TQ2440+2.6.30.4 初级移植 （一）

说明：gcc 4.3.3  TQ制作的编译工具
     linux2.6.30.4源码：  tar.bz2
     主机：ubuntu10.10
     开发板：TQ2440 256MB  2009年版 东华LCD-3.5寸
    
     uboot：u-boot_W35_20091031.bin
     文件系统：root_qtopia_2.2.0_2.6.30.4_256MB_20100601.bin
     内核文件：通过源码自己建立

参考资料：天嵌科技出品-Linux移植之Step By Step_V4.0_20091028.pdf  step1~step9
          天嵌科技出品-Linux移植之Step By Step_V4.5_20100605.pdf  内核配置单
          http://blog.chinaunix.net/space.php?uid=22666248&do=blog&id=195362


1.在linux2.6.30.4 内核中，有关s3c2440的头文件

arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/include/
arch/arm/plat-s3c/include/
arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/include

2.解压源码

#tar jxfv linux-2.6.30.4.tar.bz2 -C /opt/me_linux/
  注意是root权限                  -C  表示 改变目录

3.添加ARM 支持，在内核源码下

#cd linux-2.6.30.4
#vim Makefile
在193 行
ARCH ?=(SUBARCH)    修改为     ARCH =arm
CROSS_COMPILE?=                CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

4.修改平台输入时钟，以满足TQ2440的工作频率12000000，

#vim arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
//set nu
//:/1693440 查找
//修改 1693440 为12000000

5.修改机器码
    在TQ2440使用的机器码是168，这里需要修改机器码，否则会出现不能启动的情况。机器码保存在内核源码的“arch/arm/tools/mach-types”文件中，在大概379行，把原来的362 改为168即可。
    为什么要给379 这行呢？因为：在内核的“arm/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c”文件
“MACHINE_START(S3C2440，"SMDK2440")”这行中的S3C2440，这个就是关键了。
     在TQ自己制作的内核中，arm/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c 显示的是MACHINE_START(S3C2440，"TQ2440")

6.把镜像存放到指定位置

#vim arch/arm/boot/Makefile
   $(obj)/zImage:$(obj)/compressed/vmlinux FORCE
   $(call if_changed,objcopy)
   @cp -f arch/arm/boot/zImage zImage.bin  这行是添加的
   @ECHO 'Kernel:$@ is ready'

## 在 vim 中，使用 :/ 或者 :? 来查找指定的字符串，n 表示继续上一次查询

修改同文件下

-type -f print| xargs rm -f rm -f zImage.bin 

7.nand flash 移植
   修改内核源码下的“arch/arm/plat-s3c2400/common-smdk.c”

static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[] = {
#if defined (CONFIG_256MB_NAND)
    [0] = {
        .name    = "ywx-uboot",
        .size    = 0x00040000,   ##256KB
        .offset    = 0x0,
    },
    [1] = {
        .name    = "ywx-kernel",
        .offset = 0x00200000,
        .size    = 0x00200000,   ##2MB
    },
    [2] = {
        .name    = "ywx-yaffs2",
        .offset = 0x00400000,
        .size    = 0x0fb80000,  ##251.5MB
    }
#endif
};

 
   修改 nand flash 的读写匹配时间，修改 commmon-smdk.c的文件大概140 行的
smdk_nand_info 结构体

static struct s3c2410_platform_nand smdk_nand_info = {
    .tacls        = 10,
    .twrph0        = 25,
    .twrph1        = 10,
    .nr_sets    = ARRAY_SIZE(smdk_nand_sets),
    .sets        = smdk_nand_sets,
};

   修改内核源码 “drivers/mtd/nand/Kconfig”,添加 nand flash

config MTD_NAND_S3C2410_HWECC
    bool "S3C2410 NAND Hardware ECC"
    depends on MTD_NAND_S3C2410
    help
      Enable the use of the S3C2410's internal ECC generator when
      using NAND. Early versions of the chip have had problems with
      incorrect ECC generation, and if using these, the default of
      software ECC is preferable.
#################

choice
    prompt "nand capacity select"
    depends on MTD
    help
        nand capacity select

config 256MB_NAND
    boolean "256MB nand for tq-board"
    depends on MTD
    help
        set 256MB nand parts
endchoice

#################

config MTD_NAND_NDFC
    tristate "NDFC NanD Flash Controller"
    depends on 4xx
    select MTD_NAND_ECC_SMC
    help
     NDFC Nand Flash Controllers are integrated in IBM/AMCC's 4xx SoCs

8.移植yaffs2文件系统
   yaffs2下载
   得到补丁后，解压补丁，然后打上 yaffs2的补丁

#tar zxfz cvs-root.tar.gz
#cd cvs/yaffs2/
./patch-ker.sh c /opt/me_linux/linux-2.6.30.4/

9.保存配置单
默认的s3c2410 配置单

arch/arm/configs/s3c2410_defconfig

10.修改配置单
   10.1 添加自己的信息

general setup->
    [-EmbedSky]local version.......
这里，如果修改为 yuweixian 会出错，出错在下面介绍

   10.2 支持 EABI gcc是4.3.3 需要EABI

kernel->features
[*]use the EABI to compile
[*]allow old eabi binailes

   10.3 nand flash 支持

device features->
   
    nand device support ->
       
          nand flash support s3c2410/2440 soc
        [*]s3c2410 nand hardware ecc    选上，由于tq板上是256MB nand，
                                         ecc：error checking code 错误检查纠正

   10.4板子支持

system type ->
    s3c2440 machines->
            [] SMDK2440  只选择这个

   10.5 boot 选项
可能根据个人板子的设置会不一样，TQ2440是从Nand Flash中加载文件系统，其中mtdblock2是存放Linux文件系统的分区。

noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc/ console=ttySAC0

   10.6 real time clock

device drivers->
    < >real time clock 这个去掉

   10.7 yaffs2文件系统支持

File systems----->
      Miscellaneous filesystems --->
         <*>YAFFS2 file system support

11 出错信息

<3>uncorrectable error : <3>uncorrectable error : <3>uncorrectable error : <3>uncorrectable error : <3>input_polldev: version magic '2.6.30.4-EmbedSky mod_unload ARMv4 ' should be '2.6.30.4-yuweixian mod_unload ARMv4 '
insmod: can't insert '/lib/input-polldev.ko': invalid module format
mac80211: version magic '2.6.30.4-EmbedSky mod_unload ARMv4 ' should be '2.6.30.4-yuweixian mod_unload ARMv4 '
uncorrectable error : <3>uncorrectable error : <3>uncorrectable error : <3>uncorrectable error : insmod: can't insert '/lib/mac80211.ko': invalid module format
<3>rt2x00lib: version magic '2.6.30.4-EmbedSky mod_unload ARMv4 ' should be '2.6.30.4-yuweixian mod_unload ARMv4 '


这里出错：general setup-> 添加自己的信息

(-yuweixian)local version -append to kernel release 出错了

可能在uboot中  指定了 EmbedSky 了，不能添加自己的信息了。

12.最后 make zImage 下载板子，实验

说明：使用默认的 s3c2410_defconfig
      只 修改了  板子 cpu 部分



##### EmbedSky BIOS for SKY2440/TQ2440 #####
Press Space key to Download Mode !
Booting Linux ...
Copy linux kernel from 0x00200000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x00200000 ...

Copy Kernel to SDRAM done,NOW, Booting Linux......
Uncompressing

Linux....................................................................

....................................... done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.30.4-EmbedSky (root@ywx) (gcc version 4.3.3 (Sourcery

G++ Lite 2009q1-176) ) #7 Tue Mar 29 11:54:12 CST 2011
CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177
CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
Machine: SMDK2440
ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001)
S3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C244X: core 400.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz
CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages:

16256
Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc

console=ttySAC0
NR_IRQS:85
irq: clearing pending ext status 00080000
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
PID hash table entries: 256 (order: 8, 1024 bytes)
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
console [ttySAC0] enabled
Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
Memory: 61364KB available (3008K code, 285K data, 112K init, 0K highmem)
Calibrating delay loop... 199.47 BogoMIPS (lpj=498688)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
net_namespace: 936 bytes
NET: Registered protocol family 16
S3C Power Management, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C2440: Initialising architecture
S3C2440: IRQ Support
S3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
DMA channel 0 at c4808000, irq 33
DMA channel 1 at c4808040, irq 34
DMA channel 2 at c4808080, irq 35
DMA channel 3 at c48080c0, irq 36
S3C244X: Clock Support, DVS off
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
SCSI subsystem initialized
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10
s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 97 KHz
s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (extended precision)
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY)  漏 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.
yaffs Mar 29 2011 11:34:55 Installing.
msgmni has been set to 119
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered (default)
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 30x40
fb0: s3c2410fb frame buffer device
lp: driver loaded but no devices found
ppdev: user-space parallel port driver
Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
s3c2440-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a

S3C2440
s3c2440-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a

S3C2440
s3c2440-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a

S3C2440
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver
ide-gd driver 1.18
ide-cd driver 5.00
Driver 'sd' needs updating - please use bus_type methods
dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31
S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c2440-nand s3c2440-nand: Tacls=2, 20ns Twrph0=3 30ns, Twrph1=2 20ns
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xda (Samsung NAND 256MiB

3,3V 8-bit)
Scanning device for bad blocks
Creating 3 MTD partitions on "NAND 256MiB 3,3V 8-bit":
0x000000000000-0x000000040000 : "ywx-uboot"
0x000000200000-0x000000400000 : "ywx-kernel"
0x000000400000-0x00000ff80000 : "ywx-yaffs2"
usbmon: debugfs is not available
ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000
usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
USB Serial support registered for generic
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic
usbserial: USB Serial Driver core
USB Serial support registered for FTDI USB Serial Device
usbcore: registered new interface driver ftdi_sio
ftdi_sio: v1.4.3:USB FTDI Serial Converters Driver
USB Serial support registered for pl2303
usbcore: registered new interface driver pl2303
pl2303: Prolific PL2303 USB to serial adaptor driver
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
S3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-wdt s3c2410-wdt: watchdog inactive, reset disabled, irq enabled
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.20.
ALSA device list:
  No soundcards found.
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
yaffs: dev is 32505858 name is "mtdblock2"
yaffs: passed flags ""
yaffs: Attempting MTD mount on 31.2, "mtdblock2"
yaffs: auto selecting yaffs2
Partially written block 476 detected
Partially written block 476 detected
Partially written block 476 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 474 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
Partially written block 398 detected
yaffs_read_super: isCheckpointed 0
VFS: Mounted root (yaffs filesystem) on device 31:2.
Freeing init memory: 112K
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
input_polldev: Unknown symbol kmalloc_caches
insmod: can't insert '/lib/input-polldev.ko': unknown symbol in module,

or unknown parameter
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_scan_done
mac80211: Unknown symbol regulatory_hint_11d
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_wext_giwscan
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_wext_giwname
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_wext_giwmode
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_wext_giwrange
mac80211: Unknown symbol wiphy_register
mac80211: Unknown symbol wiphy_new
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_put_bss
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_hold_bss
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_send_rx_auth
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_send_rx_disassoc
mac80211: Unknown symbol wiphy_unregister
mac80211: Unknown symbol ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_get_bss
mac80211: Unknown symbol __ieee80211_get_channel
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_wext_siwmode
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_send_rx_assoc
mac80211: Unknown symbol ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next
mac80211: Unknown symbol ieee80211_channel_to_frequency
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_wext_siwscan
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_inform_bss_frame
mac80211: Unknown symbol ieee80211_frequency_to_channel
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_send_rx_deauth
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_unhold_bss
mac80211: Unknown symbol cfg80211_unlink_bss
mac80211: Unknown symbol wiphy_free
mac80211: Unknown symbol kmalloc_caches
insmod: can't insert '/lib/mac80211.ko': unknown symbol in module, or

unknown parameter
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_register_hw
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_get_hdrlen_from_skb
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_wake_queue
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol input_allocate_polled_device
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_tx_status_irqsafe
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol input_free_polled_device
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_ctstoself_get
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_wake_queues
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_iterate_active_interfaces
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_stop_queue
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_stop_queues
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_iterate_active_interfaces_atomic
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_channel_to_frequency
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_unregister_hw
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol input_register_polled_device
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_rts_get
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_beacon_get
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol input_unregister_polled_device
rt2x00lib: Unknown symbol ieee80211_rx_irqsafe
insmod: can't insert '/lib/rt2x00lib.ko': unknown symbol in module, or

unknown parameter
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00lib_probe_dev
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol ieee80211_free_hw
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol ieee80211_alloc_hw
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00lib_rxdone
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00lib_remove_dev
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00lib_txdone
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00queue_get_queue
rt2x00usb: Unknown symbol kmalloc_caches
insmod: can't insert '/lib/rt2x00usb.ko': unknown symbol in module, or

unknown parameter
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_add_interface
rt73usb: Unknown symbol crc_itu_t_table
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_get_stats
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_disable_radio
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_set_key
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_vendor_request_buff
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_vendor_request_large_buff
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_kick_tx_queue
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_write_tx_data
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_config_interface
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_remove_interface
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_vendor_request
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_probe
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_config
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00queue_get_queue
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_clear_entry
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_conf_tx
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_start
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_stop
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_configure_filter
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_disconnect
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_tx
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_vendor_req_buff_lock
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_get_tx_stats
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_regbusy_read
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_kill_tx_queue
rt73usb: Unknown symbol crc_itu_t
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_uninitialize
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00usb_initialize
rt73usb: Unknown symbol rt2x00mac_bss_info_changed
insmod: can't insert '/lib/rt73usb.ko': unknown symbol in module, or

unknown parameter
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_free_hw
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_alloc_hw
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol regulatory_hint
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_register_hw
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_tx_status_irqsafe
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_wake_queues
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_stop_queues
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_unregister_hw
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_beacon_get
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol kmalloc_caches
zd1211rw: Unknown symbol ieee80211_rx_irqsafe
insmod: can't insert '/lib/zd1211rw.ko': unknown symbol in module, or

unknown parameter
ov9650: Unknown symbol kmalloc_caches
insmod: can't insert '/lib/ov9650.ko': unknown symbol in module, or

unknown parameter
ifconfig: SIOCGIFFLAGS: No such device
ifconfig: SIOCSIFHWADDR: No such device
ifconfig: SIOCSIFADDR: No such device
open device leds: No such file or directory
route: SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable
[01/Jan/1970:00:00:12 +0000] boa: server version Boa/0.94.13
[01/Jan/1970:00:00:12 +0000] boa: server built Jul 29 2009 at 14:27:34.
[01/Jan/1970:00:00:12 +0000] boa: starting server pid=913, port 80

Please press Enter to activate this console.
[root@EmbedSky /]# ls
bin             linuxrc         root            tq2440_serial0
dev             lost+found      sbin            udisk
etc             mnt             sddisk          usr
home            opt             sys             var
lib             proc            tmp             web
[root@EmbedSky /]#


问题：这里 的tq2440_serial0 是 怎么生成的？