module File:Basename

use File::Basename
my $file = "/usr/bin/perl";
my $basename = basename $file;
my $dirname = dirname $file;

print "$basename, $dirname";

#perl, /usr/bin

fileparse

$filepath = /home/test/my.pl
my ($filename, $filedir, $subffix) = fileparse($filepath, qr/\.[^.]*/);
my $name = fileparse($filepath);
print $filename, $filedir, $subffix, "\n"; #will be my, /home/test/ .pl
print $name; #my.pl

You are guaranteed that "$directories . $filename . $suffix" will denote the same location as the original $path.
the $subffix is the optional if you put a string or pattern, may get $subffix.

fileparse_set_fstype

my $type = fileparse_set_fstype();
my $previous_type = fileparse_set_fstype($type);

Valid $types are "MacOS", "VMS", "AmigaOS", "OS2", "RISCOS",
           "MSWin32", "DOS" (also "MSDOS" for backwards bug compatibility),
           "Epoc" and "Unix" (all case-insensitive).  If an unrecognized $type
           is given "Unix" will be assumed.