Linux键盘快捷键

桌面或窗口下：
KEY: 程序键，右ctrl键左边的一个键，显示所选项的快捷菜单
ctrl+space:中文与英文输入法切换
ctrl+shift:输入法切换
alt+Space:Activate window menu,激活窗口调整状态
alt+F1:show the panel menu,即最左下角的运行程序
alt+F2:Show the panel run application dialog,,打开运行窗口
alt+F4:Close,关闭当前活动窗口
alt+F5:Unmaximize,在最在窗口情况下还原
alt+F6:聚焦桌面上当前窗口
alt+F7:Move,移动窗口
alt+F8:Resize,调整窗口的大小
alt+F9:Minimize,最小化窗口
alt+F10:Maximize,最大化窗口
alt+Esc:Move between  immediately,切换已打开的窗口
alt+Tab:Move between windows with popup,切换已打开的窗口,popup是说又有一个显示框框
alt+print:Take a screenshot of a window ,截取当前活动的窗口
ctrl+alt+Esc:Move between panels and the desktop immediately
ctrl+alt+Tab:Move between panels and the desktop with popup,切换面板和桌面
ctrl+alt+d:Hide all windows and focus desktop,显示桌面
ctrl+alt+l:Lock screen,锁屏
ctrl+alt+backspace:注销
ctrl+alt+Fn:切换多个终端
ctrl+alt+方向键：switch workspace on the 方向，切换工作区
ctrl+alt+shift+方向键：Move window one workspace to the 方向,移动窗口到某个工作区


在控制台/虚拟终端下:
ScrollLock: 锁定终端的输入/输出－当屏幕输出滚动过快的时候可以用这个键给屏幕定格，再按一次Scroll Lock解除锁定。也可以用另外一种方法实现这个功能，使用Ctrl+S 锁定屏幕，使用Ctrl+Q解除锁定。如果你的控制台突然出现了不明原因无响应也可以尝试一下后面的这个解锁快捷键，也许是因为你无意中触发了CTRL+ S导致屏幕假死。
Ctrl+C Or Ctrl+\ :杀死当前任务
Ctrl+D:作用是EOF,即末尾(EndOfFile),如果你的光标处在一个空白的命令行上，将会退出bash，比你用exit命令退出要快得多。
Ctrl+L:刷新屏幕。
Ctrl+Z:暂停进程,使用命令：bg在后台运行或者使用fg在前端运行。
Alt＋Fn (F1, F2, F3,&hellIP ）：切换到第n个控制台
Alt＋Left Or Alt+Right:切换到上/下一个虚拟终端
Ctrl＋Alt＋Delete：重启计算机
Shift+PageUp Or Shift+PageDown -:上、下滚动控制台缓存。这个功能在 Scroll Lock 启动的时候也是管用的。 在使用(Alt+Fn)更换控制台后缓存内容就被删除了，所以滚动无效。


Bash & command-line
Tab:命令行自动补全－自动补全当前的命令行,如果启用自动补全脚本命令参数和选项也可以自动补齐
Ctrl+A:把光标移动到命令行最开始的地方
Ctrl+E:把光标移动到命令行末尾
Ctrl+K:清除从提示符所在位置到行末尾之间的字符
Ctrl+R:将自动在命令历史缓存中增量搜索后面入的字符
Ctrl+U:清除命令行中光标所处位置之前的所有字符
Ctrl+W:清除左边的字段
Ctrl+Y:将会贴上被Ctrl+U或者Ctrl+K或者Ctrl+W清除的部分

gnome-terminal:
File:
Shift+Ctrl+t:New Tab
Shift+Ctrl+n:New Window
Shift+Ctrl+w:Close Tab
Edit:
Shift+Ctrl+c:Copy
Shift+Ctrl+v:Paste
View:
F11:Full Screen
Ctrl+plus:Zoom In
Ctrl+minus:Zoom Out
Ctrl+0:Normal Size
GO:
Ctrl+PageUp:Switch to Previous Tab
Ctrl+PageDown:Switch to Next Tab
Shift+Ctrl+PageUp:Move Tab to the left
Shift+Ctrl+PageDown:Move Tab to the Right
Alt+1:Switch to Tab 1
Alt+2:Switch to Tab 2
Alt+3:Switch to Tab 3
Alt+4:Switch to Tab 4
Alt+5:Switch to Tab 5
Alt+6:Switch to Tab 6
Alt+7:Switch to Tab 7
Alt+8:Switch to Tab 8
Alt+9:Switch to Tab 9
Help:
F1:Contents

Kernel shortcuts(下面的快捷键必须在内核中启用以后才可以使用,而且必须启用魔术组合键SysRQ)
启用SysRq：echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq(root用户)
禁用SysRq：echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq(root用户)
Alt+SysRQ+B:快速重起,不要在没有同步和卸载文件的情况下执行，否则会导致文件系统严重错误
Alt+SysRQ+H:输出其他魔术组合键列表(SysRQ)功能
Alt+SysRQ+S:同步所有已挂载的文件系统,所有缓存中的将被立刻写入磁盘
Alt+SysRQ+U:以只读方式重新挂载所有已挂载文件系统
Alt+SysRQ+S:然后 Alt+SysRQ+U，然后 Alt+SysRQ+B,同步所有文件系统、以只读方式重新挂载所有文件系统、立刻重新启动,这是重新启动的最快方式

SCIM:输入法
Hot Keys:
Shift+space:Switch between full/half width letter mode,字符的全角半角
Ctrl+period(句号):Switch between full/half width punctuation mode,标点符号的全角半角



Mozilla Firefox Keyboard Shortcuts:
(This is a list of the most common keyboard shortcuts in Mozilla Firefox,  If you have enabled Emacs-style. text editing shortcuts in GNOME, they will also work in Firefox.  When an Emacs text editing shortcut conflicts with the default shortcuts (as occurs with  CtrlCmd+K), the Emacs shortcut will take preference if focus is inside a textbox (which would include the location bar and search bar).  In such cases you should use the alternate keyboar shortcut if one is listed below.
 
Command                 Shortcut
           Navigation
Back                    AltOpt+LeftArrow,Backspace,CtrlCmd+[
Forward                    AltOpt+RightArrow,Shift+Backspace,CtrlCmd+]
Home                    AltOpt+Home(小上的起始键)
OpenFile                CtrlCmd+O
Reload                    F5,CtrlCmd+R
Reload(OverrideCache)   CtrlCmd+F5,CtrlCmd+Shift+E
Stop                    Esc
         Current Page
Go to Bottom of Page    End
Go to Top of Page       Home
Move to Next Frame      F6
Move to Next Frame      Shift+F6
Page Info               CtrlCmd+I
Page Source             CtrlCmd+U
Print                   CtrlCmd+P
Save Page As            CtrlCmd+S
Text Size: Decrease     CtrlCmd+-(缩小字体）
Text Size: Increase     CtrlCmd++
Text Size: Restore      CtrlCmd+0
         Editing
Copy                    CtrlCmd+C
Cut                        CtrlCmd+X
Delete                  Delete
Paste                   CtrlCmd+V
Undo                    CtrlCmd+Z
Redo                    CtrlCmd+Shift+Z
Select All              CtrlCmd+A
         Search
Find                    CtrlCmd+F
Find Again              F3，CtrlCmd+G
Find As You Type Link   '
Find As You Type Text   /
Find Previous           Shift+F3
Web Search              CtrlCmd+K，CtrlCmd+J
         Windows & Tabs
Close Tab               CtrlCmd+W，Ctrl+F4
Close Window            CtrlCmd+Shift+W，AltOpt+F4       
MoveTabLeft(TabFocused) CtrlCmd+Left Arrow，CtrlCmd+Up Arrow
MoveTabRight(TabFocused)CtrlCmd+Right Arrow，CtrlCmd+Down Arrow
MoveTabtoBeginning(TF)  CtrlCmd+Home
MoveTabtoEnd(TabFocused)CtrlCmd+End
New Tab                 CtrlCmd+T
New Window          CtrlCmd+N
Next Tab              Ctrl+Tab，Ctrl+Page Down
OpenAddressinNewTab        AltOpt+Enter
Previous Tab          Ctrl+Shift+Tab，Ctrl+Page Up
Select Tab (1 to 9)        AltOpt+(1 to 9)
          Tools
Bookmark This Page      CtrlCmd+D
Bookmarks               CtrlCmd+B
Caret Browsing          F7
Downloads               CtrlCmd+Y
History                 CtrlCmd+H
Clear Private Data      CtrlCmd+Shift+Del
          Miscellaneous
Complete .com Address   CtrlCmd+Enter
Complete .net Address   Shift+Enter
Complete .org Address   CtrlCmd+Shift+Enter
DeleteSelectedAutocompleteEntry Shift+Del
Full Screen             F11
New Message             CtrlCmd+M
Select Location Bar     AltOpt+D，F6，CtrlCmd+L
Select Previous Search Engine(when Search Bar is focused) CtrlCmd+Up Arrow
Select Next Search Engine(when Search Bar is focused)     CtrlCmd+Down Arrow

Mozilla Firefox Mouse Shortcuts
This is a list of the most common mouse shortcuts in  Mozilla Firefox.
Command                  Shortcut
Back                     Shift+Scroll Down
Close Tab                Middle-click on Tab
Decrease Text Size       CtrlCmd+Scroll up
Forward                  Shift+Scroll up
Increase Text Size       CtrlCmd+Scroll down
New Tab                  Double-Click on Tab Bar
Open in Background Tab   CtrlCmd+Left-click，Middle-click
Open in Foreground Tab   CtrlCmd+Shift+Left-click，Shift+Middle-click        
Open in New Window       Shift+Left-click
Paste URL and Go         Middle-click on Tab
Reload (override cache)  Shift+Reload button
Save Page As             AltOpt+Left-click
Scroll line by line      AltOpt+Scroll