动boot.ini,就可以启动了。其实非常容易就可以做到双系统引导了。 | |