邮箱:zhuimengcanyang@163.com 痴爱嵌入式技术的蜗牛
分类: 嵌入式
2015-08-23 22:14:21
上一节里,实现同一时刻只能有一个进程使用同一个设备,例如:只能有一个进程,在同一时刻里使用/dev/buttons这个设备。在写单片机的按键程序时,也必将会涉及一点,就是按键去抖动。
按键去抖动的方法无非有二种,一种是硬件电路去抖动,这种在要求不是特别高的情况下是不会被采用的;
另一种就是延时去抖动了。而延时又一般分为二种,一种是for循环死等待,一种是定时延时。这一节里我们来使用内核的定时器去抖动。
问:linux内核定时器有哪些要素?答:有两个要素:
一、超时时间
二、处理函数
问:linux定时器结构是怎样的?
答:点击(此处)折叠或打开
- struct timer_list {
- struct list_head entry;
- unsigned long expires;
- void (*function)(unsigned long);
- unsigned long data;
- struct tvec_t_base_s *base;
- #ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS
- void *start_site;
- char start_comm[16];
- int start_pid;
- #endif
- };
问:void (*function)(unsigned long data)里面的参数是谁传给它的?答:
是timer_list.data传给它的,如果需要向function传递参数时,则应该设置timer_list.data,否则可以不设置。
问:与定时器相关的操作函数有哪些?
答:
一、使用init_timer函数初始化定时器
二、设置timer_list.function,并实现这个函数指针
三、使用add_timer函数向内核注册一个定时器
四、使用mod_timer修改定时器时间,并启动定时器
问:int mod_timer(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires)的第二个参数为超时时间,怎么设置超时时间,如果定时为10ms?
答:一般的形式为: jiffies + (HZ /100),HZ 表示100个jiffies,jiffies的单位为10ms,即HZ = 100*10ms = 1s
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/fs.h>
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/delay.h>
- #include <linux/irq.h>
- #include <asm/uaccess.h>
- #include <asm/irq.h>
- #include <asm/io.h>
- #include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
- #include <asm/hardware.h>
- #include <linux/poll.h>
- static struct class *sixthdrv_class;
- static struct class_device *sixthdrv_class_dev;
- volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
- volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;
- volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
- volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;
- static struct timer_list buttons_timer;
- static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
- /* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,sixth_drv_read将它清0 */
- static volatile int ev_press = 0;
- static struct fasync_struct *button_async;
- struct pin_desc{
- unsigned int pin;
- unsigned int key_val;
- };
- /* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
- /* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
- static unsigned char key_val;
- struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
- {S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
- {S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
- {S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
- {S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
- };
- static struct pin_desc *irq_pd;
- //static atomic_t canopen = ATOMIC_INIT(1); //定义原子变量并初始化为1
- static DECLARE_MUTEX(button_lock); //定义互斥锁
- /*
- * 确定按键值
- */
- static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
- {
- /* 10ms后启动定时器 */
- irq_pd = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
- mod_timer(&buttons_timer, jiffies + HZ/100); // 修改定时器中断时间。
- return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
- }
- static int sixth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- #if 0
- if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&canopen))
- {
- atomic_inc(&canopen);
- return -EBUSY;
- }
- #endif
- if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
- {
- if (down_trylock(&button_lock))
- return -EBUSY;
- }
- else
- {
- /* 获取信号量 */
- down(&button_lock);
- }
- /* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
- /* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
- request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
- request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
- request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
- request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);
- return 0;
- }
- ssize_t sixth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
- {
- if (size != 1)
- return -EINVAL;
- if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
- {
- if (!ev_press)
- return -EAGAIN;
- }
- else
- {
- /* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
- wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
- }
- /* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
- copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
- ev_press = 0;
- return 1;
- }
- int sixth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- //atomic_inc(&canopen);
- free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
- free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
- free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
- free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
- up(&button_lock);
- return 0;
- }
- static unsigned sixth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
- {
- unsigned int mask = 0;
- poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠
- if (ev_press)
- mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
- return mask;
- }
- static int sixth_drv_fasync (int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
- {
- printk("driver: sixth_drv_fasync\n");
- return fasync_helper (fd, filp, on, &button_async);
- }
- static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
- .owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
- .open = sixth_drv_open,
- .read = sixth_drv_read,
- .release = sixth_drv_close,
- .poll = sixth_drv_poll,
- .fasync = sixth_drv_fasync,
- };
- int major;
- static void buttons_timer_function(unsigned long data)
- {
- struct pin_desc * pindesc = irq_pd;
- unsigned int pinval;
- if (!pindesc)
- return;
- pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);
- if (pinval)
- {
- /* 松开 */
- key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
- }
- else
- {
- /* 按下 */
- key_val = pindesc->key_val;
- }
- ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */
- wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
- kill_fasync (&button_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
- }
- static int sixth_drv_init(void)
- {
- // 初始化timer定时器
- init_timer(&buttons_timer); //1. 初始化定时器
- buttons_timer.function = buttons_timer_function; //2. 定时器中断处理函数
- //buttons_timer.expires = 0; //3. 超时时间
- add_timer(&buttons_timer); //4. 添加定时器
- major = register_chrdev(0, "sixth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);
- sixthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "sixth_drv");
- sixthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(sixthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */
- gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
- gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;
- gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
- gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;
- return 0;
- }
- static void sixth_drv_exit(void)
- {
- unregister_chrdev(major, "sixth_drv");
- class_device_unregister(sixthdrv_class_dev);
- class_destroy(sixthdrv_class);
- iounmap(gpfcon);
- iounmap(gpgcon);
- return 0;
- }
- module_init(sixth_drv_init);
- module_exit(sixth_drv_exit);
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <poll.h>
- #include <signal.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- /* sixthdrvtest
- */
- int fd;
- void my_signal_fun(int signum)
- {
- unsigned char key_val;
- read(fd, &key_val, 1);
- printf("key_val: 0x%x\n", key_val);
- }
- int main(int argc, char **argv)
- {
- unsigned char key_val;
- int ret;
- int Oflags;
- //signal(SIGIO, my_signal_fun);
- fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("can't open!\n");
- return -1;
- }
- //fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
- //Oflags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL)
- //fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, Oflags | FASYNC);
- while (1)
- {
- ret = read(fd, &key_val, 1);
- printf("key_val: 0x%x, ret = %d\n", key_val, ret);
- //sleep(5);
- }
- return 0;
- }
定时器如何使用:【linux定时器使用】
一、使用init_timer函数初始化定时器
二、设置timer_list.function,并实现这个函数指针
三、使用add_timer函数向内核注册一个定时器
四、使用mod_timer修改定时器时间,并启动定时器