2.56 patch修补文件

    patch命令用于修补文件。该命令读取如何更改文件的源文件指示信息，然后应用这些更改。源文件包含由diff命令产生的产别列表。差别列表是比较两个文件和构建关于如何纠正差别指示信息的结果。在默认情况下，patch命令使用从标准输入读入源文件。

    

    升级文件：

   如果要将文件testfile升级，补丁为testfile.patch，该文件为testfile升级前和修改后文件通过diff命令生成的补丁文件。使用patch为testfile打包的命令为：

ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile1
hello,this is the first file.
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile2
hello,this is the second file.
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ diff testfile1 testfile2
1c1
< hello,this is the first file.
---
> hello,this is the second file.
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ diff testfile1 testfile2 > testfile.patch
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile.patch
1c1
< hello,this is the first file.
---
> hello,this is the second file.
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ patch testfile1 < testfile.patch       使用补丁包升级testfile1文件
patching file testfile1
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile1
hello,this is the second file.
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$

我们可以使用两种方式来 打补丁

ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile3
hello,this is the first file.
linux
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ patch testfile3 < testfile.patch
patching file testfile3
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile3
hello,this is the second file.
linux
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile4
hello,this is the first file.
linux
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ patch -p0 testfile4 testfile.patch
patching file testfile4
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile4
hello,this is the second file.
linux
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$

如果要打补丁的文件和patch不符合，补丁将失败

ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ cat testfile5
hi,this is the first file.
linux
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$ patch -p0 testfile5 testfile.patch
patching file testfile5
Hunk #1 FAILED at 1.
1 out of 1 hunk FAILED -- saving rejects to file testfile5.rej   失败
ywx@ywx:~/desktop/test/test1$